{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4236427176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.53201","title":"PROBIOTICS","display_name":"PROBIOTICS","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4236427176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.53201","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19584499"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/0255-0857.53201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.53201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.53201","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0255085721016273/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131141226","display_name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","issn_l":"0255-0857","issn":["0255-0857","1998-3646"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0255085721016273/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033198954","display_name":"Varsha Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-1062","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1315-1062"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098996","display_name":"Government Medical College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/010gbda42","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098996"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"V Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, GMCH, Chandigarh, India. varshagupta_99@yahoo.com","Department of Microbiology, GMCH, Chandigarh - 160 032, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, GMCH, Chandigarh, India. varshagupta_99@yahoo.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098996"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, GMCH, Chandigarh - 160 032, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098996"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101904207","display_name":"Ritu Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-4151","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-4151"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098996","display_name":"Government Medical College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/010gbda42","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098996"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, GMCH, Chandigarh - 160 032, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, GMCH, Chandigarh - 160 032, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098996"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033198954"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098996"],"apc_list":{"value":2210,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2210},"apc_paid":{"value":2210,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2210},"fwci":1.0857,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":310,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63481229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"3","first_page":"202","last_page":"209"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10141","display_name":"Probiotics and Fermented Foods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10141","display_name":"Probiotics and Fermented Foods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11294","display_name":"Infant Nutrition and Health","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10066","display_name":"Gut microbiota and health","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probiotics","display_name":"probiotics","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prebiotics","display_name":"prebiotics","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synbiotics","display_name":"synbiotics","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-microbiota","display_name":"gut microbiota","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactobacillus","display_name":"Lactobacillus","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bifidobacterium","display_name":"Bifidobacterium","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-associated-diarrhea","display_name":"antibiotic-associated diarrhea","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clostridium-difficile-colitis","display_name":"Clostridium difficile colitis","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helicobacter-pylori-infection","display_name":"Helicobacter pylori infection","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammatory-bowel-disease","display_name":"inflammatory bowel disease","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intestinal-immunity","display_name":"intestinal immunity","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iga","display_name":"IgA","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-standardization","display_name":"dose standardization","score":0.8989999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776651480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1607640","display_name":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus","level":4,"score":0.7377421855926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780255968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1816730","display_name":"Probiotic","level":3,"score":0.7228994965553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.6592661142349243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780305828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132656","display_name":"Bifidobacterium","level":4,"score":0.6450603008270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6178598999977112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.5486994981765747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780206646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061596","display_name":"Lactobacillus","level":3,"score":0.5331052541732788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779303187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859678","display_name":"Necrotizing enterocolitis","level":2,"score":0.5239101648330688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779116991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309465","display_name":"Clostridium perfringens","level":3,"score":0.522650957107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776258884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3055368","display_name":"Enterocolitis","level":2,"score":0.5214390158653259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775862500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2453464","display_name":"Colitis","level":2,"score":0.4932183623313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778260677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917447","display_name":"Inflammatory bowel disease","level":3,"score":0.4408930838108063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779337445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2375654","display_name":"Synbiotics","level":4,"score":0.4325942397117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780512811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11829360","display_name":"Gastrointestinal tract","level":2,"score":0.4183160662651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3966386020183563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.3170032501220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2543678283691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2205776572227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.07321330904960632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.07144907116889954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019936","descriptor_name":"Probiotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019936","descriptor_name":"Probiotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019936","descriptor_name":"Probiotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D041981","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Tract","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D041981","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Tract","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/0255-0857.53201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.53201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.53201","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0255085721016273/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131141226","display_name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","issn_l":"0255-0857","issn":["0255-0857","1998-3646"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19584499","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19584499","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian journal of medical microbiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:cria:bioline:mb:mb09062","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bioline.org.br/abstract?id=mb09062","pdf_url":"http://www.bioline.org.br/abstract?id=mb09062","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402188","display_name":"Bioline International (Bioline International)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology (ISSN: 0255-0857) Vol 27 Num 3","raw_type":"RA"},{"id":"pmh:oai:utoronto.scholaris.ca:1807/53721","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/53721","pdf_url":"https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/dd8c9b43-c0af-4969-b765-28e0a98dc356/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400261","display_name":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","host_organization_name":"University of Toronto","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:24435749e69049ad89183cdfe94b1d3b","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/24435749e69049ad89183cdfe94b1d3b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, Vol 27, Iss 3, Pp 202-209 (2009)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/0255-0857.53201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.53201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0255-0857.53201","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0255085721016273/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131141226","display_name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","issn_l":"0255-0857","issn":["0255-0857","1998-3646"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4236427176.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4236427176.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20484419","https://openalex.org/W98742443","https://openalex.org/W1277933029","https://openalex.org/W1502286186","https://openalex.org/W1510320706","https://openalex.org/W1573135120","https://openalex.org/W1626162584","https://openalex.org/W1893993890","https://openalex.org/W1922511005","https://openalex.org/W1932534805","https://openalex.org/W1940184492","https://openalex.org/W1961388096","https://openalex.org/W1968088790","https://openalex.org/W1968853688","https://openalex.org/W1971668229","https://openalex.org/W1975391560","https://openalex.org/W1986532588","https://openalex.org/W1986682458","https://openalex.org/W1990405289","https://openalex.org/W1994610923","https://openalex.org/W1999267716","https://openalex.org/W1999926358","https://openalex.org/W2013164318","https://openalex.org/W2022975557","https://openalex.org/W2027955126","https://openalex.org/W2037037896","https://openalex.org/W2040335930","https://openalex.org/W2041586502","https://openalex.org/W2044710722","https://openalex.org/W2047980394","https://openalex.org/W2050341344","https://openalex.org/W2052038013","https://openalex.org/W2059386369","https://openalex.org/W2072646880","https://openalex.org/W2073636322","https://openalex.org/W2078170081","https://openalex.org/W2081527168","https://openalex.org/W2085240670","https://openalex.org/W2085412181","https://openalex.org/W2086308847","https://openalex.org/W2087370309","https://openalex.org/W2087760512","https://openalex.org/W2091250795","https://openalex.org/W2095067671","https://openalex.org/W2095211103","https://openalex.org/W2097626415","https://openalex.org/W2104102388","https://openalex.org/W2112230262","https://openalex.org/W2112589439","https://openalex.org/W2117901410","https://openalex.org/W2118266802","https://openalex.org/W2119190752","https://openalex.org/W2127805721","https://openalex.org/W2130187365","https://openalex.org/W2132829999","https://openalex.org/W2135402896","https://openalex.org/W2135795769","https://openalex.org/W2138120062","https://openalex.org/W2138253380","https://openalex.org/W2139759128","https://openalex.org/W2141439571","https://openalex.org/W2145683869","https://openalex.org/W2161398743","https://openalex.org/W2169743956","https://openalex.org/W2324228309","https://openalex.org/W2359714630","https://openalex.org/W2414266937","https://openalex.org/W2426017080","https://openalex.org/W3188914779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7118989173","https://openalex.org/W2563636623","https://openalex.org/W1533592790","https://openalex.org/W2898165194","https://openalex.org/W2403036402","https://openalex.org/W4400179118","https://openalex.org/W2714205657","https://openalex.org/W2800855467","https://openalex.org/W16338113","https://openalex.org/W2112157277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,25,245,302],"term":[1],"\"probiotic\"":[2],"was":[3],"first":[4],"used":[5,118,279],"in":[6,41,98,119,148,200,225,240,242,305],"1965,":[7],"by":[8,16,88],"Lilly":[9],"and":[10,31,44,73,106,128,175,195,247,268,318],"Stillwell,":[11],"to":[12,59,68,135,145,170,215,221,252,264],"describe":[13],"substances":[14],"secreted":[15],"one":[17,91],"organism":[18],"which":[19,219,274],"stimulate":[20],"the":[21,42,49,53,70,86,99,191,201,243,259,269,296,312],"growth":[22],"of":[23,27,36,55,96,193,209,249,271,300,311,322],"another.":[24],"use":[26],"antibiotics,":[28],"immunosuppressive":[29],"therapy":[30],"irradiation,":[32],"amongst":[33],"other":[34,196],"means":[35],"treatment,":[37],"may":[38,62,238],"cause":[39],"alterations":[40],"composition":[43],"have":[45,137,142],"an":[46],"effect":[47],"on":[48,85,186],"GIT":[50],"flora.":[51],"Therefore,":[52],"introduction":[54],"beneficial":[56,184,324],"bacterial":[57,114],"species":[58],"GI":[60],"tract":[61],"be":[63,146,256],"a":[64,78,94,319],"very":[65],"attractive":[66],"option":[67],"re-establish":[69],"microbial":[71],"equilibrium":[72],"prevent":[74],"disease.":[75],"Prebiotic":[76],"is":[77,234,308],"non-digestible":[79],"food":[80],"ingredient":[81],"that":[82,236],"confers":[83],"benefits":[84,299],"host":[87],"selectively":[89],"stimulating":[90],"bacterium":[92],"or":[93],"group":[95],"bacteria":[97,254,267,276],"colon":[100],"with":[101,289],"probiotic":[102,120,253,275,313],"properties.":[103],"Both":[104],"probiotics":[105,301],"prebiotics":[107],"are":[108,122,229,277,292],"together":[109],"called":[110],"as":[111,280],"Synbiotics.":[112],"Various":[113],"genera":[115],"most":[116],"commonly":[117],"preparations":[121],"Lactobacillus,":[123],"Bifidobacterium,":[124],"Escherichia,":[125],"Enterococcus,":[126],"Bacillus":[127],"Streptococcus":[129],".":[130],"Some":[131],"fungal":[132],"strains":[133],"belonging":[134],"Saccharomyces":[136],"also":[138,205],"been":[139,143],"used.":[140],"Probiotics":[141,228],"shown":[144],"effective":[147],"varied":[149],"clinical":[150],"conditions-":[151],"ranging":[152],"from":[153],"infantile":[154],"diarrhoea,":[155,159],"necrotizing":[156],"enterocolitis,":[157],"antibiotic-associated":[158],"relapsing":[160],"Clostridium":[161],"difficle":[162],"colitis,":[163],"Helicobacter":[164],"pylori":[165],"infections,":[166],"inflammatory":[167],"bowel":[168],"disease":[169],"cancer,":[171],"female":[172],"uro-genital":[173],"infection":[174,241],"surgical":[176],"infections.":[177],"Lactobacillus":[178],"rhamnosus":[179],"strain":[180],"GG":[181],"has":[182],"proven":[183],"affects":[185],"intestinal":[187,202],"immunity.":[188],"It":[189,204,211],"increases":[190],"number":[192],"IgA":[194],"immunoglobulins":[197],"secreting":[198],"cells":[199],"mucosa.":[203],"stimulates":[206],"local":[207],"release":[208],"interferons.":[210],"facilitates":[212],"antigen":[213,223],"transport":[214],"underlying":[216],"lymphoid":[217],"cells,":[218],"serves":[220],"increase":[222],"uptake":[224],"Peyer's":[226],"patches.":[227],"live":[230],"microorganisms,":[231],"so":[232],"it":[233],"possible":[235],"they":[237],"result":[239],"host.":[244],"risk":[246],"morbidity":[248,270],"sepsis":[250,262],"due":[251,263],"should":[255],"weighed":[257],"against":[258],"potential":[260],"for":[261,273,294],"more":[265],"pathological":[266],"diseases":[272],"being":[278],"therapeutic":[281],"agents.":[282],"Also,":[283],"future,":[284],"well-designed":[285],"placebo":[286],"controlled":[287],"studies":[288],"validated":[290],"results":[291],"required":[293],"ascertaining":[295],"true":[297],"health":[298],"important":[303],"point":[304],"this":[306],"regard":[307],"careful":[309],"selection":[310],"agent,":[314],"its":[315,323],"dose":[316],"standardization":[317],"thorough":[320],"knowledge":[321],"effects.":[325]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
