{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4241793333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","title":"The Effect of Business Enabling Policies, Tax Treatment, Corruption and Political Connections on Business Climate","display_name":"The Effect of Business Enabling Policies, Tax Treatment, Corruption and Political Connections on Business Climate","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4241793333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S160800360","display_name":"Acta Polytechnica Hungarica","issn_l":"1785-8860","issn":["1785-8860","2064-2687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315431","host_organization_name":"\u00d3buda University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315431"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["\u00d3buda University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Polytechnica Hungarica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033016930","display_name":"Gentjan \u00c7era","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9324-181X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9324-181X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00c7era, Gentjan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Breckova, Pavla","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Breckova, Pavla","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"\u00c7era, Edmond","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00c7era, Edmond","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072050938","display_name":"Zolt\u00e1n R\u00f3zsa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5748-5702","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5748-5702"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R\u00f3zsa, Zolt\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1276,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94098696,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.9413999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.9413999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12225","display_name":"Political Influence and Corporate Strategies","score":0.031300000846385956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.013100000098347664,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-environment","display_name":"business environment","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tax-treatment","display_name":"tax treatment","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corruption","display_name":"corruption","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-connections","display_name":"political connections","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-institutions","display_name":"formal institutions","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-institutions","display_name":"informal institutions","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-context","display_name":"institutional environment","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albania","display_name":"Albania","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-performance","display_name":"firm performance","score":0.5189999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.7591469287872314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6116418242454529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5126623511314392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5073005557060242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34630208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7016388","display_name":"New business development","level":3,"score":0.4863596558570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.37441158294677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3363402485847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.3321990966796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.30178284645080566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4216890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815823","display_name":"Business model","level":2,"score":0.26233145594596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.21448025107383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S160800360","display_name":"Acta Polytechnica Hungarica","issn_l":"1785-8860","issn":["1785-8860","2064-2687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315431","host_organization_name":"\u00d3buda University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315431"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["\u00d3buda University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Polytechnica Hungarica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publikace.k.utb.cz:10563/1009021","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publikace.k.utb.cz/handle/10563/1009021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400350","display_name":"Repository of TBU publications (Univerzita Tomase Bati ze Zline)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165737746","host_organization_name":"Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165737746"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Acta Polytechnica Hungarica","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.12700/aph.16.4.2019.4.6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S160800360","display_name":"Acta Polytechnica Hungarica","issn_l":"1785-8860","issn":["1785-8860","2064-2687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315431","host_organization_name":"\u00d3buda University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315431"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["\u00d3buda University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Polytechnica Hungarica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8046000003814697,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"score":0.6452000141143799,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4241793333.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4241793333.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1452594","https://openalex.org/W622786078","https://openalex.org/W1507338790","https://openalex.org/W1593745212","https://openalex.org/W1917758158","https://openalex.org/W1969029006","https://openalex.org/W1977117367","https://openalex.org/W1982180563","https://openalex.org/W1985219317","https://openalex.org/W1988151581","https://openalex.org/W1990068020","https://openalex.org/W1993246966","https://openalex.org/W2019639938","https://openalex.org/W2020886204","https://openalex.org/W2021696150","https://openalex.org/W2024172129","https://openalex.org/W2025743102","https://openalex.org/W2028511124","https://openalex.org/W2039447498","https://openalex.org/W2039865504","https://openalex.org/W2041686254","https://openalex.org/W2043867338","https://openalex.org/W2045114160","https://openalex.org/W2046579987","https://openalex.org/W2053080892","https://openalex.org/W2060810437","https://openalex.org/W2062544375","https://openalex.org/W2069708315","https://openalex.org/W2074007147","https://openalex.org/W2083040360","https://openalex.org/W2085169075","https://openalex.org/W2110310228","https://openalex.org/W2115709314","https://openalex.org/W2126588792","https://openalex.org/W2132440823","https://openalex.org/W2133405273","https://openalex.org/W2134943061","https://openalex.org/W2136823593","https://openalex.org/W2137810157","https://openalex.org/W2140586339","https://openalex.org/W2145185408","https://openalex.org/W2156660837","https://openalex.org/W2265962062","https://openalex.org/W2305451378","https://openalex.org/W2344557429","https://openalex.org/W2345930706","https://openalex.org/W2565405647","https://openalex.org/W2593964291","https://openalex.org/W2601069129","https://openalex.org/W2610209531","https://openalex.org/W2618456025","https://openalex.org/W2673098510","https://openalex.org/W2726951400","https://openalex.org/W2732460448","https://openalex.org/W2751182539","https://openalex.org/W2756357666","https://openalex.org/W2757415362","https://openalex.org/W2757619099","https://openalex.org/W2768677721","https://openalex.org/W2880488906","https://openalex.org/W2891823472","https://openalex.org/W2897663756","https://openalex.org/W3023858863","https://openalex.org/W3080732781","https://openalex.org/W3121281656","https://openalex.org/W3122556265","https://openalex.org/W3123296080","https://openalex.org/W3124612598","https://openalex.org/W3124959784","https://openalex.org/W4240020228","https://openalex.org/W4248163617","https://openalex.org/W4298413470","https://openalex.org/W4371987594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7057282803","https://openalex.org/W4307320896","https://openalex.org/W3020930728","https://openalex.org/W2944608578","https://openalex.org/W7096450608","https://openalex.org/W4408763373","https://openalex.org/W567934030","https://openalex.org/W3104783468","https://openalex.org/W2591358760","https://openalex.org/W2142412159"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"impact":[1,117],"of":[2,13,35,38,76,97,155],"the":[3,7,17,47,51,74,77,81,116,119,149,164],"institutional":[4],"environment":[5],"on":[6,93,118],"business":[8,25,71,120,127,145,150,165],"activity":[9],"was":[10,91,142],"a":[11,113,135],"subject":[12],"several":[14],"previous":[15],"studies.However,":[16],"ways":[18],"in":[19,22,46,73,101],"which":[20],"changes":[21],"institutions":[23,56,65],"affect":[24],"climate":[26,72,128],"have":[27,134],"not":[28],"received":[29],"proper":[30],"attention":[31],"from":[32],"scholars":[33],"as":[34,112],"yet.The":[36],"purpose":[37],"this":[39,44],"paper":[40],"is":[41],"to":[42,133,159,162],"fill":[43],"gap":[45],"literature":[48],"by":[49],"examining":[50],"relationship":[52],"between":[53,144],"selected":[54],"formal":[55,106],"(business":[57],"enabling":[58,146],"policies":[59,147,161],"and":[60,63,67,70,123,148],"tax":[61],"treatment)":[62],"informal":[64,109],"(corruption":[66],"political":[68,124],"connections)":[69],"context":[75],"developing":[78],"country.To":[79],"test":[80],"proposed":[82],"hypotheses":[83],"an":[84,94],"ordinal":[85],"regression":[86],"with":[87],"two":[88],"link":[89],"functions":[90],"applied":[92],"original":[95],"dataset":[96],"404":[98],"firms":[99],"operating":[100],"Albania.Results":[102],"show":[103],"that":[104],"neither":[105],"institutions,":[107],"nor":[108],"ones":[110],"act":[111],"block":[114],"concerning":[115],"climate.Tax":[121],"treatment":[122],"connections":[125],"affected":[126],"negatively,":[129],"whereas":[130],"corruption":[131],"seemed":[132],"positive":[136,138],"impact.A":[137],"but":[139],"insignificant":[140],"effect":[141],"found":[143],"climate.Our":[151],"research":[152],"triggers":[153],"interest":[154],"policymakers":[156],"who":[157],"intend":[158],"design":[160],"improve":[163],"environment.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
