{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4248317473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/9781878289964.ch006","title":"Virtual Private Networks","display_name":"Virtual Private Networks","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4248317473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/9781878289964.ch006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4018/9781878289964.ch006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/9781878289964.ch006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/9781878289964.ch006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463409","display_name":"IGI Global eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Managing Telecommunications and Networking Technologies in the 21st Century","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4243580630","display_name":"Managing Telecommunications and Networking Technologies in the 21st Century"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029426557","display_name":"Ping Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9683-1989","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9683-1989"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046464686","display_name":"Kalle Lyytinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3352-5343","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3352-5343"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kalle Lyytinen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7491,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96791094,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13983","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Information Systems","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13983","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Information Systems","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14455","display_name":"Technology and Education Systems","score":0.006399999838322401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-private-networks","display_name":"virtual private networks","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vpn-technology","display_name":"VPN technology","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-commerce","display_name":"e-commerce","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-reduction","display_name":"cost reduction","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vpn-implementation","display_name":"VPN implementation","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-adoption","display_name":"technology adoption","score":0.42399999499320984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117387248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11186","display_name":"Private network","level":2,"score":0.8127356767654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.7635707259178162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.750300407409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5906493663787842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4360513687133789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4108527898788452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3827498257160187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.367972195148468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.35809326171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3514249920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.06668704748153687}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4018/9781878289964.ch006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4018/9781878289964.ch006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4018/9781878289964.ch006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463409","display_name":"IGI Global eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320424","host_organization_name":"IGI Global","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320424"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IGI Global"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Managing Telecommunications and Networking Technologies in the 21st Century","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120447654","https://openalex.org/W2977179488","https://openalex.org/W2144453115","https://openalex.org/W2744553356","https://openalex.org/W2128223750","https://openalex.org/W4238532390","https://openalex.org/W2188872161","https://openalex.org/W2961779879","https://openalex.org/W797688974","https://openalex.org/W2002978035"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"VPN":[0,58],"development":[1,50],"has":[2],"been":[3],"driven":[4],"by":[5],"the":[6,12,28,31,49,69],"rapid":[7],"growth":[8],"of":[9,15,25,39,53,73],"Internet":[10],"access,":[11],"critical":[13],"mass":[14],"companies":[16],"with":[17],"a":[18,45],"Web":[19],"presence":[20],"or":[21],"conducting":[22],"some":[23],"form":[24],"e-commerce":[26],"over":[27],"Internet,":[29],"and":[30,51,60,63,71],"great":[32],"concern":[33],"for":[34],"saving":[35],"money.":[36],"The":[37],"objectives":[38],"this":[40,81],"chapter":[41],"are":[42],"to":[43,79],"provide":[44],"brief":[46],"background":[47],"on":[48],"technology":[52],"VPNs,":[54],"describe":[55],"several":[56],"current":[57],"implementations":[59],"their":[61],"impacts,":[62],"discuss":[64],"key":[65],"management":[66],"issues":[67],"surrounding":[68],"adoption":[70],"implementation":[72],"VPNs.Request":[74],"access":[75],"from":[76],"your":[77],"librarian":[78],"read":[80],"chapter's":[82],"full":[83],"text.":[84]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}