{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4239592565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107256514","title":"The Direction of War","display_name":"The Direction of War","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4239592565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107256514","mag":"650371876"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9781107256514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107256514","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107256514","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"monograph"},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055954126","display_name":"Hew Strachan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hew Strachan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055954126"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.3874,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":214,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99289119,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13494","display_name":"Military History and Strategy","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13494","display_name":"Military History and Strategy","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12888","display_name":"Military Strategy and Technology","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12957","display_name":"War, Ethics, and Justification","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-strategy","display_name":"military strategy","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iraq-war","display_name":"Iraq War","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/afghanistan-war","display_name":"Afghanistan War","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-9-11-wars","display_name":"post-9/11 wars","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-history","display_name":"military history","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-failure","display_name":"strategic failure","score":0.5040000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781466463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621695","display_name":"Blame","level":2,"score":0.8271365165710449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5679380297660828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5213685631752014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81631423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859","display_name":"Spanish Civil War","level":2,"score":0.5162506103515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.5015127658843994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.33002591133117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.32636579871177673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2665438950061798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1427786648273468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.12944698333740234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11255434155464172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9781107256514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107256514","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107256514","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"monograph"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bibliotecavirtualdefensa.es:1006976","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://bibliotecavirtual.defensa.gob.es/BVMDefensa/es/consulta/registro.do?id=1006976","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196928","display_name":"Virtual Defense Library (Ministerio de Defensa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210162908","host_organization_name":"Ministerio de Defensa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162908"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Libros"},{"id":"mag:650371876","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://assets.cambridge.org/97811070/47853/frontmatter/9781107047853_frontmatter.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":228,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19856238","https://openalex.org/W34671666","https://openalex.org/W66431599","https://openalex.org/W100332902","https://openalex.org/W115263298","https://openalex.org/W165011565","https://openalex.org/W211193838","https://openalex.org/W214321614","https://openalex.org/W340605549","https://openalex.org/W345743104","https://openalex.org/W346517918","https://openalex.org/W350230472","https://openalex.org/W356284795","https://openalex.org/W378125342","https://openalex.org/W383234260","https://openalex.org/W411964668","https://openalex.org/W412419142","https://openalex.org/W561429201","https://openalex.org/W563787948","https://openalex.org/W563799634","https://openalex.org/W563939982","https://openalex.org/W565188424","https://openalex.org/W566742008","https://openalex.org/W566744005","https://openalex.org/W568729730","https://openalex.org/W569527944","https://openalex.org/W570638397","https://openalex.org/W573021173","https://openalex.org/W573201801","https://openalex.org/W577416758","https://openalex.org/W579654784","https://openalex.org/W581914823","https://openalex.org/W588452391","https://openalex.org/W594353688","https://openalex.org/W597238166","https://openalex.org/W601569866","https://openalex.org/W601670338","https://openalex.org/W602468445","https://openalex.org/W608597867","https://openalex.org/W615429998","https://openalex.org/W624193366","https://openalex.org/W627977710","https://openalex.org/W628914554","https://openalex.org/W629565389","https://openalex.org/W633587108","https://openalex.org/W633602217","https://openalex.org/W635388212","https://openalex.org/W638183084","https://openalex.org/W648219841","https://openalex.org/W650336137","https://openalex.org/W653759459","https://openalex.org/W654756822","https://openalex.org/W770477015","https://openalex.org/W777937145","https://openalex.org/W1481066202","https://openalex.org/W1486145806","https://openalex.org/W1487673069","https://openalex.org/W1489382093","https://openalex.org/W1493204179","https://openalex.org/W1499646075","https://openalex.org/W1500940533","https://openalex.org/W1509699257","https://openalex.org/W1511811696","https://openalex.org/W1514748175","https://openalex.org/W1514792336","https://openalex.org/W1521986838","https://openalex.org/W1524564440","https://openalex.org/W1527823958","https://openalex.org/W1536180478","https://openalex.org/W1537024456","https://openalex.org/W1541523734","https://openalex.org/W1544988041","https://openalex.org/W1547146759","https://openalex.org/W1548533425","https://openalex.org/W1556298276","https://openalex.org/W1560030813","https://openalex.org/W1560668237","https://openalex.org/W1561430783","https://openalex.org/W1563959452","https://openalex.org/W1564536347","https://openalex.org/W1566829130","https://openalex.org/W1567260533","https://openalex.org/W1569672852","https://openalex.org/W1573463428","https://openalex.org/W1582455717","https://openalex.org/W1583268439","https://openalex.org/W1586209842","https://openalex.org/W1587621413","https://openalex.org/W1592050422","https://openalex.org/W1593918951","https://openalex.org/W1594327532","https://openalex.org/W1594621244","https://openalex.org/W1596334510","https://openalex.org/W1598157321","https://openalex.org/W1601314663","https://openalex.org/W1603234724","https://openalex.org/W1605042960","https://openalex.org/W1605662196","https://openalex.org/W1710875786","https://openalex.org/W1893123793","https://openalex.org/W1926450312","https://openalex.org/W1963881244","https://openalex.org/W1966073816","https://openalex.org/W1966988216","https://openalex.org/W1967381129","https://openalex.org/W1969313312","https://openalex.org/W1970547195","https://openalex.org/W1974638294","https://openalex.org/W1975594354","https://openalex.org/W1976700654","https://openalex.org/W1977646854","https://openalex.org/W1984518883","https://openalex.org/W1984955602","https://openalex.org/W1989036936","https://openalex.org/W1991188736","https://openalex.org/W2002356333","https://openalex.org/W2009582547","https://openalex.org/W2011735489","https://openalex.org/W2013272562","https://openalex.org/W2014541840","https://openalex.org/W2023950221","https://openalex.org/W2024598809","https://openalex.org/W2028332760","https://openalex.org/W2028749299","https://openalex.org/W2029735789","https://openalex.org/W2033017641","https://openalex.org/W2037376380","https://openalex.org/W2038132287","https://openalex.org/W2041563848","https://openalex.org/W2047661688","https://openalex.org/W2048436607","https://openalex.org/W2049003210","https://openalex.org/W2051273524","https://openalex.org/W2053994929","https://openalex.org/W2061643158","https://openalex.org/W2061933035","https://openalex.org/W2063273180","https://openalex.org/W2065982344","https://openalex.org/W2067736634","https://openalex.org/W2069682788","https://openalex.org/W2069874017","https://openalex.org/W2070603294","https://openalex.org/W2071787668","https://openalex.org/W2071909440","https://openalex.org/W2072069831","https://openalex.org/W2072809506","https://openalex.org/W2072832077","https://openalex.org/W2075723031","https://openalex.org/W2077237790","https://openalex.org/W2079251522","https://openalex.org/W2083196588","https://openalex.org/W2085073853","https://openalex.org/W2086200764","https://openalex.org/W2087393169","https://openalex.org/W2089130004","https://openalex.org/W2096704695","https://openalex.org/W2104376595","https://openalex.org/W2106468177","https://openalex.org/W2109327909","https://openalex.org/W2112699785","https://openalex.org/W2112927203","https://openalex.org/W2113146679","https://openalex.org/W2114833849","https://openalex.org/W2117610708","https://openalex.org/W2120359870","https://openalex.org/W2121441734","https://openalex.org/W2131609244","https://openalex.org/W2133880351","https://openalex.org/W2134723975","https://openalex.org/W2139382075","https://openalex.org/W2143969682","https://openalex.org/W2144913094","https://openalex.org/W2145704344","https://openalex.org/W2146796164","https://openalex.org/W2147436527","https://openalex.org/W2153319790","https://openalex.org/W2155336799","https://openalex.org/W2156757845","https://openalex.org/W2157199617","https://openalex.org/W2160045979","https://openalex.org/W2165621115","https://openalex.org/W2170386138","https://openalex.org/W2170531048","https://openalex.org/W2170703404","https://openalex.org/W2198474652","https://openalex.org/W2231559777","https://openalex.org/W2243960215","https://openalex.org/W2246925411","https://openalex.org/W2250886915","https://openalex.org/W2277037143","https://openalex.org/W2314938489","https://openalex.org/W2316784776","https://openalex.org/W2317502270","https://openalex.org/W2319472762","https://openalex.org/W2320417257","https://openalex.org/W2324209219","https://openalex.org/W2329456950","https://openalex.org/W2329608101","https://openalex.org/W2330659185","https://openalex.org/W2337424492","https://openalex.org/W2382636677","https://openalex.org/W2477461313","https://openalex.org/W2480317287","https://openalex.org/W2480860312","https://openalex.org/W2486001552","https://openalex.org/W2487123016","https://openalex.org/W2492738479","https://openalex.org/W2498609282","https://openalex.org/W2571925254","https://openalex.org/W2797479707","https://openalex.org/W2798220625","https://openalex.org/W2799829881","https://openalex.org/W2800477474","https://openalex.org/W2802557854","https://openalex.org/W2888788646","https://openalex.org/W2890356930","https://openalex.org/W2904799431","https://openalex.org/W2920318273","https://openalex.org/W2953746804","https://openalex.org/W2974971298","https://openalex.org/W3097269330","https://openalex.org/W3140264842","https://openalex.org/W3149549581","https://openalex.org/W3164750297","https://openalex.org/W4206023347","https://openalex.org/W4237634358","https://openalex.org/W4244778673","https://openalex.org/W4252356637"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W650371876","https://openalex.org/W2022973570","https://openalex.org/W2880160184","https://openalex.org/W275391675","https://openalex.org/W3013565522","https://openalex.org/W2485332664","https://openalex.org/W7095902511","https://openalex.org/W209853757","https://openalex.org/W4297316464","https://openalex.org/W2385251970"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"wars":[1,92],"since":[2,93],"9/11,":[3],"both":[4,32],"in":[5,18,97,120,128],"Iraq":[6],"and":[7,12,36,42,56,83,107],"Afghanistan,":[8],"have":[9,46,95],"generated":[10],"frustration":[11],"an":[13],"increasing":[14],"sense":[15],"of":[16,22,50,53,57,68,85,140],"failure":[17],"the":[19,23,33,37,69,91,138],"West.":[20],"Much":[21],"blame":[24],"has":[25,103],"been":[26,99,104],"attributed":[27],"to":[28,111,117,122,136,146],"poor":[29],"strategy.":[30],"In":[31,60],"United":[34,38],"States":[35],"Kingdom,":[39],"public":[40],"enquiries":[41],"defence":[43],"think":[44],"tanks":[45],"detected":[47],"a":[48,80,113],"lack":[49],"consistent":[51],"direction,":[52],"effective":[54],"communication,":[55],"governmental":[58],"coordination.":[59],"this":[61],"important":[62],"book,":[63],"Sir":[64],"Hew":[65],"Strachan,":[66],"one":[67],"world's":[70],"leading":[71],"military":[72],"historians,":[73],"reveals":[74],"how":[75,129],"these":[76],"failures":[77],"resulted":[78],"from":[79],"fundamental":[81],"misreading":[82],"misapplication":[84],"strategy":[86,119],"itself.":[87],"He":[88],"argues":[89],"that":[90,108],"2001":[94],"not":[96],"reality":[98],"as":[100,102],"'new'":[101],"widely":[105],"assumed":[106],"we":[109,130,143],"need":[110,144],"adopt":[112],"more":[114],"historical":[115],"approach":[116],"contemporary":[118],"order":[121],"identify":[123],"what":[124],"is":[125,135],"really":[126],"changing":[127],"wage":[131],"war.":[132,148],"If":[133],"war":[134],"fulfil":[137],"aims":[139],"policy,":[141],"then":[142],"first":[145],"understand":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
