{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226026932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072788","title":"Fetal Electrocardiogram Extraction from the Mother\u2019s Abdominal Signal Using the Ensemble Kalman Filter","display_name":"Fetal Electrocardiogram Extraction from the Mother\u2019s Abdominal Signal Using the Ensemble Kalman Filter","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226026932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072788","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35408402","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9003129"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22072788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072788","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072788","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2788/pdf?version=1649225409","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2788/pdf?version=1649225409","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075565629","display_name":"Sadaf Sarafan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3177-2770","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3177-2770"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadaf Sarafan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3177-2770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101578807","display_name":"Tai Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1845-0064","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1845-0064"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tai Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078266060","display_name":"Michael Lau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael P.H. Lau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sensoriis Inc., Edmonds, WA, USA","Sensoriis, Inc., Edmonds, WA 98026, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sensoriis Inc., Edmonds, WA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sensoriis, Inc., Edmonds, WA 98026, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111197240","display_name":"Afshan B. Hameed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8354-1637","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8354-1637"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096636","display_name":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00cm8nm15","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096636","https://openalex.org/I4210137750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afshan Hameed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical Center, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA","Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical Center, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578","https://openalex.org/I4210096636"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008260974","display_name":"Tadesse Ghirmai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-745X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-745X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138624","display_name":"University of Washington Bothell","ror":"https://ror.org/02ygzhr13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210138624"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tadesse Ghirmai","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA, USA","Division of Engineering and Mathematics, Bothell Campus, University of Washington, Bothell, WA 98026, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138624"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Engineering and Mathematics, Bothell Campus, University of Washington, Bothell, WA 98026, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138624"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038366927","display_name":"Hung Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-7208","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-7208"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hung Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","Sensoriis Inc., Edmonds, WA, USA","Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sensoriis Inc., Edmonds, WA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038366927"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2513},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2513},"fwci":3.8275,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94855702,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"7","first_page":"2788","last_page":"2788"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fetal-electrocardiography","display_name":"fetal electrocardiogram","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abdominal-ecg","display_name":"abdominal ECG","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fecg-extraction","display_name":"FECG extraction","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-kalman-filter","display_name":"ensemble Kalman filter","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-channel-ecg","display_name":"single-channel ECG","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noninvasive-fetal-monitoring","display_name":"non-invasive fetal monitoring","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qrs-detection","display_name":"QRS complex detection","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-kalman-filter-comparison","display_name":"extended Kalman filter comparison","score":0.7889999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.6308950185775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5850877165794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5722963213920593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111773187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1969239","display_name":"QRS complex","level":2,"score":0.564170241355896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206833254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421817","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","level":3,"score":0.5368834733963013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46330931782722473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4608099162578583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4143785238265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24862167239189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.15350443124771118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005323","descriptor_name":"Fetal Monitoring","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005333","descriptor_name":"Fetus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009035","descriptor_name":"Mothers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010865","descriptor_name":"Pilot Projects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22072788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072788","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072788","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2788/pdf?version=1649225409","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1101/2021.08.18.456748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.18.456748","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.18.456748","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2021/08/19/2021.08.18.456748.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9003129","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9003129","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:35408402","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35408402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3bb40f2db89942759fda366b985e8a10","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3bb40f2db89942759fda366b985e8a10","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 22, Iss 7, p 2788 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt1j85g1cw","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1j85g1cw","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, vol 22, iss 7","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s22072788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072788","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072788","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2788/pdf?version=1649225409","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6671297155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CAREER","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7626413343","display_name":"CAREER: Wireless Flexible Micro-sensors to Monitor Cardiac Phenotypes in Zebrafish Models of Heart Regeneration","funder_award_id":"1917105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000043074","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OD024874","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332688","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226026932.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226026932.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968501912","https://openalex.org/W1974011200","https://openalex.org/W1985417651","https://openalex.org/W2025641161","https://openalex.org/W2041172941","https://openalex.org/W2056099733","https://openalex.org/W2068222610","https://openalex.org/W2092394402","https://openalex.org/W2102822809","https://openalex.org/W2108255727","https://openalex.org/W2111487809","https://openalex.org/W2113117388","https://openalex.org/W2119647652","https://openalex.org/W2121990799","https://openalex.org/W2123649031","https://openalex.org/W2130617400","https://openalex.org/W2131960198","https://openalex.org/W2132904166","https://openalex.org/W2148534488","https://openalex.org/W2157209869","https://openalex.org/W2295695367","https://openalex.org/W2315436141","https://openalex.org/W2399384963","https://openalex.org/W2401772766","https://openalex.org/W2472471680","https://openalex.org/W2615076654","https://openalex.org/W2752296704","https://openalex.org/W2781787924","https://openalex.org/W2791294216","https://openalex.org/W2793232152","https://openalex.org/W2794290939","https://openalex.org/W2799621666","https://openalex.org/W2802945731","https://openalex.org/W2808573609","https://openalex.org/W2811364119","https://openalex.org/W2888293990","https://openalex.org/W2895258827","https://openalex.org/W2918149247","https://openalex.org/W2944976620","https://openalex.org/W2966085538","https://openalex.org/W3033824776","https://openalex.org/W3040113462","https://openalex.org/W3095574656","https://openalex.org/W3157843597","https://openalex.org/W4200450410","https://openalex.org/W4242704000","https://openalex.org/W4297889165","https://openalex.org/W4320406025","https://openalex.org/W6696741278","https://openalex.org/W7010033823"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7030547220","https://openalex.org/W71099764","https://openalex.org/W2006194595","https://openalex.org/W3192358943","https://openalex.org/W1191933188","https://openalex.org/W2723425658","https://openalex.org/W3176236889","https://openalex.org/W7138981399","https://openalex.org/W7113042256","https://openalex.org/W2588733828"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fetal":[0],"electrocardiogram":[1],"(fECG)":[2],"assessment":[3],"is":[4,46,61,167],"essential":[5],"throughout":[6],"pregnancy":[7],"to":[8,18,26],"monitor":[9],"the":[10,15,27,32,37,79,95,98,123,137,154,164,174],"wellbeing":[11],"and":[12,17,120,149,169,171],"development":[13],"of":[14,39,59,97,116,143,147,151],"fetus,":[16],"possibly":[19],"diagnose":[20],"potential":[21],"congenital":[22],"heart":[23],"defects.":[24],"Due":[25],"high":[28],"noise":[29],"incorporated":[30],"in":[31,64],"abdominal":[33],"ECG":[34],"(aECG)":[35],"signals,":[36],"extraction":[38,54,87],"fECG":[40,53,86],"has":[41],"been":[42],"challenging.":[43],"And":[44],"it":[45,172],"even":[47],"a":[48,65,74,89,109],"lot":[49],"more":[50],"difficult":[51],"for":[52,84],"if":[55],"only":[56],"one":[57],"channel":[58],"aECG":[60,91],"provided,":[62],"i.e.,":[63],"compact":[66],"patch":[67],"device.":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70],"paper,":[71],"we":[72,101],"propose":[73],"novel":[75],"algorithm":[76,166],"based":[77,181],"on":[78],"Ensemble":[80],"Kalman":[81,178],"filter":[82,179],"(EnKF)":[83],"non-invasive":[85],"from":[88,108,122,153],"single-channel":[90],"signal.":[92],"To":[93],"assess":[94],"performance":[96],"proposed":[99,134,165,176],"algorithm,":[100],"used":[102],"our":[103],"own":[104],"clinical":[105],"data,":[106],"obtained":[107],"pilot":[110],"study":[111],"with":[112,128],"10":[113],"subjects":[114],"each":[115],"20":[117],"min":[118],"recording,":[119],"data":[121],"PhysioNet":[124,155],"2013":[125,156],"Challenge":[126,157],"bank":[127],"labeled":[129],"QRS":[130],"complex":[131],"annotations.":[132],"The":[133],"methodology":[135],"shows":[136],"average":[138],"positive":[139],"predictive":[140],"value":[141],"(PPV)":[142],"97.59%,":[144],"sensitivity":[145],"(SE)":[146],"96.91%,":[148],"F1-score":[150],"97.25%":[152],"bank.":[158],"Our":[159],"results":[160],"also":[161],"indicate":[162],"that":[163],"reliable":[168],"effective,":[170],"outperforms":[173],"recently":[175],"extended":[177],"(EKF)":[180],"algorithm.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2022-05-05T00:00:00"}