{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4249119344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","title":"The Evening Commute with Cars and Transit: Duality Results and User Equilibrium for the Combined Morning and Evening Peaks","display_name":"The Evening Commute with Cars and Transit: Duality Results and User Equilibrium for the Combined Morning and Evening Peaks","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4249119344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104917558","display_name":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences","issn_l":"1877-0428","issn":["1877-0428"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030914766","display_name":"Eric J. Gonzales","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4389-242X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4389-242X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric J. Gonzales","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046475090","display_name":"Carlos F. Daganzo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos F. Daganzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4390507,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"80","issue":null,"first_page":"249","last_page":"265"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-equilibrium","display_name":"user equilibrium","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-optimum","display_name":"system optimum","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duality","display_name":"duality","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queueing-delay","display_name":"queuing delay","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymmetric-equilibrium","display_name":"asymmetric equilibria","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode-choice","display_name":"mode choice","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travel-time-minimization","display_name":"travel time minimization","score":0.4059999883174896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776476923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7725","display_name":"Evening","level":2,"score":0.9640285968780518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19720800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7722","display_name":"Morning","level":2,"score":0.8777401447296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778022998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q651136","display_name":"Transit (satellite)","level":3,"score":0.6244064569473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554403","display_name":"Duality (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.4293041229248047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.36941084265708923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3233853280544281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30354630947113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24401557445526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2300591766834259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.15588992834091187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.1031942367553711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.07881322503089905}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104917558","display_name":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences","issn_l":"1877-0428","issn":["1877-0428"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.05.015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104917558","display_name":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences","issn_l":"1877-0428","issn":["1877-0428"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.875,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967032104","https://openalex.org/W2003745438","https://openalex.org/W2029854284","https://openalex.org/W2031469504","https://openalex.org/W2054603518","https://openalex.org/W2063461053","https://openalex.org/W2064765430","https://openalex.org/W2088437565","https://openalex.org/W2090953327","https://openalex.org/W2108260321","https://openalex.org/W2121151285","https://openalex.org/W2122038447","https://openalex.org/W2149160895","https://openalex.org/W2161367797","https://openalex.org/W2172302361","https://openalex.org/W2249894645"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003745438","https://openalex.org/W2111160414","https://openalex.org/W7098036041","https://openalex.org/W2108260321","https://openalex.org/W7171654814","https://openalex.org/W2583921542","https://openalex.org/W2037953163","https://openalex.org/W2103889306","https://openalex.org/W2626234060","https://openalex.org/W2088437565"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,35,169],"extends":[2],"Vickrey's":[3],"(1969)":[4],"commute":[5],"problem":[6],"for":[7,14,74,91,179,243],"commuters":[8,42,225,247,259,282,313],"wishing":[9],"to":[10,26,46,52,56,60,84,100,221,238,270],"pass":[11],"a":[12,77,180,196,216,262,273],"bottleneck":[13,183],"both":[15,172,232,301],"cars":[16,279,315],"and":[17,54,72,82,85,95,117,120,133,146,156,175,204,212,255,257,280,291,303,316,318],"transit":[18,317,328],"that":[19,139,189,208],"share":[20,190],"finite":[21],"road":[22],"capacity.":[23],"In":[24],"addition":[25],"this":[27],"more":[28],"general":[29],"framework":[30],"considering":[31],"two":[32,244],"modes,":[33],"the":[34,38,62,92,104,108,111,115,121,125,128,131,140,144,157,162,165,173,191,201,228,240,253,284,289,297,304,310,319,322],"focuses":[36],"on":[37],"evening":[39,96,126,147,176,205,292],"rush,":[40],"when":[41,55,269,327],"travel":[43,57,226],"from":[44,76,86],"work":[45,261],"home.":[47],"Commuters":[48,294],"choose":[49],"which":[50,224],"mode":[51,182,299],"use":[53,296],"in":[58,107,124,143,223,227,231,252,288,300,321],"order":[59,230,287],"minimize":[61],"generalized":[63],"cost":[64],"of":[65,80,200,312,324],"their":[66],"own":[67],"trips,":[68],"including":[69],"queueing":[70,152],"delay":[71,153],"penalties":[73],"deviation":[75],"preferred":[78],"schedule":[79,105,122,197,250],"arrival":[81,132,159,206],"departure":[83,116,166,203],"work.":[87],"The":[88,168,234],"user":[89,217,241,306],"equilibrium":[90,218,242,307],"isolated":[93],"morning":[94,109,145,174,202,254,290],"commutes":[97],"are":[98,149,161],"shown":[99,138,220],"be":[101],"asymmetric":[102],"because":[103,151],"penalty":[106,123,198],"is":[110,127,137,154,209,219,236,276,329],"differ-":[112],"ence":[113],"between":[114,130],"wished":[118,134,193,286],"curves,":[119],"difference":[129],"curves.":[135,167],"It":[136],"system":[141],"optimum":[142],"peaks":[148,177],"symmetric":[150],"eliminated":[155],"optimal":[158],"curves":[160],"same":[163,192,229,285,298],"as":[164],"then":[170],"considers":[171],"together":[178],"single":[181],"(all":[184],"cars)":[185],"with":[186,278],"identical":[187],"travelers":[188],"times.":[194],"For":[195],"function":[199],"times":[207],"positive":[210],"definite":[211],"has":[213],"certain":[214],"properties,":[215],"exist":[222],"peaks.":[233,293],"result":[235],"used":[237],"illustrate":[239],"cases:":[245],"(i)":[246],"have":[248,267,283],"decoupled":[249],"preferences":[251],"evening,":[256],"(ii)":[258],"must":[260,295],"fixed":[263],"shift":[264],"length":[265],"but":[266],"flexibility":[268],"start.":[271],"Finally,":[272],"special":[274],"case":[275],"considered":[277],"transit:":[281],"directions,":[302],"complete":[305],"solution":[308],"reveals":[309],"number":[311],"using":[314],"period":[320],"middle":[323],"each":[325],"rush":[326],"used.":[330]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
