{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4241498086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851125.001.0001","title":"The Three Pillars of Radicalization","display_name":"The Three Pillars of Radicalization","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4241498086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851125.001.0001","mag":"2946697860"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/oso/9780190851125.001.0001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851125.001.0001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851125.001.0001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"edited-book"},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075852205","display_name":"Arie W. Kruglanski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4777-9299","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4777-9299"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arie W. Kruglanski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Distinguished University Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Distinguished University Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074076952","display_name":"Jocelyn J. B\u00e9langer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3881-0335","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3881-0335"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120250893","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120250893","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["AE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jocelyn J. B\u00e9langer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor of Psychology, New York University in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor of Psychology, New York University in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050182234","display_name":"Rohan Kumar Gunaratna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0202-5626","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0202-5626"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rohan Gunaratna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor of Security Studies, International Centre for Political Violence and Terrorism Research; S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technology University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor of Security Studies, International Centre for Political Violence and Terrorism Research; S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technology University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.8091,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":326,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99425096,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14110","display_name":"Islamic Studies and Radicalism","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radicalization","display_name":"radicalization","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/violent-extremism","display_name":"violent extremism","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-meaning","display_name":"personal meaning","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collective-narratives","display_name":"collective narratives","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-networks","display_name":"social networks","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-identity","display_name":"social identity","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/martyrdom","display_name":"martyrdom","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deradicalization","display_name":"deradicalization","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recidivism","display_name":"recidivism","score":0.984000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3416483","display_name":"Radicalization","level":3,"score":0.9496687650680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.7121232748031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51364203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1563532","display_name":"HERO","level":2,"score":0.5004801750183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151915780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5146163","display_name":"Collective identity","level":3,"score":0.4993607997894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779403001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6498826","display_name":"Martyr","level":2,"score":0.43829208612442017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.4329301714897156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4171944856643677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.41083499789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3739061951637268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3494674861431122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.3307861089706421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3252815008163452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.28939390182495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203133693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7283","display_name":"Terrorism","level":2,"score":0.26156073808670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.1977234184741974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.14516159892082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.1420363187789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.10509905219078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.10333675146102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/oso/9780190851125.001.0001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851125.001.0001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190851125.001.0001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"edited-book"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031063655","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:443/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031063655&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bibliotecavirtualdefensa.es:790787","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://bibliotecavirtual.defensa.gob.es/BVMDefensa/es/consulta/registro.do?id=790787","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196928","display_name":"Virtual Defense Library (Ministerio de Defensa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210162908","host_organization_name":"Ministerio de Defensa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162908"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Libros"},{"id":"mag:2946697860","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2019-22726-000","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7297000288963318}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2946216520","https://openalex.org/W2144860744","https://openalex.org/W4395011950","https://openalex.org/W3155751013","https://openalex.org/W4311436547","https://openalex.org/W4220892165","https://openalex.org/W2946697860","https://openalex.org/W6959337708","https://openalex.org/W2981494525","https://openalex.org/W4377037938"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"book":[2],"identifies":[3],"the":[4,15,24,36,47,61,69,176,182,199,202,207,211,224,245],"three":[5,16,92],"major":[6,93,242],"determinants":[7],"of":[8,18,44,64,91,99,119,201,206,221,237,247],"radicalization":[9,222,238],"that":[10,160,228],"progresses":[11],"into":[12],"violent":[13],"extremism,":[14],"Ns":[17],"radicalization.":[19],"The":[20,32,57,83,217],"first":[21],"determinant":[22,34,59],"is":[23,35,40,60,87,196,214],"need:":[25],"Individuals\u2019":[26],"universal":[27],"desire":[28],"for":[29,55,85,141],"personal":[30,103],"significance.":[31,56,192],"second":[33],"narrative.":[37],"Because":[38],"significance":[39,86,100,120,143],"conferred":[41],"by":[42,102,152,210],"members":[43,51,79],"one\u2019s":[45,65,108,133,155],"group,":[46],"group\u2019s":[48],"narrative":[49,70,177],"guides":[50],"in":[52,89,244],"their":[53,162],"quest":[54,84],"third":[58],"network:":[62],"membership":[63],"group":[66,134,156],"who":[67,72,80],"validate":[68],"and":[71,76,184,223,239,249],"dispense":[73],"rewards":[74],"(respect":[75],"veneration)":[77],"to":[78,107,125,127,131,191,198,233,240],"implement":[81],"it.":[82],"activated":[88],"one":[90,123],"ways:":[94],"(a)":[95],"through":[96,116,138],"a":[97,117,128,142,147,150,188],"loss":[98,121],"occasioned":[101],"failure":[104],"or":[105,130,149,173],"affront":[106],"social":[109],"identity":[110],"(e.g.,":[111,145,164],"ethnicity,":[112],"religion,":[113,165],"race),":[114],"(b)":[115],"threat":[118,169],"if":[122],"failed":[124],"respond":[126],"challenge":[129],"defend":[132],"values,":[135],"and/or":[136],"(c)":[137],"an":[139],"opportunity":[140],"gain":[144],"becoming":[146],"hero":[148],"martyr)":[151],"selflessly":[153],"defending":[154],"values.":[157],"In":[158],"groups":[159],"see":[161],"values":[163],"sovereignty,":[166],"culture)":[167],"under":[168],"from":[170],"some":[171],"(real":[172],"imagined)":[174],"actor,":[175],"often":[178],"justifies":[179],"violence":[180,195],"against":[181],"detractor":[183],"portrays":[185],"it":[186,230],"as":[187],"supreme":[189],"road":[190],"Especially":[193],"where":[194],"contrary":[197],"norms":[200],"mainstream":[203],"society,":[204],"validation":[205],"violence\u2013significance":[208],"link":[209],"local":[212],"network":[213],"particularly":[215],"important.":[216],"present":[218],"3N":[219],"model":[220],"varied":[225],"empirical":[226],"evidence":[227],"supports":[229],"are":[231],"leveraged":[232],"interpret":[234],"prior":[235],"theories":[236],"address":[241],"issues":[243],"domains":[246],"deradicalization":[248],"recidivism.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":73},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}