{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4253872218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1","title":"Inflammatory blood biomarker response after controlled subconcussive head impacts: a pilot randomized controlled trial","display_name":"Inflammatory blood biomarker response after controlled subconcussive head impacts: a pilot randomized controlled trial","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4253872218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-5884/v1.pdf?c=1585940984000","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-5884/v1.pdf?c=1585940984000","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063071876","display_name":"Megan E. Huibregtse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6311-8872","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6311-8872"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Megan Elizabeth Huibregtse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053037755","display_name":"Keisuke Ejima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-3987","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-3987"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keisuke Ejima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060889456","display_name":"Zhongxue Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-7843","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-7843"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongxue Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046164092","display_name":"Zachary W. Bevilacqua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4998-8534","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4998-8534"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zachary William Bevilacqua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033740286","display_name":"Alekhya Koppineni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alekhya Koppineni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029528531","display_name":"Rachel M. Kalbfell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2336-5764","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2336-5764","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5520-9826"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel M. Kalbfell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079429706","display_name":"Keisuke Kawata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4135-9311","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4135-9311"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keisuke Kawata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University Bloomington School of Public Health"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4135-9311","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University Bloomington School of Public Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079429706"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10706","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11487","display_name":"Automotive and Human Injury Biomechanics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subconcussive-impacts","display_name":"subconcussive impacts","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy","display_name":"chronic traumatic encephalopathy","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroinflammation","display_name":"neuroinflammation","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eotaxin","display_name":"eotaxin","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mcp-1","display_name":"MCP-1","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-10","display_name":"IL-10","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soccer-heading","display_name":"soccer heading","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-inflammatory-response","display_name":"acute inflammatory response","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soccer-players","display_name":"soccer players","score":0.4410000145435333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7865171432495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.7177543640136719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87753298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157137","display_name":"Neuroinflammation","level":3,"score":0.6463736891746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778426673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326921","display_name":"Concussion","level":4,"score":0.4847795367240906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.4677436649799347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781017439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995526","display_name":"Traumatic brain injury","level":2,"score":0.45975494384765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4192640781402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.4168865978717804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.37706947326660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.35113072395324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.23327451944351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.19587960839271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.09035897254943848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.08434662222862244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-5884/v1.pdf?c=1585940984000","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.15214/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-5884/v1.pdf?c=1585940984000","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3386726908","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ISCBIRF 0019939","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309410","funder_display_name":"Indiana State Department of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309410","display_name":"Indiana State Department of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00hdf4w21"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4253872218.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4253872218.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509460845","https://openalex.org/W1682207880","https://openalex.org/W1969905245","https://openalex.org/W1988626967","https://openalex.org/W1992068214","https://openalex.org/W2012992125","https://openalex.org/W2046208657","https://openalex.org/W2159744238","https://openalex.org/W2279656525","https://openalex.org/W2314456276","https://openalex.org/W2471609794","https://openalex.org/W2557174471","https://openalex.org/W2582594972","https://openalex.org/W2609711406","https://openalex.org/W2623078192","https://openalex.org/W2721383701","https://openalex.org/W2750121529","https://openalex.org/W2758061377","https://openalex.org/W2771434252","https://openalex.org/W2786556354","https://openalex.org/W2913594250","https://openalex.org/W2940357184"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3082042075","https://openalex.org/W2884204270","https://openalex.org/W3094144354","https://openalex.org/W2940357184","https://openalex.org/W2765879186","https://openalex.org/W4379177372","https://openalex.org/W4386731496","https://openalex.org/W3006276017","https://openalex.org/W2978444314","https://openalex.org/W7213236570"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background:":[1],"Chronic":[2],"neuroinflammation":[3],"has":[4,24],"been":[5,25],"implicated":[6],"as":[7,36,211],"a":[8,52,114,132,223,245,277,301],"possible":[9],"contributing":[10],"mechanism":[11],"in":[12,54,197,235,269,319],"the":[13,57,140,198,218,266,270,281,289,314],"development":[14],"and":[15,82,155,164,229,313],"progression":[16],"of":[17,47,76,94,134,200,231,248,291,317],"chronic":[18],"traumatic":[19,176],"encephalopathy.":[20],"This":[21,100],"neurodegenerative":[22],"condition":[23],"associated":[26],"with":[27,127,143,213],"longterm,":[28],"repetitive":[29],"exposure":[30,293,312],"to":[31,61,69,173,294],"subconcussive":[32,62,96,295],"head":[33,37,63,97,296,310],"impacts,":[34],"defined":[35],"impacts":[38],"that":[39,73,170,307],"do":[40],"not":[41,264],"induce":[42],"clinical":[43],"signs":[44],"or":[45,117,204],"symptoms":[46],"concussion.":[48],"However,":[49,216,280],"there":[50,221],"is":[51],"gap":[53],"knowledge":[55],"surrounding":[56],"acute":[58,267,282],"inflammatory":[59,168,181,272],"response":[60,268,284],"impacts.":[64,98,297],"The":[65,121,136,179],"present":[66],"study":[67],"aimed":[68],"test":[70],"our":[71],"hypothesis":[72],"plasma":[74,201,236],"levels":[75,206,238,274],"two":[77],"proinflammatory":[78],"markers":[79,169],"(CCL11,":[80],"CCL2)":[81],"one":[83],"anti-inflammatory":[84],"marker":[85,182,273],"(IL-10)":[86],"would":[87],"be":[88,286],"significantly":[89],"elevated":[90],"after":[91],"10":[92,125,144],"repetitions":[93],"controlled":[95,102],"Methods:":[99],"randomized":[101,112],"trial":[103],"included":[104],"39":[105],"healthy":[106],"adult":[107],"soccer":[108,128,232,249,261],"players":[109],"who":[110],"were":[111,148,159,184,192],"into":[113],"heading":[115,122,219,233,250],"(n=22)":[116],"kicking-control":[118,137,278],"group":[119,123,138,195],"(n=17).":[120],"executed":[124],"headers":[126],"balls":[129],"projected":[130],"at":[131,207,239],"speed":[133],"25mph.":[135],"followed":[139],"same":[141],"protocol":[142],"kicks.":[145],"Plasma":[146],"samples":[147],"collected":[149],"pre-,":[150],"0h":[151],"post-,":[152,154],"2h":[153],"24h":[156,240],"post-intervention.":[157],"Samples":[158],"assayed":[160],"for":[161,303],"CCL11,":[162,202],"CCL2,":[163,203],"IL-10,":[165],"which":[166],"are":[167],"have":[171],"shown":[172],"upregulate":[174],"following":[175],"brain":[177],"injury.":[178],"longitudinal":[180],"data":[183,299],"analyzed":[185],"using":[186],"mixed-effect":[187],"regression":[188],"models.":[189],"Results:":[190],"There":[191],"no":[193],"significant":[194,225],"differences":[196],"changes":[199,318],"IL-10":[205],"post-intervention":[208,241],"time":[209,228,315],"points":[210],"compared":[212,275],"pre-intervention":[214],"baseline.":[215],"within":[217],"group,":[220],"was":[222],"statistically":[224],"interaction":[226],"between":[227],"years":[230],"experience":[234],"CCL11":[237,283],"(2.0":[242],"pg/mL":[243],"per":[244],"single":[246],"year":[247],"experience,":[251],"95%":[252],"CI:":[253],"0.8,":[254],"3.1,":[255],"p":[256],"=":[257],"0.001).":[258],"Conclusions:":[259],"Ten":[260],"headings":[262],"did":[263],"modulate":[265],"three":[271],"against":[276],"group.":[279],"may":[285],"influenced":[287],"by":[288],"duration":[290],"prior":[292],"Our":[298],"provide":[300],"precedent":[302],"future":[304],"field":[305],"studies":[306],"prospectively":[308],"track":[309],"impact":[311],"course":[316],"circulating":[320],"CCL11.":[321]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}