{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4247323398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050719000536","title":"The Residential Segregation of Immigrants in the United States from 1850 to 1940","display_name":"The Residential Segregation of Immigrants in the United States from 1850 to 1940","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4247323398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050719000536"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0022050719000536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050719000536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050719000536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122073985","display_name":"The Journal of Economic History","issn_l":"0022-0507","issn":["0022-0507","1471-6372"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Economic History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4247323398"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Katherine Eriksson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US","ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katherine Eriksson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, Faculty Research Fellow at the NBER, and Research Associate at LEAP, Stellenbosch University. E-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, Faculty Research Fellow at the NBER, and Research Associate at LEAP, Stellenbosch University. E-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853","https://openalex.org/I26092322","https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032839166","display_name":"Zachary Ward","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7475-0910","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7475-0910"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157394403","display_name":"Baylor University","ror":"https://ror.org/005781934","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157394403"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zachary Ward","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Baylor University, 1621 S 3rd Street, Waco, TX, 76798. E-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Baylor University, 1621 S 3rd Street, Waco, TX, 76798. E-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157394403"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2980,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2980},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1021,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95754386,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"79","issue":"4","first_page":"989","last_page":"1026"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10349","display_name":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-assimilation","display_name":"spatial assimilation","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factory-towns","display_name":"factory towns","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-european-immigrants","display_name":"non-European immigrants","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states-immigration-history","display_name":"United States immigration history","score":0.4959999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70036468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288","display_name":"Immigration","level":2,"score":0.8837020993232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5511741042137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.4819474220275879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4130750298500061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.1279810070991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09337714314460754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.059328317642211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0022050719000536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050719000536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050719000536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122073985","display_name":"The Journal of Economic History","issn_l":"0022-0507","issn":["0022-0507","1471-6372"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Economic History","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:cup:jechis:v:79:y:2019:i:4:p:989-1026_3","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022050719000536/type/journal_article","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482058944","https://openalex.org/W1529253825","https://openalex.org/W1562936039","https://openalex.org/W1585925154","https://openalex.org/W1585989023","https://openalex.org/W1966725963","https://openalex.org/W1968064531","https://openalex.org/W1973693691","https://openalex.org/W1996134916","https://openalex.org/W2010581743","https://openalex.org/W2014006615","https://openalex.org/W2059636988","https://openalex.org/W2092519803","https://openalex.org/W2101697455","https://openalex.org/W2117969361","https://openalex.org/W2148929755","https://openalex.org/W2167895825","https://openalex.org/W2187749655","https://openalex.org/W2223384893","https://openalex.org/W2285570523","https://openalex.org/W2316949039","https://openalex.org/W2321502482","https://openalex.org/W2326622947","https://openalex.org/W2337217641","https://openalex.org/W2470463584","https://openalex.org/W2524160387","https://openalex.org/W2525540483","https://openalex.org/W2586731135","https://openalex.org/W2616491386","https://openalex.org/W2651103472","https://openalex.org/W2735157370","https://openalex.org/W2737924378","https://openalex.org/W2756825755","https://openalex.org/W2780259105","https://openalex.org/W2789116840","https://openalex.org/W2885210142","https://openalex.org/W2922123654","https://openalex.org/W2944196176","https://openalex.org/W2946260038","https://openalex.org/W3082553399","https://openalex.org/W3122207004","https://openalex.org/W4206755500","https://openalex.org/W4249477462","https://openalex.org/W4253210001","https://openalex.org/W4254168549","https://openalex.org/W6631499683","https://openalex.org/W6675261627","https://openalex.org/W6909883618","https://openalex.org/W6962698574"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2887596891","https://openalex.org/W3122207004","https://openalex.org/W2169784231","https://openalex.org/W4415704704","https://openalex.org/W1966725963","https://openalex.org/W3125918231","https://openalex.org/W2005337104","https://openalex.org/W1973693691","https://openalex.org/W2148514067","https://openalex.org/W4243414312"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"provide":[1],"the":[2,15,31,41,44],"first":[3],"estimates":[4],"of":[5,43,54,65],"immigrant":[6],"residential":[7],"segregation":[8,38,66],"between":[9],"1850":[10],"and":[11,19,24,74],"1940":[12],"that":[13],"cover":[14],"entire":[16],"United":[17],"States":[18],"are":[20],"consistent":[21,52],"across":[22],"time":[23],"space.":[25],"To":[26],"do":[27],"so,":[28],"we":[29,56],"adapt":[30],"Logan\u2013Parman":[32],"method":[33],"to":[34,49],"immigrants":[35,80],"by":[36],"measuring":[37],"based":[39],"on":[40],"nativity":[42],"next-door":[45],"neighbor.":[46],"In":[47],"addition":[48],"providing":[50],"a":[51,84],"measure":[53],"segregation,":[55],"also":[57],"document":[58],"new":[59],"patterns":[60],"such":[61],"as":[62],"high":[63],"levels":[64],"in":[67,70],"rural":[68],"areas,":[69],"small":[71],"factory":[72],"towns":[73],"for":[75,94],"non-European":[76],"sources.":[77],"Early":[78],"twentieth-century":[79],"spatially":[81],"assimilated":[82],"at":[83],"slow":[85],"rate,":[86],"leaving":[87],"immigrants\u2019":[88],"lived":[89],"experience":[90],"distinct":[91],"from":[92],"natives":[93],"decades":[95],"after":[96],"arrival.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}