{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4242708773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.18-3-75","title":"Toxoplasmosis","display_name":"Toxoplasmosis","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4242708773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.18-3-75","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9057474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1542/pir.18-3-75","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.18-3-75","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.18-3-75","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118940750","display_name":"Pediatrics in Review","issn_l":"0191-9601","issn":["0191-9601","1526-3347","1529-7233"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315734","host_organization_name":"American Academy of Pediatrics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315734"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Academy of Pediatrics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics in Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084195206","display_name":"R Lynfield","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Lynfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078464785","display_name":"Nicholas G. Guerina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9824-2799","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9824-2799"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. G. Guerina","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3873,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81674877,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"75","last_page":"83"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11155","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11155","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11154","display_name":"Parasitic infections in humans and animals","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10981","display_name":"Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxoplasmosis","display_name":"toxoplasmosis","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxoplasma-gondii","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congenital-toxoplasmosis","display_name":"congenital toxoplasmosis","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-infection","display_name":"pediatric infection","score":0.3310000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778062946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154878","display_name":"Toxoplasmosis","level":2,"score":0.6250892877578735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5111473202705383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32260578870773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3035247325897217}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003937","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Differential","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014123","descriptor_name":"Toxoplasmosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014123","descriptor_name":"Toxoplasmosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014123","descriptor_name":"Toxoplasmosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014123","descriptor_name":"Toxoplasmosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014125","descriptor_name":"Toxoplasmosis, Congenital","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014126","descriptor_name":"Toxoplasmosis, Ocular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015597","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016781","descriptor_name":"Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018562","descriptor_name":"Disease Transmission, Infectious","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1542/pir.18-3-75","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.18-3-75","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.18-3-75","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118940750","display_name":"Pediatrics in Review","issn_l":"0191-9601","issn":["0191-9601","1526-3347","1529-7233"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315734","host_organization_name":"American Academy of Pediatrics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315734"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Academy of Pediatrics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics in Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1542/pir.18.3.75","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.18.3.75","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.18.3.75","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118940750","display_name":"Pediatrics in Review","issn_l":"0191-9601","issn":["0191-9601","1526-3347","1529-7233"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315734","host_organization_name":"American Academy of Pediatrics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315734"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Academy of Pediatrics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics In Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9057474","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9057474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pediatrics in review","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482306167","https://openalex.org/W1524291481","https://openalex.org/W1532203948","https://openalex.org/W2008318827","https://openalex.org/W2012695904","https://openalex.org/W2037642617","https://openalex.org/W2042349849","https://openalex.org/W2071834286","https://openalex.org/W2095426609","https://openalex.org/W2096086575","https://openalex.org/W2125722420","https://openalex.org/W2137358923","https://openalex.org/W6610146171"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486175985","https://openalex.org/W4392861998","https://openalex.org/W4210428472","https://openalex.org/W1496491531","https://openalex.org/W2129127059","https://openalex.org/W7161638431","https://openalex.org/W4211202921","https://openalex.org/W4255741151","https://openalex.org/W4388366681","https://openalex.org/W7100510143"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Toxoplasma":[0,55,63,485,667,688,756,912,1440,1457,1785,1826,2003,2070,2689,2739,2748,2882,2912,3112,3213,3452,3588,3795],"gondii,":[1,3147],"an":[2,106,147,206,220,474,734,954,985,994,1811,2129,2572,2677,3177,3242,3300,3808],"obligate":[3],"intracellular":[4],"parasite":[5,181,188,493,513],"found":[6,116,1516,2492],"in":[7,20,33,40,67,81,102,128,137,146,184,197,213,233,242,259,272,279,366,379,463,535,544,552,571,581,629,669,744,758,855,892,898,924,936,951,1042,1115,1120,1132,1175,1178,1181,1197,1208,1287,1316,1338,1406,1421,1434,1445,1517,1574,1706,1745,1759,1768,1776,1816,1829,1832,1891,2079,2091,2145,2155,2170,2192,2290,2342,2358,2362,2398,2418,2493,2564,2578,2605,2625,2637,2651,2660,2692,2705,2721,2741,2769,2781,2799,2878,2902,2913,2926,2937,2943,2947,2982,3008,3095,3103,3108,3130,3176,3198,3285,3292,3421,3463,3488,3547,3563,3628,3636,3691,3725,3735,3863,3925],"many":[8,637,2246],"animal":[9,545,3178],"species":[10],"throughout":[11,2183],"the":[12,38,41,60,103,138,172,175,180,194,237,260,280,314,324,329,335,389,398,415,420,433,443,490,498,502,507,520,553,608,632,673,697,712,831,873,902,940,1002,1007,1025,1043,1067,1072,1078,1092,1108,1130,1139,1142,1160,1182,1198,1209,1279,1288,1301,1312,1365,1428,1468,1490,1495,1569,1620,1625,1716,1760,1769,1806,1833,1841,1863,1979,1992,2017,2025,2036,2080,2133,2163,2171,2184,2198,2207,2219,2310,2343,2419,2557,2626,2668,2673,2693,2706,2722,2736,2803,2814,2897,3109,3115,3120,3139,3142,3226,3293,3307,3317,3324,3337,3370,3373,3385,3399,3408,3422,3489,3508,3517,3564,3568,3576,3616,3637,3646,3661,3669,3695,3726,3754,3783,3855,3873,3912],"world,":[13],"causes":[14],"a":[15,46,78,87,91,141,152,198,223,299,332,344,423,446,548,599,643,678,708,722,948,1443,1471,1521,1585,1703,1757,1765,1830,1961,2159,2168,2261,2356,2437,2513,2524,2542,2549,2610,2685,2921,2944,3086,3152,3181,3209,3514,3549,3631,3939],"variety":[16,92],"of":[17,45,93,105,140,193,216,248,263,340,346,386,391,400,412,435,458,473,482,500,509,519,527,577,607,625,631,651,664,686,740,833,841,851,860,865,872,890,910,939,956,976,981,997,1027,1081,1088,1104,1149,1154,1268,1278,1310,1318,1346,1358,1398,1414,1467,1474,1478,1483,1492,1560,1571,1590,1624,1687,1723,1762,1771,1795,1820,1835,1844,1865,1874,1966,1982,1997,2001,2016,2082,2104,2127,2135,2165,2173,2188,2209,2235,2265,2273,2292,2301,2309,2328,2346,2360,2400,2410,2422,2441,2448,2486,2495,2503,2510,2526,2528,2538,2561,2575,2590,2596,2667,2676,2698,2711,2714,2724,2735,2738,2747,2758,2791,2805,2817,2839,2869,2899,2934,2950,2987,3037,3111,3145,3155,3157,3184,3212,3228,3244,3319,3326,3372,3388,3393,3398,3402,3447,3481,3491,3499,3510,3516,3519,3558,3594,3610,3622,3663,3677,3745,3773,3780,3782,3785,3857,3888,3938,3943],"clinical":[18,94,699,1323,1558,2240,2250,2837,2863,3033],"syndromes":[19],"humans":[21],"and":[22,31,70,73,112,130,161,222,265,289,301,356,373,468,480,494,506,525,529,532,620,642,645,681,714,733,764,793,809,838,965,1046,1075,1189,1200,1225,1253,1264,1291,1327,1349,1367,1390,1396,1404,1411,1416,1480,1564,1592,1612,1645,1662,1689,1764,1902,1915,1919,1927,2013,2048,2072,2088,2101,2110,2167,2194,2215,2251,2267,2368,2373,2408,2443,2567,2640,2708,2726,2743,2756,2775,2777,2784,2802,2928,2970,2977,3021,3035,3045,3051,3118,3141,3180,3191,3223,3256,3270,3287,3289,3309,3353,3390,3404,3410,3425,3567,3578,3722,3756,3790,3945],"animals.":[23],"The":[24,164,187,228,244,275,306,351,662,907,1059,1118,1152,1231,1499,1668,2233,2695,2932,3123,3279,3460,3590,3634],"organism":[25,874],"was":[26,53,1294,1304,1460,1677,1725,1755,1847,1867,1910,1934,1948,1958,1987,2339,2455,2941,2974,3163,3641],"first":[27,1068,2157,2186,2420,2481,3565],"described":[28,1334,2600],"by":[29,169,328,384,429,439,456,489,721,726,869,1336,1543,1568,1633,1802,1870,1883,2021,2148,2239,2457,2751,2961,2968,3306,3807,3851],"Nicolle":[30],"Manceaux":[32],"1908":[34],"after":[35,323,3032,3886],"they":[36,2772],"observed":[37,66,258,271,2006],"parasites":[39,1493,2925],"blood,":[42],"spleen,and":[43],"liver":[44],"North":[47],"African":[48],"rodent,":[49],"Ctenodactylus":[50],"gondii.":[51,789,1938],"It":[52,2569,2915],"named":[54],"(arc-like":[56],"form)":[57],"gondii":[58,85,370,867,983,1090,1797,1914,2555,2901,3734,3901],"(after":[59],"rodent)in":[61],"1909.":[62],"has":[64,218,886,960,2430,2889,3167],"been":[65,542,612,848,934,961,974,1617,2599,2664,2717,2890,3126,3168,3762],"both":[68,219,2213,3138,3407,3575],"wild":[69],"domesticated":[71],"animals,":[72,235],"its":[74],"life":[75,503,2189],"cycle":[76,225,230,239,246,277,504],"involves":[77],"sexual":[79,224,238,276],"stage":[80,166,177],"cats":[82,638,3944],"(Fig.":[83,226],"1).T":[84],"is":[86,126,151,167,326,660,719,761,773,791,914,1063,1094,1141,2556,2571,2635,2704,2917,2997,3093,3135,3189,3225,3260,3281,3290,3339,3347,3379,3416,3428,3432,3476,3526,3596,3613,3698,3730,3767,3845,3868,3919],"common":[88,792,1728,2559],"pathogen":[89],"causing":[90],"syndromes.":[95],"In":[96,547,1442,1619,1715,1810,1889,2058,2197,2336,2608,2789,3496,3615,3658],"1923,":[97],"Janku":[98],"reported":[99,613,935,962,1450,1542,2118,2431,3497,3763],"parasitic":[100],"cysts":[101,460,653],"retina":[104,1315],"infant":[107,3819],"who":[108,900,1329,1376,1393,1436,1454,1508,1531,1552,1606,1628,1694,1735,1740,1823,1894,2276,2380,2403,2413,2464,2498,2861,2909,3078,3201,3239,3792,3799],"had":[109,933,1282,1330,1343,1351,1360,1371,1377,1382,1394,1401,1455,1525,1532,1553,1556,1607,1629,1648,1658,1683,1702,1741,1784,1824,1895,2043,2050,2096,2106,2248,2315,2332,2381,2404,2451,2465,2472,2500,2512,2532,2541,2910],"hydrocephalus,":[110,2372,2383],"seizures,":[111],"unilateral":[113,1608,2520],"microophthalmia\u2014findings":[114],"later":[115,1131,1701],"to":[117,291,310,348,414,564,573,877,919,989,999,1018,1091,1110,1124,1146,1364,1408,1653,1713,1738,1904,1960,1989,2041,2085,2119,2124,2131,2141,2231,2392,2548,2585,2680,2688,2719,2825,2892,3029,3070,3081,3090,3170,3254,3334,3418,3434,3540,3645,3743,3769,3821,3849,3896,3899,3915,3920],"be":[118,157,702,795,1031,1113,1799,1881,2120,2797,2826,2833,2849,2876,3025,3049,3056,3068,3171,3196,3218,3268,3277,3342,3357,3364,3442,3455,3471,3504,3532,3683,3804,3836,3880,3894],"associated":[119,568,796,2351,3671],"with":[120,569,584,590,797,817,836,1006,1021,1126,1159,1216,1274,1748,1789,1805,1853,1886,1952,1975,2074,2299,2352,2416,2434,2519,2813,2866,3014,3019,3097,3132,3173,3186,3350,3367,3586,3630,3672,3702,3710,3714,3838],"severe":[121,781,852,1187,1526,2374,2395,2643,3062],"congenital":[122,142,911,1275,1302,1439,1456,1554,1845,1878,2002,2097,2143,2217,2244,2591,2661,2702,2727,2785,2792,2830,2880,3587,3794,3823,3917],"disease.Toxoplasma":[123],"infection":[124,143,145,154,334,378,428,486,510,668,689,694,718,757,884,913,1013,1029,1040,1055,1137,1166,1215,1293,1303,1332,1458,1555,1631,1791,1827,1837,1846,1860,1879,1897,2004,2045,2071,2098,2144,2453,2662,2703,2831,2840,2895,2940,3039,3266,3330,3346,3396,3415,3924],"usually":[125,762,2634,2996,3627],"asymptomatic":[127,2044],"children":[129,1328,1341,1453,1601,1627,1676,1693,1730,1749,1777,2275,2294,2313,2330,2379,2402,2412,2435,2450,2463,2497,2531,2540,2566,2639,3789],"adults,":[131,2641],"but":[132,236,587,943,1001,1107,1681,2052,2323,2507,2593,2642,2860,3148,3322,3674,3737],"serious":[133],"disease":[134,786,816,891,1156,1207,1219,1361,1380,1400,1535,1561,1866,1876,2467,2504,2577,2616,2659,3159,3327],"can":[135,156,231,337,376,382,417,454,813,825,1880,2875,3363,3470,3486,3654,3667,3893],"occur":[136,232,383,418,455,1100,2622,2650],"setting":[139,3490],"or":[144,321,394,397,403,438,449,470,602,657,801,1036,1051,1180,1185,1205,1314,1489,1584,1955,2318,2648,2732,2845,3004,3208,3679],"immunodeficient":[148],"host.":[149,495],"Toxoplasmosis":[150],"lifelong":[153],"that":[155,639,1134,1459,2038,2454,2614,2965,3694,3729,3760],"classified":[158],"into":[159,442],"acute":[160,165,261,665,717,880,1085,1135,1790,1825,1896,2069,2618,2989,3264,3500,3922],"chronic":[162,176],"stages.":[163],"characterized":[168,725],"parasitemia":[170],"following":[171,388,422,484,858,879,888,1877,2617,2670,2701],"initial":[173,2255,2321,2854,3778],"infection;":[174,2245],"occurs":[178,240,431,627,654,868,992,1041,1056],"when":[179,655,1038,1053,2872,3058,3128,3160,3328,3561],"becomes":[182],"encysted":[183],"host":[185,195],"tissues.":[186],"periodically":[189],"may":[190,211,357,595,701,751,794,1030,1112,1228,1798,2621,2796,2810,3067,3084,3192,3217,3503,3682],"break":[191],"out":[192,1950],"cells,resulting":[196],"local":[199,837,2588],"reactivation.":[200],"Under":[201],"certain":[202,925,3559],"conditions":[203],"(such":[204,406],"as":[205,252,304,407,915,917,1032,1034,1047,1049,1727,1922,1924,2067,2282,2920,3513,3708,3753],"inadequate":[207],"immune":[208,521],"response),":[209],"this":[210,2935,2983,3161,3314,3436,3606,3750],"result":[212,829,2586,3600,3655],"systemic":[214],"spread":[215,840],"infection.Toxoplasma":[217],"asexual":[221,229,245],"1).":[227,2788],"most":[234,705,765,896,1171,2558,2767,2985],"exclusively":[241],"cats.":[243],"consists":[247],"two":[249,1356,2201,3864],"forms":[250,3144],"known":[251,2824,3528,3820],"tachyzoites":[253,413,430],"(the":[254,267],"rapidly":[255],"dividing":[256],"form":[257,270,292,311],"phase":[262,3856],"infection)":[264],"bradyzoites":[266,374],"slowly":[268],"growing":[269],"tissue":[273,459,477,652,844,2683],"cysts).":[274],"begins":[278],"cat":[281,336,395],"gastro":[282],"intestinal":[283],"tract":[284],"where":[285,634],"gametocytes":[286],"are":[287,302,353,487,511,636,690,747,776,1419,2583,2765,2773,2779,2991,3101,3522,3905,3933],"formed":[288],"fertilized":[290],"zygotes,":[293],"then":[294],"zygotes":[295],"become":[296,317,1654],"encapsulated":[297],"within":[298,313,598,1101],"wall":[300],"shed":[303,327,338],"oocysts.":[305],"zygote":[307],"\u201csporulates\u201dand":[308],"divides":[309],"sporozoites":[312],"oocyst.":[315],"Sporozoites":[316],"infectious":[318,359,2562],"24":[319,2031],"hours":[320],"more":[322,361,944,1372,1962,2623,3376,3929],"oocyst":[325],"cat.":[330],"During":[331,3854],"primary":[333,424,1378,3221,3494],"millions":[339],"oocysts":[341,352,387,626],"daily":[342,1967,3711,3774],"for":[343,360,614,677,753,779,963,1066,1071,1077,1249,1256,1325,1430,1511,1673,1697,1729,1779,1849,1855,1912,1917,1925,1936,2212,2243,2601,2655,2829,2836,2851,2923,3027,3220,3230,3237,3283,3369,3382,3391,3406,3445,3474,3534,3570,3574,3583,3776,3882,3908,3941],"period":[345,1045,1184,3779],"1":[347,363,918,1641,2509,2537,3861],"3":[349,1605,1663,1973,2494],"weeks.":[350],"very":[354,1684],"hardy":[355],"remain":[358,767],"than":[362,2629,3542],"year":[364,2187],"(especially":[365],"warm,":[367],"humid":[368,646],"environments).T":[369],"oocysts,":[371],"tachyzoites,":[372],"all":[375,738,1194,1246,1674,1839,2385,2447,2822],"cause":[377,2560,2574],"humans.":[380],"Infection":[381,622,648],"ingestion":[385,434,457,624,650],"handling":[390],"contaminated":[392,401],"soil":[393],"litter":[396],"consumption":[399],"water":[402],"food":[404],"sources":[405],"unwashed":[408],"garden":[409],"vegetables).":[410],"Transmission":[411,1015],"fetus":[416,878,991,1093,3338],"via":[419],"placenta":[421],"maternal":[425,683,881,1012,1039,1054,1086,1105,1136,1145,1165,1803,1884,1956,2011,2083,2808,3265,3414,3493,3520,3553,3923],"infection.":[426,882,1441,1907,2818,2867,3495,3589],"Rarely,":[427],"from":[432,623,649,787,830,843,875,984,1144,1494,1711,2007,2229,2587,3088,3296,3602,3656],"unpasteurized":[436],"milk":[437],"direct":[440,2160],"entry":[441],"bloodstream":[444],"through":[445,471,1297,1462,2896],"blood":[447,1023,1128,1241,1576,1635,1909,3043,3611],"transfusion":[448],"laboratory":[450,2252],"accident.":[451],"Finally,":[452],"transmission":[453,864,972,980,1061,1111,1122,1794,3321,3480,3512],"(bradyzoites)":[461],"present":[462,2552],"undercooked":[464,656],"meat(especially":[465],"pork,":[466],"mutton,":[467],"beef)":[469],"transplantation":[472,859],"organ":[475,819],"containing":[476],"cysts.Clinical":[478],"manifestations":[479],"severity":[481,1153,1864,1873,3325],"illness":[483],"affected":[488],"interplay":[491],"between":[492,603,2162,3649],"Strain":[496],"virulence,":[497],"size":[499],"inoculum,":[501],"stage,":[505],"route":[508],"important":[512,968,2573,3907],"variables.":[514],"Host":[515],"variables":[516],"include":[517,2730,3114,3247,3552],"competence":[518],"response":[522],"(both":[523],"cellular":[524],"humoral),integrity":[526],"mucosal":[528],"epithelial":[530],"barriers,":[531],"age.":[533],"Differences":[534],"susceptibility":[536,572],"based":[537],"on":[538,672,682,1245,1451,2254,2320,2324,2476,2907,3457,3507,3688,3749,3815],"genetic":[539],"background":[540],"have":[541,611,847,901,973,1186,1203,1213,1426,1437,1616,2055,2139,2204,2598,2663,2716,2862,3040,3079,3125,3202,3240,3419,3761,3793,3822],"demonstrated":[543,1427,2158,2205,2942],"models.":[546],"murine":[549],"model,":[550,3179],"differences":[551,570],"major":[554],"histocompatibility":[555],"complex":[556],"class":[557],"I":[558],"genes,":[559],"which":[560,1011,1164,3092,3466,3598],"involve":[561],"antigen":[562],"presentation":[563],"CD8":[565],"cells,":[566],"were":[567,1272,1333,1503,1509,1515,1541,1565,1695,1736,1752,2005,2019,2032,2039,2065,2117,2190,2227,2237,2259,2280,2386,2414,2491,2959,2966,3740],"Toxoplasmaencephalitis.The":[574],"worldwide":[575],"prevalence":[576],"T":[578,788,866,982,1089,1796,1913,1937,2900,3146,3482,3733,3900],"gondii-specific":[579],"antibody":[580,771,1786],"adults":[582,3791],"increases":[583],"advancing":[585],"age":[586,1009,1162,1732],"differs":[588],"widely":[589],"geographic":[591],"location.":[592],"Seroprevalence":[593],"rates":[594,610,1016,2595],"vary":[596],"dramatically":[597],"single":[600,709],"region":[601],"neighboring":[604],"regions.":[605],"Some":[606],"highest":[609],"Central":[615,617],"America,":[616],"Africa,":[618],"Tahiti,":[619],"France.":[621],"frequently":[628],"parts":[630],"world":[633],"there":[635,2338],"live":[640],"outdoors":[641],"warm":[644],"environment.":[647],"raw":[658],"meat":[659],"eaten.":[661],"risk":[663,778,1026,1429,2828,3509,3784],"acquired":[666,687,742,853,903,2603,2619,2725,2783,2911,2988,3003],"pregnancy":[670,759,1176,1746],"depends":[671],"yearly":[674],"seroconversion":[675,3259],"rate":[676,996,1003,1062,3154],"given":[679,1988,2191,2260,2436,3026,3869],"population":[680],"age.Most":[684],"cases":[685,739,766,828,849,2000,2018,2582,2790,2986,3392],"subclinical.":[691],"When":[692,1858,1939,3830],"symptomatic":[693,741,1331,2214],"does":[695],"occur,":[696],"only":[698,2326,2470,2508,3381,3741],"findings":[700,1324,2864],"focal":[703,798,810],"lymphadenopathy,":[704],"often":[706,1350,2778,3867],"involving":[707,2179],"site":[710],"about":[711,970],"head":[713],"neck.Less":[715],"commonly,":[716],"accompanied":[720],"mononucleosis-like":[723],"syndrome":[724,905],"fever,":[727],"malaise,":[728],"sore":[729],"throat,":[730],"headache,":[731],"myalgia,":[732],"atypical":[735],"lymphocytosis.":[736],"Nearly":[737,2446],"toxoplasmosis":[743,854,2604,2620,2990,3502,3824,3918],"immunocompetent":[745,2565],"individuals":[746,1507],"self-limiting,":[748,2992],"although":[749],"adenopathy":[750],"persist":[752],"months.":[754],"Acute":[755,2632],"also":[760,824,885,1615,1756,1933,1986,2247,2429,2570,2916,3224,3844],"subclinical,":[763],"undiagnosed":[768],"unless":[769],"antenatal":[770,1812,2022],"screening":[772,1250,1814],"performed.Immunocompromised":[774],"patients":[775,857,3010,3077,3200,3238],"at":[777,993,1010,1163,1220,1485,1536,1562,1731,1978,2046,2099,2122,2406,2468,2483,2505,2553,2827,3465],"developing":[780],"central":[782],"nervous":[783],"system":[784],"(CNS)":[785],"Headache":[790],"brain":[799,1415],"lesions":[800,1418,1514,2289,2475,2490],"diffuse":[802],"encephalitis.":[803],"Seizures,altered":[804],"mental":[805],"status,":[806],"visual":[807,1527,2375,2521,2646,3816],"disturbances,":[808],"neurologic":[811,1188,1379,1611,1639,2056,2334,2344,2544],"deficits":[812],"occur.":[814,826],"Disseminated":[815],"multiple":[818],"(heart,":[820],"lung,":[821],"liver,retina)":[822],"involvement":[823,1348],"Most":[827,1096,2581],"reactivation":[832,889,2589,3005],"latent":[834],"infection,":[835,1106,1945,2592,2793,2859,3796],"distant":[839],"organisms":[842],"cysts.":[845],"There":[846,1754,2973],"reports":[850],"immunosuppressed":[856],"infected":[861,987,1173,1196,2027,2225,3340],"solid":[862],"organs.Vertical":[863],"transplacental":[870],"transfer":[871],"mother":[876,988,3409,3577],"Fetal":[883,977,1082,1150,1908,2076],"occurred":[887,2397,3420],"immunocompromised":[893,2579,3009],"pregnant":[894,1821,2063,3909],"women,":[895],"notably":[897],"those":[899],"immunodeficiency":[904],"(AIDS).":[906],"estimated":[908],"incidence":[909,931,950,955,1761,1834,1843,2134,2172,2697,3318,3635],"high":[916,930,1048,2594,3153,3709],"4":[920,1524,2527,3028],"per":[921],"1,000":[922],"births":[923,959],"European":[926,2060],"countries.":[927,2196],"A":[928,2270],"similar":[929],"previously":[932,2630],"select":[937],"areas":[938],"United":[941,2199,2627,3294],"States,":[942,2200],"recent":[945,2202,2611,2945],"studies":[946,1425,1890,2203,3150],"suggest":[947],"lower":[949],"these":[952,1940,2105,2449,2820],"regions;":[953],"approximately":[957,1064,3477,3699,3883],"0.1/1,000":[958],"Alabama":[964],"Massachusetts.":[966],"Several":[967],"features":[969],"maternal-fetal":[971],"established.Risk":[975],"Infection.":[978,1083],"Vertical":[979],"acutely":[986],"her":[990],"average":[995,1060],"30%":[998,1070,1766],"40%,":[1000],"varies":[1004,1157],"directly":[1005],"gestational":[1008,1161],"occurs.":[1014,1167],"appear":[1017],"correlate":[1019,1125],"well":[1020,1335,1923,3752],"placental":[1022,1127,2870],"flow;":[1024,1129],"fetal":[1028,1097,1121,1147,1155,1836,1859,1875,1899,1906,1944,2894,2939,2952,3329,3345,3395,3426,3511],"low":[1033,1685,1772,3203],"1%":[1035],"less":[1037,3541],"periconception":[1044],"90%":[1050],"greater":[1052,3647],"near":[1057],"term.":[1058],"15%":[1065],"tri-mester,":[1069],"second":[1073,1199,2707,3423],"trimester,":[1074,3566],"60%":[1076],"third":[1079,1201,1370,2709],"trimester.Timing":[1080],"Following":[1084],"infection,transmission":[1087],"delayed.":[1095],"infections":[1098,2786,2953,3001],"probably":[1099],"several":[1102,1597],"weeks":[1103,1477,1974,3031,3885],"time":[1109,1143],"longer":[1114],"some":[1116,1344,2652,2800,3777,3852],"cases.":[1117,2093],"delay":[1119,2357],"appears":[1123],"gestation":[1133,3389,3464],"occurs,":[1138,3331,3833],"shorter":[1140],"infection.Severity":[1148],"Disease.":[1151],"inversely":[1158],"Without":[1168],"Toxoplasma-specific":[1169,1257,1572,1742,2759],"chemotherapy,":[1170],"fetuses":[1172,1195,2028,2957],"early":[1174,3149],"die":[1177],"utero":[1179],"neonatal":[1183,2366],"ophthalmologic":[1190,1224,1432,1539],"disease.":[1191,1354,2113,2535],"Conversely,":[1192],"nearly":[1193,2384,3706],"trimesters":[1202],"mild":[1204],"subclinical":[1206,1214,1438,1630,2216,2452,2636],"newborn":[1210,1247,1289],"period.Most":[1211],"infants":[1212,1248,1270,1281,1326,1435,1469,1502,1551,1579,2095,2116,2147,2226,2236,2258,2823,2852,3584,3624,3692,3811],"no":[1217,1533,1557,1582,2340,2382,2501,2978],"overt":[1218],"birth.":[1221,1537],"However,":[1222],"specific":[1223,1918,2776,2993],"CNS":[1226,1313,1347,1366,3158],"evaluations":[1227],"reveal":[1229],"abnormalities.":[1230,1930],"New":[1232,2424,2488,3302,3638],"England":[1233,2425,3639],"Regional":[1234],"Newborn":[1235,2426],"Screening":[1236,2427],"Program":[1237,2428],"tests":[1238,1941,2715,2764,2856,3333],"filter":[1239],"paper-dried":[1240],"spot":[1242],"specimens":[1243,2905],"(collected":[1244],"metabolic,":[1251],"endocrine,":[1252],"hemoglobin":[1254],"abnormalities)":[1255],"immunoglobulin":[1258],"(Ig)":[1259],"M.":[1260],"Between":[1261],"January":[1262],"1986":[1263],"June":[1265],"1992,":[1266],"52":[1267,1280],"635,000":[1269],"screened":[1271],"identified":[1273,1461,2020,2029,2238,2960],"Toxoplasmainfection;":[1276],"50":[1277],"normal":[1283,1655,2388],"routine":[1284],"physical":[1285],"examinations":[1286],"period,":[1290],"their":[1292,1707,2432],"diagnosed":[1295,1566,1632,2066,2415,2456,3585],"solely":[1296,1567],"serologic":[1298,1464,1813,2459,2763,2815,2855],"screening.":[1299,1465,2460,2972],"After":[1300],"identified,":[1305],"further":[1306,2206,2812,2835,3332],"testing":[1307,2077,3427,3475],"revealed":[1308,2286],"abnormalities":[1309,1410,2253,2317],"either":[1311,1581,1946],"19":[1317,2378],"48":[1319],"(40%)infants":[1320],"examined.The":[1321],"principal":[1322,3591],"Eichenwald":[1337],"1960.":[1339],"These":[1340,2729,3361,3904],"invariably":[1342],"degree":[1345,3518],"significant":[1352,1638,1704,2249,2333,2515],"retinal":[1353,1417,1513,2112,2288,2466,2474,2489,2534,2658,2682,3874],"Approximately":[1355],"thirds":[1357],"them":[1359,2511],"primarily":[1362,3601],"limited":[1363],"eyes;":[1368],"one":[1369,2471,2975],"generalized":[1373,1399],"findings.":[1374],"Infants":[1375,1392],"typically":[1381],"intracranial":[1383,2107,2843],"calcifications,":[1384,2108,2844],"abnormal":[1385],"cerebrospinal":[1386],"fluid":[1387,1932,2904,3469],"(CSF)":[1388],"profiles,chorioretinitis,":[1389],"convulsions.":[1391],"signs":[1395,2838,3036],"symptoms":[1397,2241,3034,3802],"hepatosplenomegaly,":[1402],"lymphadenopathy,hyperbilirubinemia,":[1403],"anemia":[1405],"addition":[1407,3848],"CSF":[1409,1496,2927,3723,3738],"chorioretinitis.":[1412],"Examples":[1413],"shown":[1420,3169],"Figure":[1422],"2.Several":[1423],"prospective":[1424,1463,2458],"long-term":[1431,1610,2136],"sequelae":[1433,1540],"study":[1444,2612,2946,3640],"Amsterdam,":[1446],"Koppe":[1447],"et":[1448,1545],"al":[1449,1546],"12":[1452],"Five":[1466],"received":[1470,1580,2278],"brief":[1472,1586],"course":[1473,1587,2264,2440],"therapy":[1475,1957,2084,2166,2211,2995,3018,3275,3349,3595,3678],"(3":[1476],"pyrimethamine":[1479,1591,1968,3072,3403,3603,3650,3689,3775],"sulfadiazine)":[1481,3850],"because":[1482,3397,3911],"chorioretinitis":[1484,2051,2563,2597,2700,3787,3832],"birth":[1486,1563,2047,2407],"(four":[1487],"infants)":[1488],"isolation":[1491,2731],"(one":[1497],"infant).":[1498],"remaining":[1500],"seven":[1501],"untreated.":[1504],"Of":[1505,2024,2035,2377,2461,2761],"11":[1506,1599],"available":[1510,1696,3190,3291],"follow-up,":[1512],"9":[1518],"(82%)":[1519],"over":[1520,1596],"20-year":[1522],"period;":[1523],"impairment,":[1528],"including":[1529,1604,2645,2963,3936],"2":[1530,1647,1657,1682,2049,2409,3884],"ocular":[1534,2576,2615,3801],"Similar":[1538],"Wilson":[1544],"(The":[1547],"Stanford-Alabama":[1548,1621],"Study).":[1549],"Thirteen":[1550],"evidence":[1559,2502,3446],"presence":[1570,2804],"IgM":[1573],"cord":[1575,1634],"specimens.":[1577],"Again,":[1578],"treatment":[1583,1804,1819,1885,1964,2177,2222,2263,2279,2439,3110,3581,3619],"(1":[1588,3272],"month)":[1589],"sulfadiazine.":[1593,3657],"On":[1594],"follow-up":[1595,2285,2325,2477],"years,":[1598],"(85%)":[1600],"developed":[1602,1637,1642,1664,2718],"chorioretinitis,":[1603],"blindness.Significant":[1609],"neurodevelopmental":[1613],"complications":[1614],"reported.":[1618],"study,":[1622,2061],"5":[1623],"13":[1626,1675],"serology":[1636],"complications:":[1640],"psychomotor":[1643,1650],"retardation,microcephaly,":[1644],"seizures;":[1646],"delayed":[1649,2798],"development":[1651,3937],"(reported":[1652],"eventually);":[1656],"persistent":[1659,2543],"cerebellar":[1660],"dysfunction;":[1661],"sensorineural":[1665],"hearing":[1666],"loss.":[1667],"mean":[1669,1708],"intelligence":[1670],"quotient":[1671],"(IQ)score":[1672],"88":[1678],"\u00b1":[1679],"23,":[1680],"scores":[1686,1774],"36":[1688,3623],"62.":[1690],"Furthermore,":[1691],"six":[1692],"retesting":[1698],"5.5":[1699],"years":[1700,1734,1781,2485],"fall":[1705,3539],"IQ":[1709,1773],"score":[1710],"97":[1712],"74.":[1714],"National":[1717],"Collaborative":[1718],"Perinatal":[1719],"Project":[1720],"(National":[1721],"Institutes":[1722],"Health),deafness":[1724],"twice":[1726,3707],"7":[1733,1780],"born":[1737],"mothers":[1739,1751,1783,3485],"IgG":[1743,2809],"detected":[1744],"compared":[1747,1852,3713],"whose":[1750,1782,2853,3536],"seronegative.":[1753],"60%increase":[1758],"microcephaly":[1763],"increase":[1767],"occurrence":[1770],"(<70)":[1775],"followed":[1778,2228,2281],"levels":[1787,3690,3704,3724,3739],"consistent":[1788,1951,2865],"during":[1792,3262],"pregnancy.Vertical":[1793],"reduced":[1800,1882],"significantly":[1801],"macrolide":[1807],"antibiotic":[1808],"spiramycin.":[1809,2075],"program":[1815],"France,":[1817],"spiramycin":[1818,1871,1976,3271,3368],"women":[1822,1851,1893,2064,2908,3535,3910],"resulted":[1828,2078],"reduction":[1831],"across":[1838],"trimesters;":[1840],"overall":[1842],"58%":[1848],"untreated":[1850,2302,2347],"23%":[1854],"treated":[1856,2073,2293,2312,3837],"women.":[1857],"occurred,":[1861],"however,":[1862],"not":[1868,2054,2998,3323,3429,3527],"altered":[1869],"treatment.The":[1872],"combination":[1887,2180,3096,3131],"chemotherapy.":[1888],"France,pregnant":[1892],"underwent":[1898],"ultrasonographic":[1900,2971],"surveys":[1901],"cordocentesis":[1903,2969],"assess":[1905],"cultured":[1911,1935],"tested":[1916],"total":[1920,2525],"IgM,":[1921],"hematologic":[1926,3439],"serum":[1928,3696,3721,3746],"chemistry":[1929],"Amniotic":[1931],"indicated":[1942],"probable":[1943],"abortion":[1947],"carried":[1949,2040],"French":[1953],"law":[1954],"changed":[1959],"aggressive":[1963],"regimen":[1965,3378,3551],"plus":[1969],"sulfonamide":[1970],"alternating":[1971],"every":[1972],"beginning":[1977],"24th":[1980],"week":[1981,3387],"gestation.":[1983],"Folinic":[1984],"acid":[1985,2090,2750,3023,3053,3355,3665],"help":[1990],"prevent":[1991,3916,3921],"potentially":[1993,3928],"toxic":[1994],"side":[1995,3592,3758],"effects":[1996,3759],"pyrimethamine.":[1998,3098,3133],"Forty-two":[1999],"among":[2008,2955,3788],"746":[2009],"documented":[2010,3151,3261,3394],"infections,":[2012],"39":[2014,2026,2529],"(93%)":[2015],"testing.":[2023],"antenatally,":[2030],"aborted":[2033],"electively.":[2034],"15":[2037,2123,3478],"term,13":[2042],"did":[2053],"complications.":[2057,2335],"another":[2059],"163":[2062],"having":[2068],"change":[2081,3087],"pyrimethamine,":[2086,3248,3351,3673,3839],"sulfadiazine,":[2087,3352],"folinic":[2089,2268,2444,3022,3052,3257,3354,3664,3841],"23":[2092],"Twenty-seven":[2094],"birth,":[2100,2469,2506],"10":[2102,2401],"(37%)":[2103],"ventriculomegaly,":[2109],"peripheral":[2111,2479],"All":[2114],"27":[2115],"symptom-free":[2121],"71":[2125],"months":[2126,2421],"age.In":[2128],"attempt":[2130],"reduce":[2132],"complications,":[2137,2644],"investigators":[2138],"tried":[2140,3107],"control":[2142],"young":[2146],"employing":[2149],"extended":[2150,2210],"anti-Toxoplasma":[2151,3015],"drug":[2152,2994,3162,3227,3280,3315,3448,3554],"regimens.":[2153],"Studies":[2154],"France":[2156,2193],"relationship":[2161],"duration":[2164],"decrease":[2169],"Toxoplasma-related":[2174],"sequelae.":[2175],"Subsequently,":[2176],"regimens":[2178,3719],"chemotherapy":[2181,3013],"administered":[2182,3562],"entire":[2185],"other":[2195,2929,3174],"benefit":[2208],"infection.In":[2218],"Chicago":[2220,3617],"collaborative":[2221,3618],"trial,":[2223,3620],"44":[2224],"1981":[2230],"1991.":[2232],"majority":[2234],"suspicious":[2242],"presentation.":[2256],"Thirty-seven":[2257],"1-year":[2262,2438],"pyrimethamine,sulfadiazine,":[2266,2442,3020],"acid.":[2269,2445,3842],"small":[2271],"group":[2272],"older":[2274],"never":[2277],"controls.":[2283],"Ophthalmologic":[2284],"new":[2287,2473,2533,2656,2674,3182],"8%":[2291],"(mean":[2295,2304],"age,":[2296,2305],"3.4":[2297],"years)compared":[2298],"29%":[2300],"controls":[2303],"5.6":[2306],"years).":[2307],"Twenty-one":[2308],"37":[2311,2949],"(57%)":[2314],"motor":[2316],"seizures":[2319],"evaluation,":[2322],"8":[2327,2399,2411],"34":[2329],"tested(24%)":[2331],"contrast,":[2337],"improvement":[2341],"status":[2345],"children.":[2348],"Risk":[2349],"factors":[2350],"poor":[2353],"outcomes":[2354],"included":[2355],"initiation":[2359],"treatment(delay":[2361]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
