{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4252644058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2004.613","title":"Recruitment and Discharge Patterns of Single Motor Units During Speech Production","display_name":"Recruitment and Discharge Patterns of Single Motor Units During Speech Production","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4252644058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2004.613"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1044/jshr.2004.613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2004.613","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2004.613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184872","display_name":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research","issn_l":"0022-4685","issn":["0022-4685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089917587","display_name":"Harvey Martin Sussman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harvey M. Sussman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112196253","display_name":"Peter F. MacNeilage","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter F. MacNeilage","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102765207","display_name":"Randall K. Powers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-5583","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-5583"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randall K. Powers","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6954,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8473376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"4","first_page":"613","last_page":"630"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10863","display_name":"Voice and Speech Disorders","score":0.040800001472234726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.015300000086426735,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-unit-recruitment","display_name":"motor unit recruitment","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-unit-firing-patterns","display_name":"motor unit firing patterns","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-production","display_name":"speech production","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digastric-muscle","display_name":"digastric muscle","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/size-principle","display_name":"size principle","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isometric-force","display_name":"isometric force","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandibular-movement","display_name":"mandibular movement","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-unit-discharge-rate","display_name":"motor unit discharge rate","score":0.44600000977516174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103486182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1216236","display_name":"Isometric exercise","level":2,"score":0.7714945077896118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575399","display_name":"Speech production","level":2,"score":0.5738745331764221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781425072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1889028","display_name":"Motor unit","level":2,"score":0.5496014356613159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779767645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5281607","display_name":"Mandible (arthropod mouthpart)","level":3,"score":0.5331900119781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.526783287525177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.5190580487251282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.4221712350845337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3715148866176605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.36658909916877747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.36148980259895325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3352275788784027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.334129273891449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.28855130076408386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.25874096155166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2545337677001953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.17757537961006165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.17340683937072754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09030964970588684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08757016062736511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157369684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34740","display_name":"Genus","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1044/jshr.2004.613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2004.613","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2004.613","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184872","display_name":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research","issn_l":"0022-4685","issn":["0022-4685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984871303","https://openalex.org/W2990227162","https://openalex.org/W1972414607","https://openalex.org/W1488031086","https://openalex.org/W2036157931","https://openalex.org/W2059532365","https://openalex.org/W306369351","https://openalex.org/W7223597491","https://openalex.org/W2991436705","https://openalex.org/W2331325413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recruitment":[0],"and":[1,84,93,133,149,161,173,175,180,186,188],"discharge":[2,131,158,182],"patterns":[3],"of":[4,13,39,50,73,76,135,151,156,159,165,170,177,184,190],"single":[5],"motor":[6,81],"units":[7,44,55],"(MUs)":[8],"in":[9,19,36,58,102,112],"the":[10,61,166,178,191],"anterior":[11],"belly":[12],"digastric":[14],"were":[15,56,105,138],"studied":[16,78],"during":[17,79],"speech":[18,116],"three":[20,77],"subjects,":[21],"using":[22],"electrodes":[23],"facilitating":[24],"selective":[25],"recording":[26],"at":[27,123],"high":[28,124],"force":[29,86,125],"levels.":[30,126],"Fixed":[31],"recruitment":[32,144],"order":[33],"was":[34,68],"observed":[35],"over":[37],"99%":[38],"all":[40],"comparisons.":[41],"Later":[42],"recruited":[43,71,99],"invariably":[45],"possessed":[46],"muscle":[47],"action":[48],"potentials":[49],"higher":[51],"amplitude,":[52],"suggesting":[53],"that":[54,69],"activated":[57],"accordance":[59],"with":[60,115],"\u201csize":[62],"principle.\u201d":[63],"Additional":[64],"evidence":[65],"for":[66],"this":[67,103],"later":[70],"units,":[72],"a":[74],"set":[75,104],"speech,":[80],"unit":[82],"training,":[83],"isometric":[85],"ramps,":[87],"showed":[88],"greater":[89,94],"sensitivity":[90],"to":[91,109,119,147],"input,":[92],"dynamic":[95],"range":[96],"than":[97,118],"earlier":[98],"units.":[100],"Units":[101],"much":[106],"more":[107],"sensitive":[108],"rapid":[110],"changes":[111],"input":[113],"associated":[114],"gestures":[117],"static":[120],"activation":[121],"even":[122],"Several":[127],"significant":[128],"relations":[129,141],"between":[130,142],"characteristics":[132],"aspects":[134],"movement":[136],"dynamics":[137],"observed,":[139],"including":[140],"(1)":[143],"interval":[145],"(MU1":[146],"MU3)":[148],"latency":[150],"mandibular":[152],"lowering,":[153],"(2)":[154],"onset":[155],"initial":[157],"MU1":[160],"relative":[162],"mechanical":[163],"advantage":[164],"mandible,":[167,179],"(3)":[168],"number":[169],"MUs":[171],"active":[172],"velocity":[174,187],"displacement":[176,189],"(4)":[181],"rate":[183],"MU3":[185],"mandible.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}