{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4232836616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/902822","title":"Chemical Fixation of CO2 in Coal Combustion Products and Recycling through Biosystems","display_name":"Chemical Fixation of CO2 in Coal Combustion Products and Recycling through Biosystems","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-09-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4232836616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/902822"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/902822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/902822","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/902822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Energy Technology Laboratory","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/902822","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003021323","display_name":"C. Henry Copeland","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Henry Copeland","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007316985","display_name":"Paul A. Pier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Pier","raw_affiliation_strings":["P.O. Box 1010 Muscle Shoals, Alabama 35662-1010"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"P.O. Box 1010 Muscle Shoals, Alabama 35662-1010","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024750365","display_name":"Samantha Whitehead","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samantha Whitehead","raw_affiliation_strings":["P.O. Box 1010 Muscle Shoals, Alabama 35662-1010"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"P.O. Box 1010 Muscle Shoals, Alabama 35662-1010","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033249780","display_name":"David Behel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Behel","raw_affiliation_strings":["P.O. Box 1010 Muscle Shoals, Alabama 35662-1010"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"P.O. Box 1010 Muscle Shoals, Alabama 35662-1010","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10476","display_name":"Algal biology and biofuel production","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10476","display_name":"Algal biology and biofuel production","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10967","display_name":"Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11302","display_name":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-fixation","display_name":"CO2 fixation","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal-combustion-residuals","display_name":"coal combustion by-products","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fly-ash","display_name":"fly ash","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algae-growth","display_name":"algae growth","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bicarbonate-production","display_name":"bicarbonate production","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ph-control","display_name":"pH control","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-harvesting","display_name":"biomass harvesting","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-capture","display_name":"CO2 capture","score":0.3019999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518851703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489","display_name":"Coal","level":2,"score":0.7389742136001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.6811336278915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C559758991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37868","display_name":"Algae","level":2,"score":0.6418591737747192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.5554128289222717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188471824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5137808","display_name":"Coal combustion products","level":3,"score":0.5212460160255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5089521408081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146249460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914991","display_name":"Fixation (population genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5052948594093323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.49028733372688293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.41026240587234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.40367889404296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.35891157388687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24833369255065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.23821619153022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19123977422714233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.1884642243385315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15608176589012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2172/902822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/902822","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/902822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Energy Technology Laboratory","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc891005","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc891005/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:902822","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/902822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:902822","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/902822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8485000133514404},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.5925999879837036}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7894737034","display_name":"CHEMICAL FIXATION OF C02 IN   COAL COMBUSTION PRODUCTS AND  RECYCLING THROUGH ALGAL BIO   SYSTEMS","funder_award_id":"FC2600NT40933","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2520348875","https://openalex.org/W2335493859","https://openalex.org/W7214540627","https://openalex.org/W4281759654","https://openalex.org/W2640706328","https://openalex.org/W2063065060","https://openalex.org/W2340981964","https://openalex.org/W2335936655","https://openalex.org/W3129058189","https://openalex.org/W3092723343"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"Annual":[1],"Technical":[2],"Progress":[3],"Report":[4],"presents":[5],"the":[6,49,64],"principal":[7],"results":[8],"in":[9,25],"enhanced":[10],"growth":[11],"of":[12,29,35,45,54,66],"algae":[13,50],"using":[14],"coal":[15],"combustion":[16],"products":[17],"as":[18],"a":[19,33],"catalyst":[20],"to":[21,60],"increase":[22],"bicarbonate":[23],"levels":[24],"solution.":[26],"Optimal":[27],"production":[28],"biomass":[30],"depends":[31],"on":[32,48],"number":[34,53],"factors.":[36,68],"These":[37],"factors":[38],"include":[39],"pH":[40],"management,":[41],"harvesting,":[42],"and":[43,62],"impact":[44,65],"auxiliary":[46],"operations":[47],"population.":[51],"A":[52],"experiments":[55],"are":[56],"presented":[57],"which":[58],"attempt":[59],"identify":[61],"characterize":[63],"these":[67]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
