{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4250869111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100004241","title":"Immersion education: applicability for nonvernacular teaching to vernacular speakers","display_name":"Immersion education: applicability for nonvernacular teaching to vernacular speakers","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4250869111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100004241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0272263100004241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100004241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100004241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84027950","display_name":"Studies in Second Language Acquisition","issn_l":"0272-2631","issn":["0272-2631","1470-1545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Second Language Acquisition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111993186","display_name":"Merrill Swain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Merrill Swain","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111993186"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61749746,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.5468999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.5468999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12542","display_name":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","score":0.43309998512268066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.016100000590085983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-immersion","display_name":"language immersion","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-minorities","display_name":"linguistic minorities","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-language-instruction","display_name":"first language instruction","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilingual-education","display_name":"bilingual education","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-acquisition","display_name":"second language acquisition","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-minority-education","display_name":"language minority education","score":0.5299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199068039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574523","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7314521670341492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780386941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1036511","display_name":"Vernacular","level":2,"score":0.6608601212501526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776590019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4492491","display_name":"French immersion","level":2,"score":0.5109094977378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.47166454792022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.47006210684776306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123960582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455196","display_name":"Language education","level":2,"score":0.44763219356536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233107","display_name":"Bilingual education","level":2,"score":0.4354351758956909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.4080219864845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3958815932273865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.364162802696228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10672542452812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07476446032524109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0272263100004241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100004241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100004241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84027950","display_name":"Studies in Second Language Acquisition","issn_l":"0272-2631","issn":["0272-2631","1470-1545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Second Language Acquisition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9901999831199646,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21033626","https://openalex.org/W110802701","https://openalex.org/W200963506","https://openalex.org/W220640814","https://openalex.org/W284995236","https://openalex.org/W1583979844","https://openalex.org/W1828880549","https://openalex.org/W1966103688","https://openalex.org/W1970278495","https://openalex.org/W1972066233","https://openalex.org/W1978698153","https://openalex.org/W1994316333","https://openalex.org/W2003221518","https://openalex.org/W2034788482","https://openalex.org/W2044321477","https://openalex.org/W2062766174","https://openalex.org/W2063654475","https://openalex.org/W2072404599","https://openalex.org/W2075420811","https://openalex.org/W2089324066","https://openalex.org/W2093026189","https://openalex.org/W2116095504","https://openalex.org/W2133631861","https://openalex.org/W2168114413","https://openalex.org/W2507704800","https://openalex.org/W2795436010","https://openalex.org/W4254369193"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2154174190","https://openalex.org/W4226354800","https://openalex.org/W7074687319","https://openalex.org/W1979009674","https://openalex.org/W2989660812","https://openalex.org/W7101053238","https://openalex.org/W2491759133","https://openalex.org/W4244012676","https://openalex.org/W2372120486","https://openalex.org/W1944280926"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"characteristics":[1],"of":[2,23,38],"\u201cimmersion\u201d":[3],"education":[4,40,57],"as":[5],"it":[6],"is":[7,31,58],"practised":[8],"in":[9,14,21,54,59,66],"Canadian":[10],"contexts":[11],"are":[12,19],"described":[13],"this":[15],"paper.":[16],"Immersion":[17],"programs":[18],"outlined":[20],"terms":[22],"their":[24],"background,":[25],"structure,":[26],"methodology,":[27],"and":[28,63,70],"outcomes.":[29],"It":[30],"suggested":[32],"that":[33],"to":[34],"achieve":[35],"the":[36,60,68],"outcomes":[37],"immersion":[39],"found":[41],"for":[42],"majority":[43],"language":[44,48],"groups,":[45],"some":[46],"minority":[47],"groups":[49],"may":[50],"require":[51],"a":[52],"program":[53],"which":[55,64],"initial":[56],"first":[61,69],"language,":[62],"continues":[65],"both":[67],"second":[71],"languages.":[72]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}