{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4247100099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3","title":"Study of a Cold Spray Nozzle Throat on Acceleration Characteristics via CFD","display_name":"Study of a Cold Spray Nozzle Throat on Acceleration Characteristics via CFD","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4247100099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3","pdf_url":"http://jes.sumdu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/jes_8_1_2021_F19-F24.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210167656","display_name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences","issn_l":"2312-2498","issn":["2312-2498","2414-9381"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-d"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322434","host_organization_name":"Sumy State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322434"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sumy State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://jes.sumdu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/jes_8_1_2021_F19-F24.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039990465","display_name":"Wenjie Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-1912","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9540-1912"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141103825","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Water Resources and Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/00avfj807","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141103825"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280530","display_name":"Nanchang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/032fjc702","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280530"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W.J. Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141103825","https://openalex.org/I4405280530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067708998","display_name":"Tan K.","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23686167","display_name":"National Aerospace University \u2013 Kharkiv Aviation Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/048j5n646","country_code":"UA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23686167"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Aerospace University \u201cKharkiv Aviation Institute\u201d, 17, Chkalova St., 61000 Kharkiv, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Aerospace University \u201cKharkiv Aviation Institute\u201d, 17, Chkalova St., 61000 Kharkiv, Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23686167"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113909570","display_name":"Sergii Markovych","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8321-2786","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8321-2786"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23686167","display_name":"National Aerospace University \u2013 Kharkiv Aviation Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/048j5n646","country_code":"UA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23686167"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Markovych","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Aerospace University \u201cKharkiv Aviation Institute\u201d, 17, Chkalova St., 61000 Kharkiv, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Aerospace University \u201cKharkiv Aviation Institute\u201d, 17, Chkalova St., 61000 Kharkiv, Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23686167"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029632776","display_name":"Liu X. L.","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141103825","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Water Resources and Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/00avfj807","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141103825"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280530","display_name":"Nanchang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/032fjc702","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280530"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X.L. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141103825","https://openalex.org/I4405280530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5311,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54849034,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"F19","last_page":"F24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10626","display_name":"High-Temperature Coating Behaviors","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10626","display_name":"High-Temperature Coating Behaviors","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12350","display_name":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11382","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-spraying","display_name":"cold spray","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nozzle-throat","display_name":"nozzle throat","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-acceleration","display_name":"particle acceleration","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conical-nozzle","display_name":"conical nozzle","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throat-diameter","display_name":"throat diameter","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throat-length","display_name":"throat length","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-trajectories","display_name":"particle trajectories","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injection-pressure","display_name":"injection pressure","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-size","display_name":"particle size","score":0.7870000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56200935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q250840","display_name":"Nozzle","level":2,"score":0.8382279276847839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124961601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518149","display_name":"Conical surface","level":2,"score":0.8283286094665527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776989088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16364","display_name":"Throat","level":2,"score":0.6851377487182617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5987338423728943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5607845187187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.5001802444458008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.37694963812828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2994770109653473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20618417859077454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18892475962638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.092583566904068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.08622708916664124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3","pdf_url":"http://jes.sumdu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/jes_8_1_2021_F19-F24.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210167656","display_name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences","issn_l":"2312-2498","issn":["2312-2498","2414-9381"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-d"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322434","host_organization_name":"Sumy State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322434"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sumy State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:essuir.sumdu.edu.ua:123456789/84370","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/84370","pdf_url":"https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/84370","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400377","display_name":"Electronic Sumy State University Institutional Repository (Sumy State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I25822123","host_organization_name":"Sumy State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25822123"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7bc88d925ef447f9a895a8d9a9e37494","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7bc88d925ef447f9a895a8d9a9e37494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0456\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp F19-F24 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).f3","pdf_url":"http://jes.sumdu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/jes_8_1_2021_F19-F24.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210167656","display_name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences","issn_l":"2312-2498","issn":["2312-2498","2414-9381"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","dongbi-d"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322434","host_organization_name":"Sumy State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322434"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sumy State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4035410823","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202008100011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4247100099.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4247100099.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965140848","https://openalex.org/W2045449708","https://openalex.org/W2048086556","https://openalex.org/W2340220398","https://openalex.org/W2560527256","https://openalex.org/W2724367495","https://openalex.org/W2984071857","https://openalex.org/W3040639917"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312506581","https://openalex.org/W4390347558","https://openalex.org/W4412793817","https://openalex.org/W2973001879","https://openalex.org/W2052085821","https://openalex.org/W4376881338","https://openalex.org/W4280570933","https://openalex.org/W2576686565","https://openalex.org/W1967580200","https://openalex.org/W3025597990"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cold":[0],"spray":[1,73,94],"technology":[2],"can":[3],"obtain":[4],"coatings":[5],"in":[6,135],"a":[7,40],"solid":[8],"state,":[9],"suitable":[10],"for":[11],"deposition":[12],"protection,":[13],"repair,":[14],"and":[15,105,121,137,158,188,226],"additive":[16],"manufacturing.":[17],"In":[18],"order":[19],"to":[20,185,198],"further":[21],"expand":[22],"the":[23,31,35,48,51,54,57,62,66,72,75,84,87,91,97,101,110,114,118,128,138,146,150,154,159,167,170,176,179,193,196,201,206,210,214],"application":[24],"areas":[25,38],"of":[26,34,50,53,65,86,90,116,153,169,192],"cold":[27,93],"spraying":[28],"nozzles,":[29],"especially":[30],"inner":[32],"surface":[33],"components":[36],"or":[37],"where":[39],"Straight-line":[41],"conical":[42,92],"nozzle":[43,55,67,95],"cannot":[44],"be":[45],"applied,":[46],"because":[47],"study":[49,82],"throat":[52,88,129,147,171,194,203],"with":[56,74],"angle":[58,76,204],"will":[59,77],"directly":[60],"reduce":[61],"total":[63,180],"length":[64,168,191],"(the":[68],"horizontal":[69],"direction),":[70],"hence,":[71],"show":[78,109],"its":[79],"advantage.":[80],"This":[81],"discusses":[83],"influence":[85],"structure":[89],"on":[96,175,209],"acceleration":[98,177,211],"characteristics,":[99,178],"including":[100],"throat\u2019s":[102],"size,":[103,136,225],"length,":[104],"angle.":[106],"The":[107],"results":[108],"following.":[111],"Firstly,":[112],"under":[113],"premise":[115],"keeping":[117],"shrinkage":[119],"ratio":[120,123],"divergence":[122],"unchanged":[124],"at":[125],"normal":[126],"temperature,":[127],"diameter":[130],"is":[131,162,195,217],"between":[132],"2\u20136":[133],"mm":[134,190],"maximum":[139],"growth":[140,151,160],"rate":[141,152,161],"exceeds":[142,148],"20":[143],"m/s.":[144,165],"When":[145],"6mm,":[149],"outlet":[155],"slows":[156],"down,":[157],"only":[163],"8":[164],"Secondly,":[166],"has":[172,205],"little":[173],"effect":[174,208],"range":[181],"fluctuated":[182],"from":[183],"533":[184],"550":[186],"m/s,":[187],"11":[189],"closest":[197],"0mm.":[199],"Additionally,":[200],"90\u00b0":[202],"least":[207],"characteristics.":[212],"Finally,":[213],"particle":[215,224],"trajectory":[216],"affected":[218],"by":[219],"inlet":[220],"pressure,":[221,223],"injection":[222],"other":[227],"factors.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}