{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4252249496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/645890","title":"Bacillus Species","display_name":"Bacillus Species","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4252249496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/645890","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3139745"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/645890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/645890","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/645890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129764719","display_name":"Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology","issn_l":"0899-823X","issn":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection Control &amp; Hospital Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033818354","display_name":"David J. Weber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8824-1110","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8824-1110"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123841","display_name":"University of North Carolina Hospitals","ror":"https://ror.org/0355zfr67","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333535994","https://openalex.org/I4210123841"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David J. Weber","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina School of Medicine North Carolina Memorial Hospital","Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, and Department of Hospital Epidemiology, North Carolina Memorial Hospital, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina School of Medicine North Carolina Memorial Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123841"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, and Department of Hospital Epidemiology, North Carolina Memorial Hospital, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109232786","display_name":"William A. Rutala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4635-8709","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4635-8709"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123841","display_name":"University of North Carolina Hospitals","ror":"https://ror.org/0355zfr67","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333535994","https://openalex.org/I4210123841"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William A. Rutala","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina School of Medicine North Carolina Memorial Hospital","Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, and Department of Hospital Epidemiology, North Carolina Memorial Hospital, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina School of Medicine North Carolina Memorial Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123841"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, and Department of Hospital Epidemiology, North Carolina Memorial Hospital, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033818354"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177","https://openalex.org/I4210123841"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0429,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10015175,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"8","first_page":"368","last_page":"373"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11000","display_name":"Infection Control in Healthcare","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus","display_name":"Bacillus","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus-anthracis","display_name":"Bacillus anthracis","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthrax","display_name":"anthrax","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus-cereus","display_name":"Bacillus cereus","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opportunistic-pathogens","display_name":"opportunistic pathogens","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-outbreak","display_name":"hospital outbreak","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nosocomial-infections","display_name":"nosocomial infections","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spore-forming-bacteria","display_name":"spore-forming bacteria","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastroenteritis","display_name":"gastroenteritis","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-infections","display_name":"skin infections","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-infection","display_name":"pulmonary infection","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infection-transmission","display_name":"infection transmission","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-characteristics","display_name":"clinical features","score":0.5979999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777118263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131307","display_name":"Bacillus cereus","level":3,"score":0.8035483360290527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776870249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149128","display_name":"Bacilli","level":3,"score":0.7896069288253784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.7106059193611145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780239966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614156","display_name":"Bacillus anthracis","level":3,"score":0.6362707614898682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779150676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2091405","display_name":"Bacillus (shape)","level":2,"score":0.6197549104690552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780373777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5317148","display_name":"Cereus","level":4,"score":0.6123898029327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53162352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243748","display_name":"Bacteriology","level":3,"score":0.5658409595489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5547003746032715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5226007103919983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776460866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170065","display_name":"Pathogen","level":2,"score":0.5049646496772766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24527192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17149729","display_name":"Human pathogen","level":3,"score":0.44668588042259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.2701050043106079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001407","descriptor_name":"Bacillus","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001407","descriptor_name":"Bacillus","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001408","descriptor_name":"Bacillus anthracis","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001409","descriptor_name":"Bacillus cereus","qualifier_ui":"Q000472","qualifier_name":"pathogenicity","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003428","descriptor_name":"Cross Infection","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009894","descriptor_name":"Opportunistic Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/645890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/645890","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/645890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129764719","display_name":"Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology","issn_l":"0899-823X","issn":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection Control &amp; Hospital Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/30145465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/30145465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/30145465","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129764719","display_name":"Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology","issn_l":"0899-823X","issn":["0899-823X","1559-6834"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3139745","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3139745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection control and hospital epidemiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5277148","https://openalex.org/W107093915","https://openalex.org/W188114772","https://openalex.org/W339420876","https://openalex.org/W1511091907","https://openalex.org/W1522796652","https://openalex.org/W1842411664","https://openalex.org/W1966275562","https://openalex.org/W1968784055","https://openalex.org/W1970651230","https://openalex.org/W1979584417","https://openalex.org/W1980698657","https://openalex.org/W1981053674","https://openalex.org/W1984927451","https://openalex.org/W1989362753","https://openalex.org/W1992073729","https://openalex.org/W1992594434","https://openalex.org/W1993537487","https://openalex.org/W1999175296","https://openalex.org/W2004989390","https://openalex.org/W2007996276","https://openalex.org/W2014539733","https://openalex.org/W2014772070","https://openalex.org/W2016175929","https://openalex.org/W2020400938","https://openalex.org/W2021126701","https://openalex.org/W2022736922","https://openalex.org/W2022779021","https://openalex.org/W2023380200","https://openalex.org/W2025991302","https://openalex.org/W2029240726","https://openalex.org/W2033030014","https://openalex.org/W2038377028","https://openalex.org/W2042590563","https://openalex.org/W2051572035","https://openalex.org/W2056808311","https://openalex.org/W2059180024","https://openalex.org/W2065468377","https://openalex.org/W2065757757","https://openalex.org/W2074534242","https://openalex.org/W2074728524","https://openalex.org/W2074794566","https://openalex.org/W2075999996","https://openalex.org/W2079979394","https://openalex.org/W2084772345","https://openalex.org/W2085846307","https://openalex.org/W2086624775","https://openalex.org/W2087792055","https://openalex.org/W2091844908","https://openalex.org/W2096489033","https://openalex.org/W2107045584","https://openalex.org/W2109226264","https://openalex.org/W2117040360","https://openalex.org/W2118054736","https://openalex.org/W2123566933","https://openalex.org/W2136645157","https://openalex.org/W2143659654","https://openalex.org/W2160721964","https://openalex.org/W2172609306","https://openalex.org/W2189240664","https://openalex.org/W2316092506","https://openalex.org/W2316751883","https://openalex.org/W2319228669","https://openalex.org/W2322790545","https://openalex.org/W2330214703","https://openalex.org/W2333739362","https://openalex.org/W2340984916","https://openalex.org/W2343547841","https://openalex.org/W2399109179","https://openalex.org/W2401008412","https://openalex.org/W2405264599","https://openalex.org/W2419176318","https://openalex.org/W2419233735","https://openalex.org/W2421772932","https://openalex.org/W2462099740","https://openalex.org/W2465763222","https://openalex.org/W2470028701","https://openalex.org/W2473268889","https://openalex.org/W2476042742","https://openalex.org/W4205170784","https://openalex.org/W4231597303","https://openalex.org/W4251297585","https://openalex.org/W4302438085","https://openalex.org/W6687483722"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4231154110","https://openalex.org/W4211066998","https://openalex.org/W4233898599","https://openalex.org/W7167592436","https://openalex.org/W5091537","https://openalex.org/W2805682308","https://openalex.org/W4230501963","https://openalex.org/W2247002391","https://openalex.org/W2477222756","https://openalex.org/W4250179034"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"genus":[1],"Bacillus":[2,56,84],"is":[3,18,24,70],"a":[4,39,73],"diverse":[5],"group":[6],"of":[7,16,26,32,42,76,83],"gram-positive,":[8],"spore-forming":[9],"aerobic":[10],"bacilli.":[11],"B":[12,37,52],"anthracis,":[13],"the":[14,33,65,77],"agent":[15],"anthrax,":[17],"primarily":[19],"an":[20],"animal":[21],"pathogen":[22],"but":[23],"capable":[25],"causing":[27],"human":[28],"infection,":[29],"most":[30],"commonly":[31],"skin":[34],"or":[35],"lungs.":[36],"cereus,":[38],"well-recognized":[40],"cause":[41,46],"gastroenteritis,":[43],"may":[44],"occasionally":[45],"epidemics":[47,88],"in":[48,64],"health":[49],"institutions.":[50],"Both":[51],"cereus":[53],"and":[54,81,89],"other":[55],"species":[57],"are":[58],"increasingly":[59],"recognized":[60],"as":[61,72],"opportunistic":[62],"pathogens":[63],"hospitalized":[66],"patient.":[67],"This":[68],"report":[69],"intended":[71],"comprehensive":[74],"review":[75],"bacteriology,":[78],"clinical":[79],"features,":[80],"therapy":[82],"spp":[85],"infections.":[86],"Nosocomial":[87],"transmission":[90],"will":[91],"be":[92],"highlighted.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
