{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4254744690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1165324","title":"An Update on Ethanol Production and Utilization in Thailand, 2014","display_name":"An Update on Ethanol Production and Utilization in Thailand, 2014","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4254744690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1165324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/1165324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1165324","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1165324","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1165324","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1165324","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143083229","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056150286","display_name":"Cary N. Bloyd","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cary Bloyd","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147832051","display_name":"USDOE","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"USDOE","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113436871","display_name":"N Foster","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolas Foster","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10171","display_name":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","score":0.8241999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10171","display_name":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","score":0.8241999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13240","display_name":"Bioeconomy and Sustainability Development","score":0.08590000122785568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12617","display_name":"Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies","score":0.03539999946951866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethanol-production","display_name":"ethanol production","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethanol-intake","display_name":"ethanol consumption","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thailand","display_name":"Thailand","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofuels","display_name":"biofuels","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethanol-blending","display_name":"ethanol blending","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e20","display_name":"E20","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-generation-biofuels","display_name":"second-generation biofuels","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethanol-exports","display_name":"ethanol exports","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-self-sufficiency","display_name":"energy self-sufficiency","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-incentives","display_name":"government incentives","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-balance","display_name":"trade balance","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-policy","display_name":"environmental policy","score":0.5339999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.662825882434845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65183824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194361","display_name":"Ethanol fuel","level":3,"score":0.6601490378379822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53991642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991","display_name":"Biofuel","level":2,"score":0.6040440201759338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5920517444610596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5909963846206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5611333250999451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.5476710200309753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103697071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39558","display_name":"Gasoline","level":2,"score":0.47697457671165466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.43248772621154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3777932822704315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.34735482931137085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18321439623832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.1609678864479065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.10628178715705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2172/1165324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1165324","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1165324","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1165324","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1165324","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1165324","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1165324","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/1165324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1165324","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/1165324","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1165324","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)","raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9090999960899353},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008},{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5351999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4254744690.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4254744690.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2161164217"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1437089","https://openalex.org/W2520735135","https://openalex.org/W2311170023","https://openalex.org/W201701644","https://openalex.org/W4312780225","https://openalex.org/W2954429032","https://openalex.org/W2306743856","https://openalex.org/W2057759150","https://openalex.org/W7219472831","https://openalex.org/W2297808217"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,42],"spite":[1],"of":[2,23,27,66,81,121,163],"the":[3,34,37,78,97,127,153,161,170],"recent":[4],"political":[5],"turmoil,":[6],"Thailand":[7,136],"has":[8,137],"continued":[9],"to":[10,30,61,90,103,129,177],"develop":[11],"its":[12,59,62,141],"ethanol":[13,28,134,143],"based":[14],"alternative":[15],"fuel":[16],"supply":[17],"and":[18,25,77,117,160],"demand":[19],"infrastructure.":[20],"Its":[21],"support":[22],"production":[24,35],"sales":[26],"contributed":[29,84],"more":[31,54],"than":[32,55],"doubling":[33],"over":[36],"past":[38],"five":[39],"years":[40],"alone.":[41],"April":[43],"2014,":[44],"average":[45],"consumption":[46,64],"stood":[47],"at":[48],"3.18":[49],"million":[50,68],"liter":[51],"per":[52,70],"day-":[53],"a":[56],"third":[57],"on":[58,99],"way":[60],"domestic":[63],"goal":[65],"9":[67],"liters":[69],"day":[71],"by":[72],"2021.":[73],"Strong":[74],"government":[75],"incentives":[76],"phasing":[79],"out":[80],"non-blended":[82],"gasoline":[83],"substantially.":[85],"Concurrently,":[86],"exports":[87],"dropped":[88],"significantly":[89],"their":[91],"lowest":[92],"level":[93],"since":[94],"2011,":[95],"increasing":[96,166],"pressure":[98],"Thai":[100,154],"policy":[101],"makers":[102],"best":[104],"balance":[105,116],"energy":[106],"independency":[107],"goals":[108],"with":[109,147],"other":[110],"priorities,":[111],"such":[112],"as":[113],"Thailand\u2019s":[114,132],"trade":[115],"environmental":[118],"aspirations.":[119],"Utilization":[120],"second":[122],"generation":[123],"biofuels":[124],"might":[125],"have":[126],"potential":[128],"further":[130],"expand":[131],"growing":[133],"market.":[135],"also":[138],"dramatically":[139],"increased":[140],"higher":[142],"blend":[144],"vehicle":[145],"fleet,":[146],"all":[148],"new":[149],"vehicles":[150,165],"sold":[151],"in":[152,169,175,179],"market":[155],"now":[156],"being":[157],"E20":[158],"capable":[159],"number":[162],"E85":[164],"three":[167],"fold":[168],"last":[171],"year":[172],"from":[173],"100,000":[174],"2013":[176],"300,000":[178],"2014.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}