{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4231314548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812791405_0193","title":"Comparison of the nitration of polyfluoronitrobenzenes by nitronium salts in superacidic and aprotic media: Activation of the nitronium ion by protosolvation","display_name":"Comparison of the nitration of polyfluoronitrobenzenes by nitronium salts in superacidic and aprotic media: Activation of the nitronium ion by protosolvation","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4231314548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812791405_0193"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/9789812791405_0193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812791405_0193","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812791405_0193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194426","display_name":"World Scientific series in 20th century chemistry","issn_l":"1793-138X","issn":["1793-138X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Scientific Series in 20th Century Chemistry","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W430794764","display_name":"Across Conventional Lines - Selected Papers of George A Olah"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071446330","display_name":"George Andrew Olah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1788-9753","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1788-9753"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GEORGE A. OLAH","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040503085","display_name":"Kenneth Khosrow Laali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-844X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-844X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KENNETH K. LAALI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086239286","display_name":"Graham Sandford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3266-2039","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3266-2039"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GRAHAM SANDFORD","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36017316,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"980","last_page":"982"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14068","display_name":"Organic and Inorganic Chemical Reactions","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14068","display_name":"Organic and Inorganic Chemical Reactions","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12191","display_name":"Chemical Reaction Mechanisms","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10947","display_name":"Fluorine in Organic Chemistry","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitration","display_name":"nitration","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitronium-salts","display_name":"nitronium salts","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superacidic-media","display_name":"superacidic media","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aprotic-media","display_name":"aprotic media","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrophilic-aromatic-substitution","display_name":"electrophilic aromatic substitution","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorinated-aromatic-compounds","display_name":"fluorinated aromatic compounds","score":0.6110000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775856698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909607","display_name":"Nitration","level":2,"score":0.951471209526062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5575481653213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.45329517126083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.32357317209243774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.23046281933784485}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/9789812791405_0193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812791405_0193","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812791405_0193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194426","display_name":"World Scientific series in 20th century chemistry","issn_l":"1793-138X","issn":["1793-138X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Scientific Series in 20th Century Chemistry","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2505150242","https://openalex.org/W4244861254","https://openalex.org/W4236329417","https://openalex.org/W2604724903","https://openalex.org/W2079275809","https://openalex.org/W7166998840","https://openalex.org/W2973438185","https://openalex.org/W4240244190","https://openalex.org/W2949554935","https://openalex.org/W1973410765"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}