{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4229036723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/go.22.46000","title":"Health System Costs of a Breast Cancer Early Diagnosis Program in a Rural District of Rwanda","display_name":"Health System Costs of a Breast Cancer Early Diagnosis Program in a Rural District of Rwanda","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4229036723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/go.22.46000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1200/go.22.46000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/go.22.46000","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/go.22.46000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209558","display_name":"JCO Global Oncology","issn_l":"2687-8941","issn":["2687-8941"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCO Global Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/go.22.46000","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034837858","display_name":"Rashidah Nambaziira","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143973","display_name":"University of Global Health Equity","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8tz716","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashidah Nambaziira","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026104542","display_name":"Lysa Carolle Niteka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143973","display_name":"University of Global Health Equity","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8tz716","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lysa Carolle Niteka","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022751481","display_name":"Jean Marie Vianney Dusengimana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-1091","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-1091"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129364015","display_name":"Partners In Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05tsvnv68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129364015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Marie Vianney Dusengimana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Partners in Health, Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Partners in Health, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129364015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064829156","display_name":"John Ruhumuriza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4659-5738","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4659-5738"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129364015","display_name":"Partners In Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05tsvnv68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129364015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Ruhumuriza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Partners in Health, Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Partners in Health, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129364015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085751705","display_name":"Kayleigh Pavitra Bhangdia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4235-0685","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4235-0685"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kayleigh Bhangdia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004957824","display_name":"Jean Claude Mugunga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1210-7422","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1210-7422"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129364015","display_name":"Partners In Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05tsvnv68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129364015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Claude Mugunga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Partners in Health, Kigali, Rwanda and Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Partners in Health, Kigali, Rwanda and Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129364015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002657449","display_name":"Marie Louise Uwineza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165170","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05prysf28","country_code":"RW","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165170"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie Louise Uwineza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rwanda Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rwanda Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019187945","display_name":"Vestine Rugema","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6846-8142","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6846-8142"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165170","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05prysf28","country_code":"RW","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165170"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vestine Rugema","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rwanda Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rwanda Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073755069","display_name":"Parsa Erfani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-0556","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-0556"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parsa Erfani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079891368","display_name":"Cyprien Shyirambere","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3203-3873","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3203-3873"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129364015","display_name":"Partners In Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05tsvnv68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129364015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cyprien Shyirambere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Partners in Health, Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Partners in Health, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129364015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001295833","display_name":"Lawrence N. Shulman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8661-473X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8661-473X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039297","display_name":"Abramson Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01hvpjq66","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143392","https://openalex.org/I4390039297"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence N. Shulman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4390039297","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076873833","display_name":"Melany Rabideau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143973","display_name":"University of Global Health Equity","ror":"https://ror.org/04c8tz716","country_code":"RW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melany Rabideau","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143973"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050612979","display_name":"Lydia Eleanor Pace","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5378-0296","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5378-0296"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lydia E. Pace","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2472,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2472},"apc_paid":{"value":2472,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2472},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"Supplement_1","first_page":"40","last_page":"40"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.7832000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.7832000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13544","display_name":"Women's cancer prevention and management","score":0.09610000252723694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12708","display_name":"Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer","score":0.056699998676776886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-detection-of-breast-cancer","display_name":"breast cancer early detection","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-system-costs","display_name":"health system costs","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-health-care","display_name":"rural health care","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-ultrasound","display_name":"breast ultrasound","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-biopsy","display_name":"breast biopsy","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-referral","display_name":"cancer referral","score":0.47600001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-professions-education","display_name":"health professions education","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-driven-activity-based-costing","display_name":"time-driven activity-based costing","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-drivers","display_name":"cost drivers","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rwanda","display_name":"Rwanda","score":0.3140000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8508783578872681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.7624154090881348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.5561891198158264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5242559","display_name":"Referral","level":2,"score":0.5465738773345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4856944978237152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164624739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754331","display_name":"Activity-based costing","level":2,"score":0.4517195224761963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.4260958433151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.40797844529151917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.13188010454177856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.12711450457572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1200/go.22.46000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/go.22.46000","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/go.22.46000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209558","display_name":"JCO Global Oncology","issn_l":"2687-8941","issn":["2687-8941"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCO Global Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9906543","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9906543","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCO Glob Oncol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1200/go.22.46000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1200/go.22.46000","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/go.22.46000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209558","display_name":"JCO Global Oncology","issn_l":"2687-8941","issn":["2687-8941"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JCO Global Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283734506","https://openalex.org/W2896369437","https://openalex.org/W2893611290","https://openalex.org/W2055260718","https://openalex.org/W2991553942","https://openalex.org/W3032727248","https://openalex.org/W2735575904","https://openalex.org/W1939505601","https://openalex.org/W4379282826","https://openalex.org/W2944868883"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE":[0],"Low-and-middle-income":[1],"countries":[2],"require":[3],"information":[4],"about":[5,244],"effective":[6],"and":[7,26,42,68,74,90,109,127,155,176,197,220,236,266,275,285],"pragmatic":[8],"strategies":[9],"to":[10,94,106,153,232,241,256,297],"facilitate":[11],"earlier":[12],"breast":[13,28,40,47,131,149,157,181,206],"cancer":[14,82,207],"diagnoses.":[15],"A":[16],"Breast":[17],"Cancer":[18,76],"Early":[19],"Detection":[20],"(BCED)":[21],"program":[22],"training":[23],"health":[24,56,71,132],"workers":[25],"establishing":[27],"clinics":[29],"in":[30,66,135,290],"Burera":[31],"District,":[32],"Rwanda":[33],"was":[34,165,209,253,263],"associated":[35],"with":[36],"increased":[37,272],"evaluation":[38],"of":[39,45,78,168],"symptoms":[41],"higher":[43],"incidence":[44],"early-stage":[46],"cancer.":[48],"We":[49,101],"examined":[50],"the":[51,55,81,139,202],"program's":[52,62,162,249],"cost":[53,164,186,192,195,199,204,213,250],"from":[54,92,98],"system":[57],"perspective.":[58],"METHODS":[59],"The":[60,160,211,247],"BCED":[61,161,248],"first":[63,140],"phase":[64],"started":[65],"2015":[67,93],"included":[69],"seven":[70],"centers":[72],"(HCs)":[73],"Butaro":[75,86],"Center":[77],"Excellence":[79],"(BCCOE),":[80],"referral":[83,240],"center":[84],"at":[85,184,217,223,251],"Hospital.":[87],"Patient":[88],"volume":[89],"diagnoses":[91],"2017":[95],"were":[96,122,144,215],"abstracted":[97],"existing":[99],"databases.":[100],"retrospectively":[102],"reviewed":[103],"administrative":[104],"data":[105],"identify":[107],"start-up":[108,169],"ongoing":[110],"operational":[111,173,276],"costs.":[112,273,302],"Using":[113],"Time-Driven":[114],"Activity-Based":[115],"Costing,":[116],"clinical":[117,177,203],"costs":[118,170,174,178,277],"per":[119,205],"patient":[120],"visit":[121],"estimated":[123],"based":[124],"on":[125],"HC":[126,146,235,259],"BCCOE":[128,224],"visits":[129,147,191,269],"for":[130,148,270],"care":[133,262],"observed":[134],"2021.":[136],"RESULTS":[137],"Over":[138],"2":[141],"years,":[142],"there":[143],"1,010":[145],"symptoms,":[150],"210":[151],"referrals":[152],"BCCOE,":[154,189,242],"10":[156],"cancers":[158],"diagnosed.":[159],"total":[163],"$119,511,":[166],"comprising":[167],"($36,917),":[171],"recurring":[172],"($67,711)":[175],"($14,883).":[179],"Clinical":[180],"assessment":[182],"(CBA)":[183],"HCs":[185,218,252],"$3.27/visit.":[187],"At":[188],"CBA-only":[190],"$13.47,":[193],"CBA/ultrasound":[194],"$14.79,":[196],"CBA/ultrasound/biopsy":[198],"$147.81.":[200],"Overall,":[201],"diagnosed":[208],"$1,488.":[210],"primary":[212],"drivers":[214],"personnel":[216],"(55%)":[219],"biopsy":[221],"supplies":[222],"(46%).":[225],"In":[226],"other":[227,257,291],"districts,":[228,292],"patients":[229],"must":[230],"go":[231],"their":[233],"local":[234,283],"district":[237,298],"hospital":[238],"before":[239],"adding":[243],"$14.00/patient.":[245],"CONCLUSION":[246],"modest,":[254],"similar":[255],"outpatient":[258],"services.":[260],"Hospital-level":[261],"more":[264],"expensive":[265],"requiring":[267],"multiple":[268],"biopsies":[271,296],"Start-up":[274],"could":[278,300],"be":[279],"reduced":[280],"by":[281],"using":[282],"trainers":[284],"virtual/mobile":[286],"mentorship.":[287],"For":[288],"scalability":[289],"decentralizing":[293],"ultrasound":[294],"and/or":[295],"hospitals":[299],"reduce":[301]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2022-05-08T00:00:00"}