{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4230968474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511598524","title":"The Transformation of Natural Philosophy","display_name":"The Transformation of Natural Philosophy","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-03-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4230968474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511598524"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511598524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511598524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511598524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"monograph"},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051943209","display_name":"Sachiko Kusukawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9297-3819","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9297-3819"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sachiko Kusukawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College, Cambridge"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College, Cambridge","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051943209"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0622,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":229,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97433547,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11137","display_name":"Historical Philosophy and Science","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11137","display_name":"Historical Philosophy and Science","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12409","display_name":"Reformation and Early Modern Christianity","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philipp-melanchthon","display_name":"Philipp Melanchthon","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-philosophy","display_name":"natural philosophy","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lutheran-reformation","display_name":"Lutheran Reformation","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-education","display_name":"university education","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrology","display_name":"astrology","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-anatomy","display_name":"human anatomy","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botany","display_name":"botany","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"mathematics","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicolaus-copernicus","display_name":"Copernicus","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/andreas-vesalius","display_name":"Andreas Vesalius","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aristotle","display_name":"Aristotle","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galen","display_name":"Galen","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plato","display_name":"Plato","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/providence","display_name":"providence","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/science-and-religion","display_name":"science and religion","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lutheran-orthodoxy","display_name":"Lutheran orthodoxy","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-disobedience","display_name":"civil disobedience","score":0.8999999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190040717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269323","display_name":"Natural philosophy","level":2,"score":0.8616728782653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114386696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131154","display_name":"Copernicus","level":2,"score":0.6638221740722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778802261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383258","display_name":"Orthodoxy","level":2,"score":0.6326149106025696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6206029653549194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.5474879145622253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194078274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34362","display_name":"Astrology","level":2,"score":0.5470160841941833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.4347783625125885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193235544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7991","display_name":"Natural science","level":2,"score":0.43037062883377075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511723319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1210409","display_name":"Philosophy education","level":2,"score":0.41502898931503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.21125468611717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14755913615226746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08193579316139221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511598524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511598524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511598524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"monograph"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5699999928474426}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2133842606","https://openalex.org/W2468427189","https://openalex.org/W3011989077","https://openalex.org/W2487272588","https://openalex.org/W7024432188","https://openalex.org/W4234869439","https://openalex.org/W4247981500","https://openalex.org/W2503593868","https://openalex.org/W2062447450","https://openalex.org/W2339722716"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"book":[1],"proposes":[2],"that":[3],"Philip":[4],"Melanchthon":[5,64],"was":[6],"responsible":[7],"for":[8],"transforming":[9],"traditional":[10],"university":[11,119],"natural":[12,34,60,123],"philosophy":[13,35,61],"into":[14],"a":[15,28,33,59,98,108],"specifically":[16],"Lutheran":[17,29,116],"one.":[18],"Motivated":[19],"by":[20],"desire":[21],"to":[22,66,92],"check":[23],"civil":[24],"disobedience":[25],"and":[26,40,47,55,86],"promote":[27],"orthodoxy,":[30],"he":[31],"created":[32],"based":[36],"on":[37,118,122],"Aristotle,":[38],"Galen":[39],"Plato,":[41],"incorporating":[42],"contemporary":[43],"findings":[44],"of":[45,51,84,111,114],"Copernicus":[46],"Vesalius.":[48],"The":[49],"fields":[50],"astrology,":[52],"anatomy,":[53],"botany":[54],"mathematics":[56],"all":[57],"constituted":[58],"in":[62,71],"which":[63],"wished":[65],"demonstrate":[67],"God's":[68],"Providential":[69],"design":[70],"the":[72,80,90,112,115],"physical":[73],"world.":[74],"Rather":[75],"than":[76],"dichotomizing":[77],"or":[78,106],"synthesizing":[79],"two":[81],"distinct":[82],"areas":[83],"'science'":[85],"'religion',":[87],"Kusukawa":[88],"advocates":[89],"need":[91],"look":[93],"at":[94],"'Natural":[95],"philosophy'":[96],"as":[97],"discipline":[99],"quite":[100],"different":[101],"from":[102],"either":[103],"'modern":[104],"science'":[105],"'religion':":[107],"contextual":[109],"assessment":[110],"implication":[113],"Reformation":[117],"education,":[120],"particularly":[121],"philosophy.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2022-05-11T00:00:00"}