{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4244307328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044910-4.00123-1","title":"Structural Adjustment","display_name":"Structural Adjustment","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4244307328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044910-4.00123-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/b978-008044910-4.00123-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044910-4.00123-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044910-4.00123-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463230","display_name":"Elsevier eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Encyclopedia of Human Geography","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2607214802","display_name":"International Encyclopedia of Human Geography"},"type":"reference-entry","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071844542","display_name":"G. Mohan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G. Mohan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071844542"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11168","display_name":"International Development and Aid","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11168","display_name":"International Development and Aid","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13000","display_name":"World Systems and Global Transformations","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14112","display_name":"Economic, financial, and policy analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-adjustment-programmes","display_name":"structural adjustment programs","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-liberalization","display_name":"economic liberalization","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-lending","display_name":"international lending","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-investment","display_name":"foreign investment","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty-impact","display_name":"poverty impact","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unemployment","display_name":"unemployment","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-sovereignty","display_name":"state sovereignty","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralization","display_name":"decentralization","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-decision-making","display_name":"local decision-making","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-development","display_name":"international development","score":0.33399999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3320954740047455}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/b978-008044910-4.00123-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044910-4.00123-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044910-4.00123-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463230","display_name":"Elsevier eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Encyclopedia of Human Geography","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oro.open.ac.uk:18995","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oro.open.ac.uk/18995/1/Structural_adjustment_-_Mohan_9_Oct.doc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196284","display_name":"Open Research Online - ORO (The Open University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","host_organization_name":"The Open University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book Section"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oro.open.ac.uk:68655","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oro.open.ac.uk/68655/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196284","display_name":"Open Research Online - ORO (The Open University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204136569","host_organization_name":"The Open University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204136569"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Book Section"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7825999855995178,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6601999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W289963300","https://openalex.org/W1972132135","https://openalex.org/W1987634196","https://openalex.org/W2011349586","https://openalex.org/W2018989909","https://openalex.org/W2042361705","https://openalex.org/W2072061294","https://openalex.org/W2324101223","https://openalex.org/W3151945269","https://openalex.org/W4300666378"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7006062351","https://openalex.org/W4405357179","https://openalex.org/W2883065333","https://openalex.org/W2960765217","https://openalex.org/W4408028068","https://openalex.org/W7113338993","https://openalex.org/W3188511971","https://openalex.org/W4309526439","https://openalex.org/W2568276399","https://openalex.org/W2497081233"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
