{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4236032200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1324","title":"Uncertainty","display_name":"Uncertainty","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4236032200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1324","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604143","display_name":"The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4233243517","display_name":"The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics"},"type":"reference-entry","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051040257","display_name":"Peter P. Wakker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2936-5498","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2936-5498"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter P. Wakker","raw_affiliation_strings":["http://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"http://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051040257"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"13969","last_page":"13983"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10841","display_name":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making-under-uncertainty","display_name":"decision making under uncertainty","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"ambiguity","score":0.4860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allais-paradox","display_name":"Allais paradox","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ellsberg-paradox","display_name":"Ellsberg paradox","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expected-utility","display_name":"expected utility","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk","display_name":"risk","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity-aversion","display_name":"ambiguity aversion","score":0.796999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.7604886293411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205706631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2319304","display_name":"Expected utility hypothesis","level":2,"score":0.7366102933883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127447990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4741446","display_name":"Ambiguity aversion","level":3,"score":0.7104011178016663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136028653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1425777","display_name":"Subjective expected utility","level":3,"score":0.6542441248893738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5109145045280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.4383024275302887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129915516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17083550","display_name":"Risk aversion (psychology)","level":3,"score":0.4352427124977112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.3771566152572632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.3740977644920349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.18059077858924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1324","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604143","display_name":"The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10826481","https://openalex.org/W309949061","https://openalex.org/W932641379","https://openalex.org/W1520291159","https://openalex.org/W1525331742","https://openalex.org/W1531190209","https://openalex.org/W1544729927","https://openalex.org/W1550380623","https://openalex.org/W1594183550","https://openalex.org/W1674810554","https://openalex.org/W1678454162","https://openalex.org/W1895366050","https://openalex.org/W1965532028","https://openalex.org/W1965941457","https://openalex.org/W1969608711","https://openalex.org/W1980339486","https://openalex.org/W1983402640","https://openalex.org/W1991167211","https://openalex.org/W2004220372","https://openalex.org/W2004822008","https://openalex.org/W2005013476","https://openalex.org/W2005349928","https://openalex.org/W2007910058","https://openalex.org/W2008385173","https://openalex.org/W2008778295","https://openalex.org/W2025925112","https://openalex.org/W2027047704","https://openalex.org/W2027729633","https://openalex.org/W2037511166","https://openalex.org/W2037745646","https://openalex.org/W2041946752","https://openalex.org/W2042223112","https://openalex.org/W2046476738","https://openalex.org/W2046495522","https://openalex.org/W2046804999","https://openalex.org/W2052550060","https://openalex.org/W2054875343","https://openalex.org/W2058443465","https://openalex.org/W2067477904","https://openalex.org/W2072965162","https://openalex.org/W2081950998","https://openalex.org/W2088628322","https://openalex.org/W2102118103","https://openalex.org/W2103640985","https://openalex.org/W2105636945","https://openalex.org/W2106716471","https://openalex.org/W2107392085","https://openalex.org/W2110362180","https://openalex.org/W2113055679","https://openalex.org/W2115755619","https://openalex.org/W2116070369","https://openalex.org/W2120947277","https://openalex.org/W2130056398","https://openalex.org/W2132726456","https://openalex.org/W2133312414","https://openalex.org/W2137248257","https://openalex.org/W2141503762","https://openalex.org/W2150552447","https://openalex.org/W2151374055","https://openalex.org/W2155513791","https://openalex.org/W2161154830","https://openalex.org/W2165256733","https://openalex.org/W2166236773","https://openalex.org/W2168994442","https://openalex.org/W2239900188","https://openalex.org/W2333311386","https://openalex.org/W3011865677","https://openalex.org/W3015469787","https://openalex.org/W3121172931","https://openalex.org/W3122186991","https://openalex.org/W3122592429","https://openalex.org/W3123287454","https://openalex.org/W3123331292","https://openalex.org/W4210361964","https://openalex.org/W4210427261","https://openalex.org/W4252127527","https://openalex.org/W4301347335","https://openalex.org/W4302602534","https://openalex.org/W6604581042","https://openalex.org/W6605247177","https://openalex.org/W6641529508","https://openalex.org/W6662018282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W596849753","https://openalex.org/W7001339574","https://openalex.org/W4285213215","https://openalex.org/W7163172182","https://openalex.org/W3189073997","https://openalex.org/W49185615","https://openalex.org/W2113055679","https://openalex.org/W2476631992","https://openalex.org/W2482934574","https://openalex.org/W2132320742"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"deals":[2],"with":[3],"individual":[4],"decision":[5],"making":[6],"under":[7],"uncertainty":[8],"(unknown":[9],"probabilities).":[10],"Risk":[11],"(known":[12],"probabilities)":[13],"is":[14],"not":[15,62],"treated":[16],"as":[17,22],"a":[18,23,60],"separate":[19],"case,":[20],"but":[21],"sub-case":[24],"of":[25,46],"uncertainty.":[26,34,50],"Many":[27],"results":[28],"from":[29,56,78],"risk":[30],"naturally":[31],"extend":[32],"to":[33,40],"The":[35,51],"Allais":[36],"paradox,":[37],"commonly":[38],"applied":[39],"risk,":[41],"also":[42],"reveals":[43,54],"empirical":[44],"deficiencies":[45],"expected":[47,57,79],"utility":[48,58,80],"for":[49,69,82],"Ellsberg":[52],"paradox":[53],"deviations":[55],"in":[59],"relative,":[61],"an":[63],"absolute,":[64],"sense,":[65],"giving":[66],"within-person":[67],"comparisons:":[68],"some":[70],"events":[71],"(ambiguous":[72],"or":[73],"otherwise)":[74],"subjects":[75],"deviate":[76],"more":[77],"than":[81],"other":[83,88],"events.":[84],"Besides":[85],"aversion,":[86],"many":[87],"attitudes":[89],"towards":[90],"ambiguity":[91],"are":[92],"empirically":[93],"relevant.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}