{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4254699460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/bjk92","title":"A Simple Approach to Setting Reasonable Royalties for Standard-Essential Patents","display_name":"A Simple Approach to Setting Reasonable Royalties for Standard-Essential Patents","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4254699460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/bjk92"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31235/osf.io/bjk92","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/bjk92","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/bjk92","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088186426","display_name":"Mark A. Lemley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2944-0582","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2944-0582","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8039-2224"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark Lemley","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088186426"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.8984000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.8984000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.0949999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14457","display_name":"Intellectual Property Rights and Media","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-essential-patents","display_name":"standard-essential patents","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frand-licensing","display_name":"FRAND licensing","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/royalty-rates","display_name":"royalty rates","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standards-organizations","display_name":"standards organizations","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binding-arbitration","display_name":"binding arbitration","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/final-offer-arbitration","display_name":"final-offer arbitration","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-licensing-disputes","display_name":"patent licensing disputes","score":0.7630000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779057293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6543058","display_name":"Licensee","level":3,"score":0.8612024784088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6652979850769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160151201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207946","display_name":"Arbitration","level":2,"score":0.6333017349243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2648051","display_name":"Obligation","level":2,"score":0.5514132976531982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5447176694869995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.5378649830818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.36319923400878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3346450924873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.24957385659217834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79719","display_name":"License","level":2,"score":0.20980751514434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1624002754688263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31235/osf.io/bjk92","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/bjk92","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/bjk92","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:46123-9AE-54B","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.31235/OSF.IO/BJK92","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401238","display_name":"SocArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:a22c41f9-bbda-4cd1-bc82-f3fb0995b918","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/bjk92","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401238","display_name":"SocArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32723271","https://openalex.org/W1522442230","https://openalex.org/W1585233456","https://openalex.org/W1588985472"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2471253860","https://openalex.org/W2765940778","https://openalex.org/W2149837546","https://openalex.org/W7220514950","https://openalex.org/W773679192","https://openalex.org/W2314620743","https://openalex.org/W2262618690","https://openalex.org/W3122958082","https://openalex.org/W2098963482","https://openalex.org/W2393126385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Standard":[0],"Setting":[1],"Organizations":[2],"(SSOs)":[3],"typically":[4],"require":[5],"their":[6],"members":[7],"tolicense":[8],"any":[9,96,116],"standard-essential":[10,69,117,136,148],"patent":[11,70,137],"on":[12,79,108,122],"Fair,":[13],"Reasonable,":[14],"andNon-Discriminatory":[15],"(FRAND)":[16],"terms.":[17],"Unfortunately,":[18],"numerous":[19],"high-stakesdisputes":[20],"have":[21],"recently":[22],"broken":[23],"out":[24],"over":[25],"just":[26],"what":[27],"these":[28],"\u201cFRAND":[29],"commitments\u201dmean":[30],"and":[31,33,72],"how":[32,156],"where":[34],"to":[35,51,87,99,131,141,143,145],"enforce":[36,146],"them.":[37],"We":[38,154],"propose":[39],"a":[40],"simple,":[41],"practical":[42],"setof":[43],"rules":[44],"regarding":[45],"patents":[46,118,149],"that":[47],"SSOs":[48],"can":[49],"adopt":[50],"achieve":[52],"the":[53,75,82,101,109,123,127,135,166],"goals":[54],"ofFRAND":[55],"commitments":[56],"far":[57,61],"more":[58],"efficiently":[59],"with":[60,95],"less":[62],"litigation.":[63],"Under":[64],"ourproposed":[65],"approach,":[66],"if":[67],"an":[68,73],"owner":[71,84],"implementerof":[74],"standard":[76],"cannot":[77],"agree":[78],"licensing":[80],"terms,":[81],"standard-essentialpatent":[83],"is":[85,129,152],"obligated":[86],"enter":[88,132],"into":[89],"binding":[90],"baseball-style":[91],"(or":[92],"\u201cfinaloffer\u201d)":[93],"arbitration":[94],"willing":[97],"licensee":[98],"determine":[100],"royaltyrate.":[102],"This":[103],"obligation":[104],"may":[105],"be":[106],"conditioned":[107],"implementer":[110,128],"making":[111],"areciprocal":[112],"FRAND":[113,139,159,171],"Commitment":[114],"for":[115],"it":[119],"owns":[120],"thatread":[121],"same":[124],"standard.":[125],"If":[126],"unwilling":[130],"intobinding":[133],"arbitration,":[134],"owner\u2019s":[138],"commitmentnot":[140],"go":[142],"court":[144],"its":[147],"against":[150],"thatparty":[151],"discharged.":[153],"explain":[155],"our":[157,175],"proposed":[158],"regime":[160],"would":[161],"work":[162],"inpractice.":[163],"Many":[164],"of":[165],"disputes":[167],"currently":[168],"arising":[169],"around":[170],"commitmentsbecome":[172],"moot":[173],"under":[174],"approach.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
