{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4250601747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00002371-199803000-00001","title":"Activated \u03b12-Macroglobulin Reverses the Immunosuppressive Activity in Human Breast Cancer Cell-Conditioned Medium by Selectively Neutralizing Transforming Growth Factor-\u03b2 in the Presence of Interleukin-2","display_name":"Activated \u03b12-Macroglobulin Reverses the Immunosuppressive Activity in Human Breast Cancer Cell-Conditioned Medium by Selectively Neutralizing Transforming Growth Factor-\u03b2 in the Presence of Interleukin-2","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4250601747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00002371-199803000-00001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00002371-199803000-00001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00002371-199803000-00001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00002371-199803000-00001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177451610","display_name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","issn_l":"1524-9557","issn":["1524-9557","1537-4513"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065544933","display_name":"Nancy L. Harthun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nancy L. Harthun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Surgery, Pathology, and Biochemistry. University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Chartottesville, Virginia, U.SA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Surgery, Pathology, and Biochemistry. University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Chartottesville, Virginia, U.SA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033934751","display_name":"Alissa M. Weaver","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4096-8636","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4096-8636"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alissa M. Weaver","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071521607","display_name":"Laurence H. Brinckerhoff","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurence H. Brinckerhoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109690493","display_name":"Donna H. Deacon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donna H. Deacon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090569056","display_name":"Steven L. Gonias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0843-4607","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0843-4607"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven L. Gonias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090865977","display_name":"Craig Lee Slingluff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-4373","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-4373"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig L. Slingluff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065544933"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0969,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38804169,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"85","last_page":"94"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11501","display_name":"TGF-\u03b2 signaling in diseases","score":0.8916000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11501","display_name":"TGF-\u03b2 signaling in diseases","score":0.8916000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.02410000003874302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10620","display_name":"Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms","score":0.02160000056028366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-2-macroglobulin","display_name":"alpha2-macroglobulin","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transforming-growth-factor-beta","display_name":"TGF-beta","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-2","display_name":"interleukin-2","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"breast cancer","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-conditioned-medium","display_name":"tumor-conditioned medium","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppression","display_name":"immunosuppression","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-killer-cells","display_name":"natural killer cells","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lymphokine-activated-killer-cells","display_name":"lymphokine-activated killer cells","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxic-t-lymphocytes","display_name":"cytotoxic T lymphocytes","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-neutralization","display_name":"cytokine neutralization","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malignant-ascites","display_name":"malignant ascites","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hla-a-0201","display_name":"HLA-A*0201","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-immunology","display_name":"tumor immunology","score":0.37700000405311584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49382859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286498","display_name":"Lymphokine","level":3,"score":0.7145669460296631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154317977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266","display_name":"Cytotoxic T cell","level":3,"score":0.5539782643318176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777371288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410130","display_name":"Interleukin 2","level":3,"score":0.5122453570365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5060574412345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4787040054798126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182615771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369386","display_name":"Lytic cycle","level":3,"score":0.47321242094039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.4692910611629486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.4630110263824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.46101605892181396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28651165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4259786","display_name":"Lymphokine-activated killer cell","level":5,"score":0.44115638732910156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147969180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014579","display_name":"CTL*","level":4,"score":0.43946802616119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.41625499725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.3457808792591095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.2697700560092926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.2595028281211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129374314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909381","display_name":"Interleukin 21","level":4,"score":0.17230260372161865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.08548608422279358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167672396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417800","display_name":"CD8","level":3,"score":0.0637359619140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00002371-199803000-00001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00002371-199803000-00001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00002371-199803000-00001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177451610","display_name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","issn_l":"1524-9557","issn":["1524-9557","1537-4513"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Immunotherapy","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980367517","https://openalex.org/W2443720776","https://openalex.org/W1992555706","https://openalex.org/W2997837937","https://openalex.org/W7043613634","https://openalex.org/W2000833492","https://openalex.org/W1781965212","https://openalex.org/W2178266085","https://openalex.org/W2082200724","https://openalex.org/W2006560797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,232],"immunosuppressive":[1,94,212,238],"activity":[2,55,95,173,201,213,222,229],"of":[3,61,125,132,150,174,180,198,210,219,230,234,269],"tumor":[4],"cells":[5],"may":[6],"be":[7],"mediated":[8],"by":[9,107,142],"tumor-derived":[10],"cytokines":[11,239],"such":[12],"as":[13,259],"transforming":[14],"growth":[15],"factor-\u03b2":[16],"(TGF-\u03b2)":[17],"and":[18,50,56,76,112,127,136,194,248,272],"interleukin-10":[19],"(EL-10).":[20],"A":[21],"human":[22,117],"breast":[23,241],"cancer":[24,242],"celt":[25],"line":[26],"derived":[27],"from":[28],"malignant":[29],"ascites":[30],"(BRC":[31],"173)":[32],"secreted":[33],"TGF-\u03b2,":[34],"but":[35],"not":[36],"IL-10,":[37],"into":[38],"tissue":[39],"culture":[40,190],"supernatant":[41],"(TCS).":[42],"BRC":[43,97,128,166],"173":[44,98,129,167],"TCS":[45,157,168,243],"suppressed":[46,170],"natural":[47],"killer":[48,52],"(NK)":[49],"lymphokine-activated":[51],"(LAK)":[53],"cell":[54,138],"also":[57],"blocked":[58],"the":[59,83,93,123,143,171,175,178,188,199,211,215,220,228,267],"generation":[60],"HLA-A*0201-restricted":[62],"tumor-reactive":[63],"cytotoxic":[64],"T-lymphocyte":[65],"(CTL)":[66],"lines":[67],"in":[68,82,96,122,154,177,214,240,246],"vitro.":[69],"Human":[70],"\u03b12-macroglobulin":[71],"(\u03b12M),":[72],"a":[73,196,260],"plasma":[74],"protein":[75],"cytokine":[77,262],"carrier":[78],"that":[79,254],"binds":[80],"isoforms":[81],"TGF-\u03b2":[84],"family,":[85],"was":[86,101,145,185,202,244],"tested":[87],"for":[88,162],"its":[89,104],"ability":[90,233],"to":[91,103,187,236,264],"neutralize":[92],"TCS.":[99,130],"\u03b12M":[100,256],"converted":[102],"activated":[105,255],"conformation":[106],"reaction":[108],"with":[109,115,192],"methylamine":[110],"(\u03b12M-MA)":[111],"then":[113],"incubated":[114],"normal":[116],"peripheral":[118],"blood":[119],"lymphocytes":[120],"(PBL)":[121],"presence":[124,179],"IL-2":[126,193],"Lysis":[131],"NK":[133],"targets":[134,139],"(K562)":[135],"LAK":[137],"(DM6":[140],"melanoma)":[141],"PBL":[144,152,176,189],"examined":[146],"after":[147],"6":[148],"days":[149],"culture.":[151],"cultured":[153],"IL-2,":[155],"without":[156,223],"or":[158],"\u03b12M-MA,":[159],"were":[160],"lytic":[161,172,200,221],"both":[163],"target":[164],"cells.":[165],"substantially":[169],"IL-2.":[181,231],"When":[182],"TGF-\u03b2-neutralizing":[183],"antibody":[184],"added":[186],"medium":[191],"TCS,":[195,216],"majority":[197],"restored.":[203],"\u03b12M-MA":[204,235],"(280":[205],"nM)":[206],"neutralized":[207],"almost":[208],"all":[209],"restoring":[217],"80\u2013100%":[218],"any":[224],"apparent":[225],"effect":[226],"on":[227],"counteract":[237],"evident":[245],"serum-containing":[247],"serum-free":[249],"medium.":[250],"These":[251],"studies":[252],"demonstrate":[253],"can":[257],"function":[258],"selective":[261],"neutralizer":[263],"thereby":[265],"promote":[266],"activation":[268],"NK,":[270],"LAK,":[271],"tumor-specific":[273],"CTL":[274],"responses.":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}