{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4247547520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451977028.001","title":"Private Investment in Developing Countries","display_name":"Private Investment in Developing Countries","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4247547520","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451977028.001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5089/9781451977028.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451977028.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451977028.001","pdf_url":"https://www.elibrary.imf.org/downloadpdf/journals/001/1990/040/001.1990.issue-040-en.xml","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171147","display_name":"IMF Working Paper","issn_l":"1018-5941","issn":["1018-5941","2227-8885"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316166","host_organization_name":"International Monetary Fund","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316166","https://openalex.org/P4310321776"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Monetary Fund","United Nations"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IMF Working Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.elibrary.imf.org/downloadpdf/journals/001/1990/040/001.1990.issue-040-en.xml","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002382626","display_name":"International Monetary Fund","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"International Monetary Fund","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002382626"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4615,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92412861,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"1990","issue":"040","first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.5005000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.5005000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":0.28610000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11770","display_name":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","score":0.06729999929666519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-investment","display_name":"private investment","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment-to-gdp-ratio","display_name":"investment-to-GDP ratio","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-investment","display_name":"public investment","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"economic growth","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domestic-inflation","display_name":"domestic inflation","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debt-service-ratio","display_name":"debt service ratio","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debt-to-gdp-ratio","display_name":"debt-to-GDP ratio","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-interest-rates","display_name":"real interest rates","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debt-overhang","display_name":"debt overhang","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debt-crisis","display_name":"debt crisis","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroeconomic-determinants-of-investment","display_name":"macroeconomic determinants of investment","score":0.7760000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.5592982769012451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5270516872406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5219963788986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3627985715866089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.14910486340522766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.12508445978164673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5089/9781451977028.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451977028.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451977028.001","pdf_url":"https://www.elibrary.imf.org/downloadpdf/journals/001/1990/040/001.1990.issue-040-en.xml","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171147","display_name":"IMF Working Paper","issn_l":"1018-5941","issn":["1018-5941","2227-8885"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316166","host_organization_name":"International Monetary Fund","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316166","https://openalex.org/P4310321776"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Monetary Fund","United Nations"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IMF Working Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:imf:imfwpa:1990/040","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/cat/longres.aspx?sk=27274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033722260","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/14272-9781451977028/14272-9781451977028/14272-9781451977028.xml","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5089/9781451977028.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451977028.001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451977028.001","pdf_url":"https://www.elibrary.imf.org/downloadpdf/journals/001/1990/040/001.1990.issue-040-en.xml","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210171147","display_name":"IMF Working Paper","issn_l":"1018-5941","issn":["1018-5941","2227-8885"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316166","host_organization_name":"International Monetary Fund","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316166","https://openalex.org/P4310321776"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Monetary Fund","United Nations"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IMF Working Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7257999777793884}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5400000214576721}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4247547520.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4247547520.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496803301","https://openalex.org/W1503694661","https://openalex.org/W1538586208","https://openalex.org/W1547520969","https://openalex.org/W1563720526","https://openalex.org/W1591899186","https://openalex.org/W2007540180","https://openalex.org/W2038927308","https://openalex.org/W2056350205","https://openalex.org/W2064274795","https://openalex.org/W2069477255","https://openalex.org/W2083179788","https://openalex.org/W2097171695","https://openalex.org/W2333315013","https://openalex.org/W2764940861","https://openalex.org/W3124291829","https://openalex.org/W3125578977","https://openalex.org/W3125791640","https://openalex.org/W4206586826","https://openalex.org/W4289884898","https://openalex.org/W7000137097"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2041585339","https://openalex.org/W2118942163","https://openalex.org/W7137737187","https://openalex.org/W2997264812","https://openalex.org/W4399126385","https://openalex.org/W615252979","https://openalex.org/W3165359438","https://openalex.org/W2181755124","https://openalex.org/W4393071902","https://openalex.org/W3087216397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"analyzes":[2],"the":[3,13,33,36,41,50,64,78,82,98,108,111,117],"effects":[4],"of":[5,15,28,43,54,66,100,110,122],"several":[6],"policy":[7],"and":[8,59,85],"other":[9],"macro-economic":[10],"variables":[11,102],"on":[12],"ratio":[14,119],"private":[16,44],"investment":[17,45],"to":[18,49,60,75],"GDP":[19],"in":[20,114],"developing":[21,30],"countries.":[22],"Using":[23],"data":[24],"for":[25],"a":[26,61,104,123],"sample":[27],"23":[29],"countries":[31],"over":[32],"period":[34],"1975-87,":[35],"econometric":[37],"evidence":[38],"indicates":[39],"that":[40,95],"rate":[42,53],"is":[46,72,91],"positively":[47],"related":[48,74],"real":[51,87],"growth":[52],"GDP,":[55,69],"public":[56],"sector":[57],"investment,":[58],"lesser":[62],"extent":[63],"level":[65],"per":[67],"capita":[68],"while":[70,116],"it":[71],"negatively":[73],"domestic":[76],"inflation,":[77],"debt":[79,112,125],"service":[80],"ratio,":[81,84],"debt-to-GDP":[83,118],"high":[86],"interest":[88],"rates.":[89],"There":[90],"also":[92],"some":[93],"indication":[94],"all":[96],"but":[97],"last":[99],"these":[101],"had":[103],"greater":[105],"impact":[106],"before":[107],"onset":[109],"crisis":[113],"1982,":[115],"(a":[120],"measure":[121],"country\u2019s":[124],"overhang)":[126],"has":[127],"become":[128],"more":[129],"important":[130],"since":[131],"then.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}