{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4231945334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511762222","title":"The Species Problem","display_name":"The Species Problem","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4231945334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511762222"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511762222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511762222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511762222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"monograph"},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059739385","display_name":"Richard A. Richards","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-1303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-1303"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard A. Richards","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alabama"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alabama","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059739385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.5047,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":153,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98722703,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12182","display_name":"Evolution and Science Education","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11354","display_name":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1911","display_name":"Paleontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/species-problem","display_name":"species problem","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/species-concept","display_name":"species concept","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematics","display_name":"systematics","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individuality","display_name":"individuality","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphysics-of-evolution","display_name":"metaphysics of evolution","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-terminology","display_name":"scientific terminology","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aristotle","display_name":"Aristotle","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genealogy","display_name":"genealogy","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interbreeding","display_name":"interbreeding","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphological-similarity","display_name":"morphological similarity","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-similarity","display_name":"molecular similarity","score":0.9240000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.6572585105895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.5762516260147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5691013932228088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182744844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35277","display_name":"Metaphysics","level":2,"score":0.5641688108444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41806617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516404","display_name":"Systematics","level":3,"score":0.5323102474212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5047489404678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992503995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20124","display_name":"Origin of species","level":3,"score":0.4464930593967438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779978724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436482","display_name":"Worry","level":3,"score":0.43709996342658997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.42589807510375977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.3964512348175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3815940022468567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.33049696683883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3270725607872009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.2561367154121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.20917686820030212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.13242971897125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12897101044654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206118921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5225921","display_name":"Darwin (ADL)","level":2,"score":0.1066095232963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09002935886383057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511762222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511762222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511762222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"monograph"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312297699","https://openalex.org/W2044944607","https://openalex.org/W2253143413","https://openalex.org/W4241877829","https://openalex.org/W1561436233","https://openalex.org/W2463598794","https://openalex.org/W2093864827","https://openalex.org/W2026781513","https://openalex.org/W2503865009","https://openalex.org/W2026576709"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,51],"long-standing":[2],"disagreement":[3],"among":[4],"systematists":[5],"about":[6,70],"how":[7,125],"to":[8,20,24,74,79,134],"divide":[9],"biodiversity":[10],"into":[11],"species.":[12],"Over":[13],"twenty":[14],"different":[15,105],"species":[16,59,71,101],"concepts":[17,102],"are":[18,60],"used":[19],"group":[21],"organisms,":[22],"according":[23],"criteria":[25],"as":[26,28,117],"diverse":[27],"morphological":[29],"or":[30,57],"molecular":[31],"similarity,":[32],"interbreeding":[33],"and":[34,86,109,119,124,143,147],"genealogical":[35],"relationships.":[36],"This,":[37],"combined":[38],"with":[39],"the":[40,46,66,81,84,92,95,120,135],"implications":[41],"of":[42,55,68,83,94,97,122,145],"evolutionary":[43],"biology,":[44],"raises":[45],"worry":[47],"that":[48,58],"either":[49],"there":[50],"no":[52],"single":[53],"kind":[54],"species,":[56],"not":[61],"real.":[62],"This":[63,131],"book":[64],"surveys":[65],"history":[67],"thinking":[69],"from":[72],"Aristotle":[73],"modern":[75],"systematics":[76],"in":[77,104],"order":[78],"understand":[80],"origin":[82],"problem,":[85],"advocates":[87],"a":[88],"solution":[89],"based":[90],"on":[91],"idea":[93],"division":[96],"conceptual":[98],"labor,":[99],"whereby":[100],"function":[103],"ways":[106],"-":[107],"theoretically":[108],"operationally.":[110],"It":[111],"also":[112],"considers":[113],"related":[114],"topics":[115],"such":[116],"individuality":[118],"metaphysics":[121],"evolution,":[123],"scientific":[126],"terms":[127],"get":[128],"their":[129],"meaning.":[130],"important":[132],"addition":[133],"current":[136],"debate":[137],"will":[138],"be":[139],"essential":[140],"for":[141,148],"philosophers":[142],"historians":[144],"science,":[146],"biologists.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
