{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4244671561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813034706.003.0022","title":"1788","display_name":"1788","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4244671561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813034706.003.0022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5744/florida/9780813034706.003.0022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813034706.003.0022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813034706.003.0022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464212","display_name":"University Press of Florida eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Having of Negroes Is Become a Burden","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2346471652","display_name":"The Having of Negroes Is Become a Burden"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002795114","display_name":"Michael J. Crawford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6598-3835","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6598-3835"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Crawford","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002795114"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56575922,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"133","last_page":"134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12144","display_name":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12144","display_name":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manumission","display_name":"manumission","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slavery","display_name":"slavery","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/re-enslavement","display_name":"re-enslavement","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-assembly","display_name":"general assembly","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/declaration-of-independence","display_name":"Declaration of Independence","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-revolution","display_name":"American Revolution","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-appeals","display_name":"religious appeals","score":0.5730000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778607876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464916","display_name":"Declaration of independence","level":3,"score":0.7979403734207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138147947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183659","display_name":"Declaration","level":2,"score":0.7487692832946777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.6929705739021301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776154427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7755","display_name":"Constitution","level":2,"score":0.6413414478302002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.5996057987213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778698365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2100614","display_name":"General assembly","level":2,"score":0.5353909134864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777432744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412160","display_name":"Compassion","level":2,"score":0.508941650390625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.501183271408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5744/florida/9780813034706.003.0022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813034706.003.0022","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813034706.003.0022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464212","display_name":"University Press of Florida eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Having of Negroes Is Become a Burden","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.47620001435279846,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7056051982","https://openalex.org/W7037264378","https://openalex.org/W4408597858","https://openalex.org/W7055838376","https://openalex.org/W7038896962","https://openalex.org/W7045134248","https://openalex.org/W6999775161","https://openalex.org/W4253853695","https://openalex.org/W4408603610","https://openalex.org/W7210130201"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,28],"yearly":[1],"meeting":[2],"regularly":[3],"sent":[4],"memorials":[5,32,66],"to":[6,50,59,104],"the":[7,14,21,44,51,54,65,72,79,82,96,99,105,110],"General":[8,73],"Assembly":[9,74],"seeking":[10],"a":[11],"change":[12],"in":[13,34,76,91],"law":[15],"of":[16,30,46,53,64,71,81,84,98,107,109],"manumission":[17],"that":[18],"would":[19],"protect":[20],"slaves":[22],"they":[23],"set":[24],"free":[25],"from":[26,43],"re-enslavement.":[27],"version":[29],"these":[31],"submitted":[33],"1788":[35],"was":[36],"short":[37],"and":[38,61],"poignant":[39],"and,":[40],"borrowing":[41],"language":[42],"Declaration":[45,106],"Independence,":[47],"combined":[48],"appeals":[49,58],"principles":[52,97],"American":[55],"Revolution":[56],"with":[57,95],"compassion":[60],"religion.":[62],"One":[63],"explained":[67],"\u201cthe":[68],"two":[69],"acts":[70],"now":[75],"force":[77],"for":[78],"prohibition":[80],"freedom":[83],"Slaves,":[85],"which":[86],"we":[87],"humbly":[88],"apprehend":[89],"is":[90],"no":[92],"wise":[93],"Consistant":[94],"Established":[100],"Constitution,":[101],"&":[102],"contrary":[103],"Independence":[108],"United.\u201d":[111]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-17T09:40:24.721904","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}