{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4231961323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611.v1","title":"Electoral Data for Counties in the United States: Presidential and Congressional Races, 1840-1972","display_name":"Electoral Data for Counties in the United States: Presidential and Congressional Races, 1840-1972","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4231961323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611.v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3886/icpsr08611.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611.v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604084","display_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153780","host_organization_name":"Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153780"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","raw_type":"dataset"},"volume":null,"type":"dataset","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069230306","display_name":"Jerome M. Clubb","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerome M. Clubb","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077950158","display_name":"William H. Flanigan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William H. Flanigan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076428279","display_name":"Nancy H. Zingale","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy H. Zingale","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":97,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13333","display_name":"American Political and Social Dynamics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presidential-elections","display_name":"presidential elections","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congressional-elections","display_name":"congressional elections","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presidential-vote","display_name":"presidential vote","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congressional-voting","display_name":"congressional voting","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voter-turnout","display_name":"voter turnout","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/party-vote-share","display_name":"party vote share","score":0.43700000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congressional-districts","display_name":"congressional districts","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/u-s-house-of-representatives","display_name":"United States House of Representatives","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-presidency","display_name":"American presidency","score":0.7310000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197487636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49892","display_name":"Presidential system","level":3,"score":0.7468103766441345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5647753477096558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.38168537616729736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11634927988052368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.07410448789596558}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3886/icpsr08611.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611.v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604084","display_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153780","host_organization_name":"Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153780"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","raw_type":"dataset"},{"id":"doi:10.3886/icpsr08611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604084","display_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153780","host_organization_name":"Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153780"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","raw_type":"dataset"},{"id":"doi:10.3886/icpsr08611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604084","display_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153780","host_organization_name":"Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153780"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},{"id":"doi:10.3886/icpsr08611.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604084","display_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153780","host_organization_name":"Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153780"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},{"id":"doi:10.3886/icpsr8611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr8611","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr8611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604084","display_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153780","host_organization_name":"Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153780"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3886/icpsr08611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr08611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604084","display_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153780","host_organization_name":"Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153780"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.4399999976158142}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205853380","https://openalex.org/W7104904805","https://openalex.org/W2741449748","https://openalex.org/W4398866349","https://openalex.org/W4237948143","https://openalex.org/W4240876496","https://openalex.org/W6956458198","https://openalex.org/W6901705413","https://openalex.org/W7105469296","https://openalex.org/W4398459887"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"collection":[1],"contains":[2],"county-level":[3],"returns":[4,82],"for":[5,20,28,38,57,76,85,89,97,100],"elections":[6],"to":[7,13,24],"the":[8,14,21,29,33,69,77],"United":[9,15],"States":[10,16],"presidency":[11],"and":[12,40,63,87],"House":[17],"of":[18,35,55,65],"Representatives":[19],"years":[22],"1840":[23],"1972.":[25],"The":[26],"variables":[27,75],"presidential":[30,70],"vote":[31,79],"include":[32],"percentages":[34],"ballots":[36],"cast":[37],"major":[39],"\"significant\"":[41],"minor":[42],"party":[43],"candidates":[44,59],"(with":[45],"residual":[46],"votes":[47,56],"collapsed":[48],"into":[49],"an":[50,61],"\"other\"":[51],"category),":[52],"total":[53],"numbers":[54,93],"all":[58],"in":[60,68],"election,":[62],"estimates":[64],"voter":[66],"turnout":[67],"elections.":[71],"There":[72],"are":[73,83,94],"similar":[74],"congressional":[78],"except":[80],"that":[81],"reported":[84,96],"parties":[86],"not":[88],"candidates.":[90],"Congressional":[91],"district":[92],"also":[95],"each":[98],"county":[99],"every":[101],"election.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}