{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4242374705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2","title":"Music: Its Expressive Power and Moral Significance","display_name":"Music: Its Expressive Power and Moral Significance","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4242374705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=musicalofferings","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219206","display_name":"Musical Offerings","issn_l":"2167-3799","issn":["2167-3799","2330-8206"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316673","host_organization_name":"Department of Music and Worship","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316673"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Department of Music and Worship"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Musical Offerings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=musicalofferings","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009433287","display_name":"Sarah K. Whitfield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6657-2835","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6657-2835"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169138485","display_name":"Cedarville University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t28d595","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169138485"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Whitfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cedarville University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cedarville University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169138485"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009433287"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169138485"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66459378,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"11","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10941","display_name":"Musicology and Musical Analysis","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1210","display_name":"Music"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10941","display_name":"Musicology and Musical Analysis","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1210","display_name":"Music"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14092","display_name":"Ethics, Aesthetics, and Art","score":0.013700000010430813,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11463","display_name":"Classical Philosophy and Thought","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/music-and-morality","display_name":"music and morality","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/music-and-emotion","display_name":"music and emotion","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality-development","display_name":"personality development","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/musical-modes","display_name":"musical modes","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plato","display_name":"Plato","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aristotle","display_name":"Aristotle","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-greek-music-theory","display_name":"ancient Greek music theory","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtue","display_name":"virtue","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/music-and-the-soul","display_name":"music and the soul","score":0.550000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.669187068939209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777239683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157811","display_name":"Virtue","level":2,"score":0.656498908996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200113983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48324","display_name":"Morality","level":2,"score":0.6057434678077698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780822299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9165","display_name":"Soul","level":2,"score":0.5894066691398621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5765829682350159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558565934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743","display_name":"Musical","level":2,"score":0.5493528246879578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776453491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5659234","display_name":"Harmony (color)","level":2,"score":0.544004499912262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92027692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2092865","display_name":"Philosophy of music","level":4,"score":0.5196546316146851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10864753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4353948","display_name":"Music and emotion","level":4,"score":0.45346203446388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778823110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12504525","display_name":"Moral character","level":2,"score":0.42874765396118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.4173881411552429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70789860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2018526","display_name":"The arts","level":2,"score":0.4155697226524353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.39924880862236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.3739468455314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82327399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10590700","display_name":"Music history","level":3,"score":0.3668856620788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35921531915664673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.24009639024734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0844578742980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=musicalofferings","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219206","display_name":"Musical Offerings","issn_l":"2167-3799","issn":["2167-3799","2330-8206"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316673","host_organization_name":"Department of Music and Worship","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316673"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Department of Music and Worship"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Musical Offerings","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.820.7731","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.820.7731","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article%3D1012%26context%3Dmusicalofferings","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.cedarville.edu:musicalofferings-1012","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/musicalofferings/vol1/iss1/2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196552","display_name":"DigitalCommons-Cedarville (Cedarville University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169138485","host_organization_name":"Cedarville University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169138485"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Musical Offerings","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8c600f768a67464ba1bb8957fe5205b7","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8c600f768a67464ba1bb8957fe5205b7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Musical Offerings, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 11-19 (2010)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bf53766f89664ab78d3289eedc72f995","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bf53766f89664ab78d3289eedc72f995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Musical Offerings, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 11-19 (2010)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15385/jmo.2010.1.1.2","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=musicalofferings","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219206","display_name":"Musical Offerings","issn_l":"2167-3799","issn":["2167-3799","2330-8206"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316673","host_organization_name":"Department of Music and Worship","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316673"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Department of Music and Worship"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Musical Offerings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7300000190734863}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4242374705.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4242374705.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493542328","https://openalex.org/W1581607910","https://openalex.org/W1984231550","https://openalex.org/W1990933345","https://openalex.org/W2042091636","https://openalex.org/W2558427983","https://openalex.org/W2883810257","https://openalex.org/W4235041464","https://openalex.org/W4298289716"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7050352783","https://openalex.org/W146774671","https://openalex.org/W2317236080","https://openalex.org/W1983271936","https://openalex.org/W2986408667","https://openalex.org/W2009573568","https://openalex.org/W4312661066","https://openalex.org/W2585008182","https://openalex.org/W7003659168","https://openalex.org/W2042091636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,71,93],"creation":[1],"and":[2,13,18,30,56,87,98,118,124,155,170],"practice":[3],"of":[4,26,34,54,73,113,133],"music":[5,55,102,165],"is":[6,76],"tightly":[7],"wound":[8],"with":[9],"human":[10,27,145,168],"emotion,":[11],"character,":[12,29],"experience.":[14],"Music":[15],"arouses":[16],"sentiment":[17],"cannot":[19,68],"be":[20,69],"underestimated":[21],"as":[22],"a":[23,148],"powerful":[24],"shaper":[25],"virtue,":[28],"emotion.":[31],"As":[32],"vehicles":[33],"musical":[35,138],"expression,":[36],"musicians":[37,61],"possess":[38],"the":[39,52,57,80,111,121,134],"ability":[40],"to":[41,79,90,110,131,157],"profoundly":[42,166],"influence":[43],"an":[44,104],"audience":[45],"for":[46,49],"good":[47],"or":[48,115,137],"evil.":[50],"Thus,":[51],"nature":[53],"manner":[58],"in":[59,120,147],"which":[60],"utilize":[62],"it":[63],"creates":[64],"innumerable":[65],"ramifications":[66],"that":[67,101,107,141,164],"ignored.":[70],"pervasiveness":[72],"this":[74],"notion":[75],"largely":[77],"attributed":[78,127],"Greek":[81,95],"theorists,":[82],"who":[83],"ascribed":[84],"various":[85],"emotions":[86],"moral":[88,114],"implications":[89],"particular":[91],"modes.":[92],"prominent":[94],"philosophers":[96],"Plato":[97,123],"Aristotle":[99],"affirmed":[100],"contained":[103],"intrinsic":[105],"element":[106],"was":[108],"conducive":[109],"promotion":[112],"spiritual":[116],"harmony":[117],"order":[119],"soul.":[122],"his":[125],"contemporaries":[126],"specific":[128],"character-forming":[129],"qualities":[130],"each":[132,142],"individual":[135],"harmonia,":[136],"modes,":[139],"believing":[140],"could":[143],"shape":[144],"character":[146,169],"distinct":[149],"way.":[150],"These":[151],"ideas":[152],"inevitably":[153],"persisted":[154],"continue":[156],"endure.":[158],"Theorists":[159],"throughout":[160],"history":[161],"have":[162],"agreed":[163],"influences":[167],"shapes":[171],"morality.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}