{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4245797842","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3583246","title":"Risk Factors for HIV-1 Seroprevalence among Family Planning Clients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","display_name":"Risk Factors for HIV-1 Seroprevalence among Family Planning Clients in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4245797842","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3583246","mag":"1574052511","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11000712"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/3583246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3583246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3583246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22933603","display_name":"African Journal of Reproductive Health","issn_l":"1118-4841","issn":["1118-4841","2141-3606"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Reproductive Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3583246","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021019665","display_name":"Saidi Kapiga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1753-4060","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1753-4060"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saidi H. Kapiga","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111585917","display_name":"Eligius Lyamuya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eligius F. Lyamuya","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069676610","display_name":"B\u00e9a Vuylsteke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-4372","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-4372"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bea Vuylsteke","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067206764","display_name":"Donna L. Spiegelman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-4650","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-4650"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donna Spiegelman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109167130","display_name":"Ulla Larsen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulla Larsen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David J. Hunter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J. Hunter","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2456,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64881771,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"88","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11860","display_name":"HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14334","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-seroprevalence","display_name":"HIV-1 seroprevalence","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-risk-factors","display_name":"HIV risk factors","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-planning-clients","display_name":"family planning clients","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-health","display_name":"women's health","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marital-status","display_name":"marital status","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohabitation","display_name":"cohabitation","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age","display_name":"age","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hotel-employees","display_name":"hotel employees","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexually-transmitted-infections","display_name":"sexually transmitted infections","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dar-es-salaam","display_name":"Dar es Salaam","score":0.921999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779357621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655495","display_name":"Tanzania","level":2,"score":0.9239493608474731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778494684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511357","display_name":"Seroprevalence","level":4,"score":0.8025709390640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019135560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1960","display_name":"Dar es salaam","level":3,"score":0.7669333219528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.5849325656890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.5080042481422424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4814866781234741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779076696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1280670","display_name":"Family planning","level":4,"score":0.47702738642692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4707634449005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.46657976508140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4126424789428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.33851009607315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986817661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185698","display_name":"Research methodology","level":3,"score":0.3115275204181671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.22453582286834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.18446069955825806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.11000826954841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45189115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502159","display_name":"Serology","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005193","descriptor_name":"Family Planning Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007722","descriptor_name":"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009790","descriptor_name":"Occupations","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012749","descriptor_name":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013636","descriptor_name":"Tanzania","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014505","descriptor_name":"Urban Population","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014930","descriptor_name":"Women","qualifier_ui":"Q000193","qualifier_name":"education","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014930","descriptor_name":"Women","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015528","descriptor_name":"HIV Seroprevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017533","descriptor_name":"Marital Status","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017677","descriptor_name":"Age Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/3583246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3583246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3583246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22933603","display_name":"African Journal of Reproductive Health","issn_l":"1118-4841","issn":["1118-4841","2141-3606"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Reproductive Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ajrh.info:article/757","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ajrh.info/index.php/ajrh/article/view/757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22933603","display_name":"African Journal of Reproductive Health","issn_l":"1118-4841","issn":["1118-4841","2141-3606"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1118-4841","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmid:11000712","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11000712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African journal of reproductive health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:1574052511","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11000712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/3583246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3583246","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3583246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22933603","display_name":"African Journal of Reproductive Health","issn_l":"1118-4841","issn":["1118-4841","2141-3606"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Reproductive Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306115","display_name":"United States Agency for International Development","ror":"https://ror.org/01n6e6j62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W38712640","https://openalex.org/W101474778","https://openalex.org/W1497930512","https://openalex.org/W1516382167","https://openalex.org/W1547252356","https://openalex.org/W1980193868","https://openalex.org/W2004192369","https://openalex.org/W2013609822","https://openalex.org/W2020748797","https://openalex.org/W2023811194","https://openalex.org/W2036033062","https://openalex.org/W2037169858","https://openalex.org/W2040920839","https://openalex.org/W2047798559","https://openalex.org/W2047948412","https://openalex.org/W2053842028","https://openalex.org/W2057310073","https://openalex.org/W2067997434","https://openalex.org/W2070953605","https://openalex.org/W2071039984","https://openalex.org/W2071470891","https://openalex.org/W2079564420","https://openalex.org/W2088933904","https://openalex.org/W2095359521","https://openalex.org/W2163424852","https://openalex.org/W2227170447","https://openalex.org/W2281577232","https://openalex.org/W2302103275","https://openalex.org/W2797295276","https://openalex.org/W4246836198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2259165500","https://openalex.org/W2050052917","https://openalex.org/W1547252356","https://openalex.org/W3048817178","https://openalex.org/W2092798375","https://openalex.org/W2005089000","https://openalex.org/W2028813912","https://openalex.org/W2259404209","https://openalex.org/W2093831212","https://openalex.org/W1989155201"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Between":[0],"March":[1],"and":[2,40,86],"September":[3],"of":[4,49,58,70,105,126,134,161],"1995,":[5],"women":[6,30,77,88],"receiving":[7],"family":[8],"planning":[9],"(FP)":[10],"services":[11],"in":[12,16,25,150],"three":[13],"large":[14],"clinics":[15],"Dar":[17],"es":[18],"Salaam,":[19],"Tanzania":[20],"were":[21,31,90,130],"invited":[22],"to":[23,33,157],"participate":[24],"a":[26,142],"cross-sectional":[27],"study.":[28],"Consenting":[29],"interviewed":[32],"obtain":[34],"information":[35],"about":[36],"HIV":[37,43,50,59,71,106,140,153,162],"risk":[38,57,69,104,133],"factors,":[39],"blood":[41],"for":[42],"testing":[44],"was":[45,51,72,107],"collected.":[46],"The":[47,56,103],"prevalence":[48],"16.9%":[52],"(95%":[53],"CI:":[54],"14.4%-19.3%).":[55],"increased":[60,132],"significantly":[61,73,109],"with":[62,65,123],"age.":[63],"Compared":[64],"married":[66],"women,":[67],"the":[68],"higher":[74,110],"among":[75,87,111,147],"cohabiting":[76],"(age-adjusted":[78,95,114],"OR":[79,96,115],"=":[80,84,97,101,116,120],"2.3;":[81,98],"95%":[82,99,118],"CI":[83,100,119],"1.5-3.5)":[85],"who":[89],"single,":[91],"divorced":[92],"or":[93],"widowed":[94],"1.2-4.4).":[102],"also":[108],"hotel":[112],"workers":[113],"4.3;":[117],"1.4-12.9).":[121],"Women":[122],"laboratory":[124],"evidence":[125],"sexually":[127],"transmitted":[128],"diseases":[129],"at":[131],"HIV.":[135],"This":[136],"study":[137],"shows":[138],"that":[139],"is":[141],"major":[143],"public":[144],"health":[145],"problem":[146],"FP":[148],"clients":[149],"Tanzania.":[151],"Innovative":[152],"interventions":[154],"are":[155],"needed":[156],"reduce":[158],"further":[159],"spread":[160],"infection.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}