{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4234445258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000463587","title":"Cotinine Elimination and Its Use as a Biomarker in Young Children Involuntarily Exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke","display_name":"Cotinine Elimination and Its Use as a Biomarker in Young Children Involuntarily Exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4234445258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000463587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1159/000463587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000463587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000463587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163818028","display_name":"Indoor and Built Environment","issn_l":"1420-326X","issn":["1420-326X","1423-0070"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indoor and Built Environment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025739723","display_name":"Albert M. Collier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albert M. Collier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Environmental Medicine and Lung Biology","School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Environmental Medicine and Lung Biology","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089720790","display_name":"George M. Goldstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302368450","display_name":"Environmental Protection Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03tns0030","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George M. Goldstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["US Environmental Protection Agency"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"US Environmental Protection Agency","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021080130","display_name":"Robert P. Shrewsbury","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert P. Shrewsbury","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Pharmacy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041019143","display_name":"Sonia Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-5627","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-5627"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sonia M. Davis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, N.C"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, N.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108081836","display_name":"Gary G. Koch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary G. Koch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, N.C"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, N.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017590066","display_name":"Chuan-An Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan-An Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083971769","display_name":"Neal L. Benowitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-8124","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-8124"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neal L. Benowitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, Calif., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, Calif., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089591239","display_name":"Joellen Lewtas Huisingh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302368450","display_name":"Environmental Protection Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03tns0030","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joellen Lewtas","raw_affiliation_strings":["US Environmental Protection Agency"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"US Environmental Protection Agency","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302368450"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107701461","display_name":"Ron W. Williams","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ron W. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Health Research and Testing Research, Triangle Park, N.C"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Health Research and Testing Research, Triangle Park, N.C","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49175402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":92},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"6","first_page":"353","last_page":"359"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11633","display_name":"Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11002","display_name":"Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cotinine","display_name":"cotinine","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-tobacco-smoke","display_name":"environmental tobacco smoke","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-smoking","display_name":"passive smoking","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-children","display_name":"young children","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exposure-assessment","display_name":"exposure assessment","score":0.4059999883174896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776319443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421177","display_name":"Cotinine","level":3,"score":0.8653883934020996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2386268","display_name":"Tobacco smoke","level":2,"score":0.7247889041900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.5875440239906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5564414858818054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5531250834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28086552","display_name":"Nicotine","level":2,"score":0.30143052339553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1600767970085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11106199026107788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.07552748918533325}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1159/000463587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000463587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000463587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163818028","display_name":"Indoor and Built Environment","issn_l":"1420-326X","issn":["1420-326X","1423-0070"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indoor and Built Environment","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046475541","https://openalex.org/W4296788610","https://openalex.org/W2140609390","https://openalex.org/W2070939155","https://openalex.org/W1974143725","https://openalex.org/W2799748848","https://openalex.org/W2425112058","https://openalex.org/W4234407283","https://openalex.org/W2115189512","https://openalex.org/W2090669937"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantitative":[0],"relationships":[1],"between":[2,48,100],"urinary":[3,41,49,68,136],"cotinine":[4,29,42,50,69,83,89,137],"excretion":[5,43,51,70],"and":[6,52,81,102,130],"environmental":[7],"tobacco":[8],"smoke":[9],"(ETS)":[10],"exposure":[11,54],"in":[12,31,55,108],"young":[13,32,56,60],"children":[14,33,61],"have":[15],"not":[16],"been":[17],"determined.":[18,86],"The":[19,87,117],"objectives":[20],"of":[21,38,78,95,120],"this":[22],"research":[23],"were":[24,72,99,111],"to:":[25],"(1)":[26],"determine":[27],"the":[28,79,82,96,109,131],"t(1/2)":[30,84,90,97],"up":[34],"to":[35,64,113],"3":[36],"years":[37],"age":[39],"using":[40],"data":[44,71],"and(2)":[45],"establish":[46],"correlations":[47],"ETS":[53,65,115],"children.":[57],"In":[58],"44":[59],"involuntarily":[62],"exposed":[63],"at":[66],"home,":[67,80],"collected":[73],"for":[74],"6":[75],"days":[76],"out":[77],"was":[85,91,125],"median":[88],"54.7":[92],"h,and":[93],"50%":[94],"values":[98],"38.2":[101],"85.6":[103],"h.":[104],"Air":[105],"nicotine":[106,123],"concentrations":[107],"home":[110,121],"used":[112],"measure":[114],"exposure.":[116],"best":[118],"predictor":[119],"air":[122],"concentration":[124,138],"a":[126],"model":[127],"with":[128],"sex":[129],"zero":[132],"time":[133],"creatinine":[134],"corrected":[135],"(R^2":[139],"=":[140],"0.23).":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}