{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4246247273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<98::aid-glia10>3.3.co;2-r","title":"Embryonic CNS macrophages and microglia do not stem from circulating, but from extravascular precursors","display_name":"Embryonic CNS macrophages and microglia do not stem from circulating, but from extravascular precursors","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4246247273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<98::aid-glia10>3.3.co;2-r","mag":"2079450310","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9436792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<98::aid-glia10>3.3.co;2-r","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<98::aid-glia10>3.3.co;2-r","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<98::aid-glia10>3.3.co;2-r","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147407642","display_name":"Glia","issn_l":"0894-1491","issn":["0894-1491","1098-1136"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Glia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111868068","display_name":"Haymo Kurz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haymo Kurz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048916978","display_name":"Bodo Christ","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bodo Christ","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5450},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.648,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92920939,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"98","last_page":"102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":0.948199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":0.948199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10608","display_name":"Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms","score":0.04830000177025795,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2806","display_name":"Developmental Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11872","display_name":"Barrier Structure and Function Studies","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embryonic-macrophages","display_name":"embryonic macrophages","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cns-macrophages","display_name":"CNS macrophages","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parabiosis","display_name":"parabiosis","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avian-embryo","display_name":"avian embryo","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embryonic-spinal-cord","display_name":"embryonic spinal cord","score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embryonic-brain","display_name":"embryonic brain","score":0.7300000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779830541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622829","display_name":"Microglia","level":3,"score":0.8626712560653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8341646790504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145103041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151519","display_name":"Embryonic stem cell","level":3,"score":0.8121500015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28328180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196","display_name":"Stem cell","level":2,"score":0.5561681985855103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5545852184295654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780884517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177105","display_name":"Neuroglia","level":3,"score":0.49447107315063477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.46240168809890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779244956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184204","display_name":"Macrophage","level":3,"score":0.45495739579200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.40708085894584656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.34181785583496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.22186148166656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.06216782331466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.056057125329971313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001808","descriptor_name":"Blood Vessels","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001808","descriptor_name":"Blood Vessels","qualifier_ui":"Q000196","qualifier_name":"embryology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002552","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Ventricles","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002552","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Ventricles","qualifier_ui":"Q000196","qualifier_name":"embryology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002642","descriptor_name":"Chick Embryo","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003370","descriptor_name":"Coturnix","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006410","descriptor_name":"Hematopoiesis","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007150","descriptor_name":"Immunohistochemistry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008264","descriptor_name":"Macrophages","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008636","descriptor_name":"Mesencephalon","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008636","descriptor_name":"Mesencephalon","qualifier_ui":"Q000196","qualifier_name":"embryology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010227","descriptor_name":"Parabiosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010841","descriptor_name":"Pia Mater","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010841","descriptor_name":"Pia Mater","qualifier_ui":"Q000196","qualifier_name":"embryology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013234","descriptor_name":"Stem Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017628","descriptor_name":"Microglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019085","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<98::aid-glia10>3.3.co;2-r","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<98::aid-glia10>3.3.co;2-r","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<98::aid-glia10>3.3.co;2-r","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147407642","display_name":"Glia","issn_l":"0894-1491","issn":["0894-1491","1098-1136"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Glia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9436792","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9436792","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Glia","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2079450310","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9436792","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.504800021648407}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W645427341","https://openalex.org/W1813657522","https://openalex.org/W1844495809","https://openalex.org/W1983393370","https://openalex.org/W1987886029","https://openalex.org/W1992356992","https://openalex.org/W2014072269","https://openalex.org/W2023435875","https://openalex.org/W2027018081","https://openalex.org/W2040812344","https://openalex.org/W2064082233","https://openalex.org/W2064255351","https://openalex.org/W2092807134","https://openalex.org/W2110525047","https://openalex.org/W2114354962","https://openalex.org/W2146083637","https://openalex.org/W2154905243","https://openalex.org/W2157398141","https://openalex.org/W2754144936"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999811077","https://openalex.org/W2345745180","https://openalex.org/W2087954391","https://openalex.org/W2022734136","https://openalex.org/W4319345216","https://openalex.org/W4288706384","https://openalex.org/W2810678423","https://openalex.org/W2471228429","https://openalex.org/W3020283134","https://openalex.org/W4308475951"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Invasion":[0,53],"of":[1,31,40,54,73,79,89,95,106,135,152],"mesoderm-derived":[2],"cells":[3,57,97,109],"into":[4],"the":[5,37,45,50,71,87,104,133,148,156,162],"developing":[6],"spinal":[7],"cord":[8],"and":[9,22,48,117,159],"brain":[10],"has":[11,33,59],"been":[12,34,62],"shown":[13],"to":[14],"produce":[15],"early":[16],"central":[17],"nervous":[18],"system":[19],"(CNS)":[20],"macrophage":[21],"microglia":[23,166],"populations":[24],"in":[25,64,83,99,111,114,120,167],"avian":[26,126,168],"embryos.":[27,169],"A":[28],"triplicate":[29],"mode":[30],"entry":[32],"proposed:":[35],"through":[36,49,132],"endothelial":[38],"wall":[39,134],"CNS":[41,113,137,163],"blood":[42,56,75,101],"vessels;":[43,102],"from":[44,155],"ventricular":[46],"cavities;":[47],"pial":[51,157],"surface.":[52],"circulating":[55,98],"(monocytes)":[58],"not":[60,130],"yet":[61],"proved":[63],"embryonic":[65,136],"CNS.":[66],"This":[67],"report":[68],"demonstrates:":[69],"1)":[70],"use":[72,88],"chick-quail":[74],"chimeras":[76],"by":[77],"way":[78],"parabiosis":[80,115,121],"(two":[81],"embryos":[82],"one":[84],"egg);":[85],"2)":[86],"QH1":[90],"monoclonal":[91],"antibody":[92],"for":[93],"detection":[94],"quail":[96],"chick":[100],"3)":[103],"presence":[105],"extravascular":[107],"QH1-positive":[108],"(macrophages)":[110],"E7-10":[112],"quail,":[116],"their":[118],"absence":[119],"chick.":[122],"We":[123],"conclude":[124],"that":[125,150],"macrophages/microglia":[127],"precursors":[128],"do":[129],"penetrate":[131],"vessels.":[138],"In":[139],"combination":[140],"with":[141],"published":[142],"results,":[143],"this":[144],"finding":[145],"strongly":[146],"supports":[147],"view":[149],"invasion":[151],"migratory":[153],"macrophages":[154],"surface":[158],"proliferation":[160],"inside":[161],"generate":[164],"all":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}