{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226340996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3408","title":"Startup acquisitions, relocation, and employee entrepreneurship","display_name":"Startup acquisitions, relocation, and employee entrepreneurship","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226340996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3408"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/smj.3408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3408","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/smj.3408","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102949365","display_name":"Strategic Management Journal","issn_l":"0143-2095","issn":["0143-2095","1097-0266"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","utd24","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Strategic Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/smj.3408","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011150965","display_name":"J. Daniel Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3650-7666","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3650-7666"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Daniel Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3650-7666","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011150965"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"fwci":7.4406,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97269829,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"11","first_page":"2189","last_page":"2216"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.5360999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.5360999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11903","display_name":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","score":0.427700012922287,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.023000000044703484,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/startup-acquisition","display_name":"startup acquisition","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-entrepreneurship","display_name":"employee entrepreneurship","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital","display_name":"human capital","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-startups","display_name":"technology startups","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/talent-retention","display_name":"talent retention","score":0.6110000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127576917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624630","display_name":"Competitor analysis","level":2,"score":0.7561219334602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.7537109851837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6607359051704407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.5940635800361633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779019381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3499564","display_name":"Relocation","level":2,"score":0.5583624839782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.5429752469062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q731112","display_name":"Mergers and acquisitions","level":2,"score":0.5344435572624207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.4827689230442047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3637451231479645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.23410847783088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2240038812160492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.10340595245361328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/smj.3408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3408","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/smj.3408","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102949365","display_name":"Strategic Management Journal","issn_l":"0143-2095","issn":["0143-2095","1097-0266"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","utd24","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Strategic Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.3568153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3568153","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3568153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/smj.3408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3408","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/smj.3408","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102949365","display_name":"Strategic Management Journal","issn_l":"0143-2095","issn":["0143-2095","1097-0266"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","utd24","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Strategic Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306140","display_name":"Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0288es483"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226340996.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226340996.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":93,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517950733","https://openalex.org/W1580741197","https://openalex.org/W1892934997","https://openalex.org/W1966929915","https://openalex.org/W1967077673","https://openalex.org/W1977802571","https://openalex.org/W1989783066","https://openalex.org/W1994535367","https://openalex.org/W1995210223","https://openalex.org/W2003458411","https://openalex.org/W2013502493","https://openalex.org/W2013618890","https://openalex.org/W2015520886","https://openalex.org/W2023924738","https://openalex.org/W2030437429","https://openalex.org/W2031467401","https://openalex.org/W2038332731","https://openalex.org/W2042410443","https://openalex.org/W2043593255","https://openalex.org/W2047843729","https://openalex.org/W2053496775","https://openalex.org/W2088318192","https://openalex.org/W2097457252","https://openalex.org/W2103348230","https://openalex.org/W2108795964","https://openalex.org/W2110487226","https://openalex.org/W2112590766","https://openalex.org/W2118493679","https://openalex.org/W2118854909","https://openalex.org/W2119493836","https://openalex.org/W2120339917","https://openalex.org/W2121097438","https://openalex.org/W2121626585","https://openalex.org/W2125840976","https://openalex.org/W2138269415","https://openalex.org/W2142831770","https://openalex.org/W2144610650","https://openalex.org/W2144963573","https://openalex.org/W2145291188","https://openalex.org/W2147815427","https://openalex.org/W2155694972","https://openalex.org/W2156909721","https://openalex.org/W2157850287","https://openalex.org/W2160449301","https://openalex.org/W2164580927","https://openalex.org/W2171217036","https://openalex.org/W2179492332","https://openalex.org/W2267264545","https://openalex.org/W2295424698","https://openalex.org/W2319638940","https://openalex.org/W2490760095","https://openalex.org/W2519716590","https://openalex.org/W2566221799","https://openalex.org/W2593968494","https://openalex.org/W2621216181","https://openalex.org/W2733569462","https://openalex.org/W2742527422","https://openalex.org/W2750083854","https://openalex.org/W2788306007","https://openalex.org/W2796034553","https://openalex.org/W2890566991","https://openalex.org/W2918261031","https://openalex.org/W2921351706","https://openalex.org/W2969804694","https://openalex.org/W2984088789","https://openalex.org/W2987290747","https://openalex.org/W3113269512","https://openalex.org/W3117723265","https://openalex.org/W3121355568","https://openalex.org/W3121707495","https://openalex.org/W3122778236","https://openalex.org/W3122826077","https://openalex.org/W3123007258","https://openalex.org/W3123331292","https://openalex.org/W3123496238","https://openalex.org/W3123912273","https://openalex.org/W3124831504","https://openalex.org/W3125229453","https://openalex.org/W3125571233","https://openalex.org/W3125823843","https://openalex.org/W3126081680","https://openalex.org/W3128690149","https://openalex.org/W3139046410","https://openalex.org/W3175027824","https://openalex.org/W3183304766","https://openalex.org/W3188303115","https://openalex.org/W3210108605","https://openalex.org/W4231991048","https://openalex.org/W4244744873","https://openalex.org/W4252028559","https://openalex.org/W4285369343","https://openalex.org/W4301066124","https://openalex.org/W6825496856"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2895293134","https://openalex.org/W3123496238","https://openalex.org/W407882607","https://openalex.org/W4388764034","https://openalex.org/W7168081143","https://openalex.org/W7009597015","https://openalex.org/W2304124735","https://openalex.org/W4416248179","https://openalex.org/W2119783097","https://openalex.org/W3198723787"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Research":[1],"Summary":[2,129],"This":[3,205],"study":[4,116,182],"examines":[5],"the":[6,12,22,36,66,75,96,102,165,169,176,211,222,229,238],"impact":[7],"of":[8,68,152,199,213],"startup":[9,52,62,98,118,145,185,240],"acquisition":[10],"on":[11,50,164],"acquired":[13,27,170,189,239],"employees'":[14,28],"propensity":[15],"for":[16],"entrepreneurship.":[17,127],"As":[18],"a":[19,136,149],"new":[20,150,203],"owner,":[21],"acquirer":[23],"may":[24],"not":[25],"prioritize":[26],"ideas":[29],"to":[30,101,125,167,191,226,241],"be":[31,148,202],"commercialized":[32],"internally,":[33],"thereby":[34],"increasing":[35],"odds":[37],"that":[38,61,184],"they":[39],"are":[40,220],"pursued":[41],"externally.":[42],"Leveraging":[43],"employee\u2010employer":[44],"matched":[45],"data":[46,174],"from":[47],"U.S.":[48],"Census":[49],"high\u2010tech":[51],"acquisitions":[53,63,119,146,186],"and":[54,73,105,156,193,215],"their":[55,159,195,252],"workforce":[56],"in":[57,110,139,175,179,243],"1990\u20132011,":[58,180],"I":[59],"find":[60],"substantially":[64],"increase":[65,138],"rate":[67],"employee":[69,126],"entrepreneurship":[70,80],"both":[71],"within":[72],"outside":[74],"target":[76,97],"firm's":[77],"industry.":[78],"Post\u2010acquisition":[79],"is":[81,93,99,207],"disproportionally":[82],"concentrated":[83],"among":[84],"individuals":[85,225],"with":[86],"high":[87],"human":[88],"capital.":[89],"Moreover,":[90],"this":[91,115,181],"effect":[92,206],"amplified":[94],"when":[95,108],"relocated":[100],"acquirer's":[103],"location,":[104],"largely":[106],"muted":[107],"left":[109],"its":[111,244],"original":[112,245],"location.":[113],"Overall,":[114],"highlights":[117],"as":[120],"an":[121],"important":[122],"organizational":[123],"precursor":[124],"Managerial":[128],"The":[130],"past":[131],"few":[132],"decades":[133],"have":[134],"shown":[135],"significant":[137],"established":[140],"firms":[141],"acquiring":[142],"startups.":[143],"Although":[144],"can":[147,201,232],"source":[151],"technological":[153],"innovation,":[154],"talent,":[155],"market":[157],"power,":[158],"long\u2010term":[160],"outcomes":[161],"likely":[162],"depend":[163],"ability":[166],"retain":[168,227],"personnel.":[171],"Using":[172],"comprehensive":[173],"United":[177],"States":[178],"shows":[183],"push":[187],"many":[188],"employees":[190],"leave":[192],"launch":[194],"own":[196],"ventures,":[197],"some":[198],"which":[200],"competitors.":[204],"disproportionately":[208],"driven":[209],"by":[210,236],"departures":[212],"founders":[214],"other":[216],"top":[217],"earners,":[218],"who":[219],"generally":[221],"most":[223],"valuable":[224],"after":[228],"acquisition.":[230],"Acquirers":[231],"mitigate":[233],"these":[234],"effects":[235],"allowing":[237],"remain":[242],"location":[246],"rather":[247],"than":[248],"relocating":[249],"it":[250],"inside":[251],"existing":[253],"establishments.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2022-05-05T00:00:00"}
