{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4244874814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21012","title":"Metamodeling Development for Vehicle Frontal Impact Simulation","display_name":"Metamodeling Development for Vehicle Frontal Impact Simulation","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4244874814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21012"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1115/detc2001/dac-21012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407096944","display_name":"ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321320","host_organization_name":"American Society of Mechanical Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321320"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Mechanical Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Volume 2A: 27th Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053904184","display_name":"R. J. Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-8747","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-8747"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292974536","display_name":"Ford Motor Company (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. J. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016227991","display_name":"N. Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292974536","display_name":"Ford Motor Company (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091291995","display_name":"Cheng-Ho Tho","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292974536","display_name":"Ford Motor Company (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. H. Tho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076270498","display_name":"J. P. Bobineau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292974536","display_name":"Ford Motor Company (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. P. Bobineau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292974536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111036463","display_name":"B. P. Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189196454","display_name":"The University of Texas at Arlington","ror":"https://ror.org/019kgqr73","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. P. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5179,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":163,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93515516,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"27","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.5205000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.5205000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10928","display_name":"Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design","score":0.3285999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11798","display_name":"Optimal Experimental Design Methods","score":0.09669999778270721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meta-modeling","display_name":"metamodeling","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-surface-methodology","display_name":"response surface methodology","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crashworthiness","display_name":"crashworthiness","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"kriging","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moving-least-squares","display_name":"moving least squares","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stepwise-regression","display_name":"stepwise regression","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latin-hypercube-sampling","display_name":"Latin hypercube sampling","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-mean-square-error","display_name":"root mean square error","score":0.6850000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20820323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6496514","display_name":"Latin hypercube sampling","level":3,"score":0.9677916765213013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86610423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1925081","display_name":"Metamodeling","level":2,"score":0.9175839424133301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.8010659217834473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6097867488861084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.5756056904792786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5505958199501038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.4965890049934387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.4931599497795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.490935355424881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4598252773284912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57869625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783502","display_name":"Rate of convergence","level":3,"score":0.45405226945877075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4490816295146942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781395549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680762","display_name":"Adaptive sampling","level":3,"score":0.4148983955383301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39062657952308655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2618098855018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2501796782016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1767379343509674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.132232666015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.1003110408782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.09369596838951111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0907081663608551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1115/detc2001/dac-21012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407096944","display_name":"ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321320","host_organization_name":"American Society of Mechanical Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321320"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Mechanical Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Volume 2A: 27th Design Automation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2143022286","https://openalex.org/W2496675188","https://openalex.org/W2615953416"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2168350331","https://openalex.org/W1969114329","https://openalex.org/W2188514586","https://openalex.org/W251485114","https://openalex.org/W2016113585","https://openalex.org/W2019337809","https://openalex.org/W2386752559","https://openalex.org/W2023326661","https://openalex.org/W7095161356","https://openalex.org/W7098546236"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Response":[1],"surface":[2,24,32],"methods":[3,33],"or":[4,26],"metamodels":[5,113,126],"are":[6,34],"commonly":[7],"used":[8,57,81,99],"to":[9,82,104],"approximate":[10],"large":[11,69],"engineering":[12],"systems.":[13],"This":[14],"paper":[15],"presents":[16],"a":[17,22,27,63],"new":[18],"metric":[19],"for":[20,114,122],"evaluating":[21],"response":[23,31],"method":[25,79],"metamodeling":[28],"technique.":[29],"Five":[30],"studied:":[35],"Stepwise":[36],"Regression,":[37],"Moving":[38],"Least":[39],"Square,":[40],"Kriging,":[41],"Multiquadratic,":[42],"and":[43,45,108],"Adaptive":[44],"Interactive":[46],"Modeling":[47],"System.":[48],"A":[49,119],"real":[50],"world":[51],"frontal":[52],"impact":[53,117,128],"design":[54,91],"problem":[55],"is":[56,62,80,98,130],"as":[58,100],"an":[59],"example,":[60],"which":[61],"complex,":[64],"highly":[65],"nonlinear,":[66],"transient,":[67],"dynamic,":[68],"deformation":[70],"finite":[71],"element":[72],"model.":[73],"The":[74,93],"optimal":[75],"Latin":[76],"Hypercube":[77],"Sampling":[78],"distribute":[83],"the":[84,89,101,106,112,124],"sampling":[85],"points":[86],"uniformly":[87],"over":[88],"entire":[90],"space.":[92],"Root":[94],"Mean":[95],"Square":[96],"Error":[97],"error":[102],"indicator":[103],"study":[105],"accuracy":[107],"convergence":[109],"rate":[110],"of":[111,127],"this":[115],"vehicle":[116],"analysis.":[118],"hybrid":[120],"approach/strategy":[121],"selecting":[123],"best":[125],"responses":[129],"proposed.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-11-02T09:45:03.842371","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}