{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4231700566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e502322010-002","title":"Problems in the identification of learning disabilities Is a discrepancy formula the answer?","display_name":"Problems in the identification of learning disabilities Is a discrepancy formula the answer?","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4231700566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e502322010-002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037/e502322010-002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e502322010-002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e502322010-002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306524878","display_name":"PsycEXTRA Dataset","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PsycEXTRA Dataset","raw_type":"dataset"},"volume":null,"type":"dataset","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085245153","display_name":"Janet L. Graden","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Janet L. Graden","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085245153"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13447","display_name":"Educational and Psychological Assessments","score":0.01549999974668026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-disabilities","display_name":"learning disabilities","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-disability-identification","display_name":"identification of learning disabilities","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iq-achievement-discrepancy","display_name":"IQ-achievement discrepancy","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/special-education-eligibility","display_name":"special education eligibility","score":0.5019999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7474337816238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15107229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860740","display_name":"Learning disability","level":2,"score":0.4924345910549164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.45899397134780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45730334520339966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.41713768243789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3850060999393463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34053337574005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.21397548913955688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08473050594329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037/e502322010-002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e502322010-002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e502322010-002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306524878","display_name":"PsycEXTRA Dataset","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PsycEXTRA Dataset","raw_type":"dataset"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254892973","https://openalex.org/W4213098406","https://openalex.org/W4251917736","https://openalex.org/W4244665630","https://openalex.org/W7046924574","https://openalex.org/W2733569851","https://openalex.org/W3183785748","https://openalex.org/W6902588884","https://openalex.org/W2066762297","https://openalex.org/W137229504"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}