{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226023710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","title":"Remdesivir, Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir remain active against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and other variants of concern","display_name":"Remdesivir, Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir remain active against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and other variants of concern","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226023710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35085683","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8785409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354222000201/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137372404","display_name":"Antiviral Research","issn_l":"0166-3542","issn":["0166-3542","1872-9096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Antiviral Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354222000201/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037780048","display_name":"Laura Vangeel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8820-6617","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8820-6617"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24156275","display_name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24156275"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Vangeel","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24156275","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079163850","display_name":"Winston Chiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-623X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-623X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24156275","display_name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24156275"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Winston Chiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24156275","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030947556","display_name":"Steven De Jonghe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3872-6558","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3872-6558"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24156275","display_name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24156275"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven De Jonghe","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24156275","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008139614","display_name":"Piet Maes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4571-5232","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4571-5232"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24156275","display_name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24156275"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piet Maes","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24156275","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008246155","display_name":"Bram Slechten","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800231306","display_name":"Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/0424bsv16","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bram Slechten","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031543947","display_name":"Joren Raymenants","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6441-1843","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6441-1843"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800231306","display_name":"Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/0424bsv16","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joren Raymenants","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Leuven, Belgium","KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Leuven, Belgium","University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002144784","display_name":"Emmanuel Andr\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8321-3770","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8321-3770","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0658-9309"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800231306","display_name":"Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/0424bsv16","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanuel Andr\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Leuven, Belgium","KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Leuven, Belgium","University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036860979","display_name":"Pieter Leyssen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-1688","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-1688"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24156275","display_name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24156275"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pieter Leyssen","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24156275","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089010495","display_name":"Johan H. Neyts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0033-7514","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0033-7514"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24156275","display_name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24156275"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johan Neyts","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: johan.neyts@kuleuven.be","KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: johan.neyts@kuleuven.be","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24156275","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073105044","display_name":"Dirk Jochmans","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9265-6028","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9265-6028"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24156275","display_name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12","country_code":"BE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24156275"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Jochmans","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: dirk.jochmans@kuleuven.be","KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9265-6028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: dirk.jochmans@kuleuven.be","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24156275","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073105044","https://openalex.org/A5089010495"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24156275","https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":{"value":3078,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3319},"fwci":51.1132,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":440,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99909788,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"198","issue":null,"first_page":"105252","last_page":"105252"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.006899999920278788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11754","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remdesivir","display_name":"remdesivir","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molnupiravir","display_name":"molnupiravir","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nirmatrelvir","display_name":"nirmatrelvir","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/omicron-variant","display_name":"Omicron variant","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variants-of-concern","display_name":"variants of concern","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiviral-activity","display_name":"antiviral activity","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gs-441524","display_name":"GS-441524","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-rna-dependent-rna-polymerase","display_name":"viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/main-protease-mpro","display_name":"main protease (Mpro)","score":0.8930000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.733789324760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776714187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212410","display_name":"Protease","level":3,"score":0.6377649903297424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.6350370049476624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67705224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053","display_name":"RNA","level":3,"score":0.6296182870864868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776543447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28734","display_name":"Nucleoside","level":2,"score":0.618870198726654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.5596982836723328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.49271658062934875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184112429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476174","display_name":"Serial dilution","level":3,"score":0.4694518446922302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82381507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416878","display_name":"Polymerase","level":3,"score":0.45535898208618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778022156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576145","display_name":"Strain (injury)","level":2,"score":0.4514939486980438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.38056355714797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.34492921829223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.21941739320755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.21019324660301208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.19684171676635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1735551953315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.13737279176712036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1300705075263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086782","descriptor_name":"Coronavirus 3C Proteases","qualifier_ui":"Q000037","qualifier_name":"antagonists & inhibitors","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000093485","descriptor_name":"COVID-19 Drug Treatment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000241","descriptor_name":"Adenosine","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000241","descriptor_name":"Adenosine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000249","descriptor_name":"Adenosine Monophosphate","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000249","descriptor_name":"Adenosine Monophosphate","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000409","descriptor_name":"Alanine","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000409","descriptor_name":"Alanine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000998","descriptor_name":"Antiviral Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002522","descriptor_name":"Chlorocebus aethiops","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003562","descriptor_name":"Cytidine","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003562","descriptor_name":"Cytidine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006898","descriptor_name":"Hydroxylamines","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007769","descriptor_name":"Lactams","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007930","descriptor_name":"Leucine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008826","descriptor_name":"Microbial Sensitivity Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009570","descriptor_name":"Nitriles","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011392","descriptor_name":"Proline","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012324","descriptor_name":"RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase","qualifier_ui":"Q000037","qualifier_name":"antagonists & inhibitors","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014709","descriptor_name":"Vero Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014779","descriptor_name":"Virus Replication","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354222000201/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137372404","display_name":"Antiviral Research","issn_l":"0166-3542","issn":["0166-3542","1872-9096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Antiviral Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1101/2021.12.27.474275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.27.474275","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.27.474275","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2022/01/15/2021.12.27.474275.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8785409","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8785409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Antiviral Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:35085683","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35085683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Antiviral research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/689358","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/689358","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/65c428df-9fa6-4c91-b6d4-596e5d87d121","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Antiviral Research, vol. 198, Art.No. 105252","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/694936","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/694936","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/77b124bd-f781-4f0f-a724-dfc7769183ec","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105252","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354222000201/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137372404","display_name":"Antiviral Research","issn_l":"0166-3542","issn":["0166-3542","1872-9096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Antiviral Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2344375386","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INV -00636","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2594633648","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101003627","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2605422190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101005077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314178","funder_display_name":"European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G27526698","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101005077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3985696018","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZW13-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4103011049","display_name":"Corona Accelerated R&D in Europe","funder_award_id":"101005077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5033194471","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZW13-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5069427589","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZW13-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330538","funder_display_name":"Rega Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5409925101","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101005077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326631","funder_display_name":"Innovative Medicines Initiative"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5977900945","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G0G4820N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322308","funder_display_name":"KU Leuven"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6122222817","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"COVID-19","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6305477373","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101005077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310838","funder_display_name":"University of Dundee"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6757056068","display_name":"DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF RELEVANT HAMSTER AND MOUSE SARS-COV-2 INFECTION MODELS TO AID IN THE DESIGN OF THERAPEUTIC AND PROPHYLACTIC OPTIONS FOR COVID-19","funder_award_id":"G0G4820N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7905289576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G0G4820N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G838529247","display_name":"Swift COronavirus therapeutics REsponse","funder_award_id":"101003627","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8471316792","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101003627","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310838","funder_display_name":"University of Dundee"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8796584861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101003627","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314178","funder_display_name":"European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8983293788","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G0G4820N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335514","funder_display_name":"Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, KU Leuven"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0456r8d26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310838","display_name":"University of Dundee","ror":"https://ror.org/03h2bxq36"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314178","display_name":"European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations","ror":"https://ror.org/00g1x4v36"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322308","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326631","display_name":"Innovative Medicines Initiative","ror":"https://ror.org/019af4n30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330538","display_name":"Rega Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/032ckrb66"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335514","display_name":"Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/0424bsv16"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226023710.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4226023710.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2049879791","https://openalex.org/W3027630905","https://openalex.org/W3037267713","https://openalex.org/W3087229022","https://openalex.org/W3090894484","https://openalex.org/W3098697637","https://openalex.org/W3105815895","https://openalex.org/W3121286195","https://openalex.org/W3127353402","https://openalex.org/W3134208712","https://openalex.org/W3135540980","https://openalex.org/W3174067010","https://openalex.org/W3179206042","https://openalex.org/W3189646261","https://openalex.org/W3196297007","https://openalex.org/W3208312080","https://openalex.org/W3213859107","https://openalex.org/W4200206478","https://openalex.org/W4200235308","https://openalex.org/W4200560336","https://openalex.org/W4212949239","https://openalex.org/W4220976155","https://openalex.org/W4226087845","https://openalex.org/W4285023345","https://openalex.org/W4287417335","https://openalex.org/W6788092027","https://openalex.org/W6804642983"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007255617","https://openalex.org/W4205193219","https://openalex.org/W4229363631","https://openalex.org/W4366496918","https://openalex.org/W7130320233","https://openalex.org/W4406844737","https://openalex.org/W4401030075","https://openalex.org/W7122606865","https://openalex.org/W4322772816","https://openalex.org/W4205617534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"assessed":[1],"the":[2,21,27,32,48,71,75,89,92,99,106],"in":[3,86],"vitro":[4],"antiviral":[5,68],"activity":[6,69],"of":[7,35,47,95],"remdesivir":[8],"and":[9,15,20,31,74,81,105],"its":[10,16],"parent":[11,17],"nucleoside":[12,18],"GS-441524,":[13],"molnupiravir":[14],"EIDD-1931":[19],"viral":[22,100,107],"protease":[23,109],"inhibitor":[24],"nirmatrelvir":[25],"against":[26,70],"ancestral":[28,72],"SARS-CoV2":[29],"strain":[30],"five":[33],"variants":[34],"concern":[36],"including":[37],"Omicron.":[38,82],"VeroE6-GFP":[39],"cells":[40],"were":[41],"pre-treated":[42],"overnight":[43],"with":[44,88],"serial":[45],"dilutions":[46],"compounds":[49],"before":[50],"infection.":[51],"The":[52],"GFP":[53],"signal":[54],"was":[55],"determined":[56],"by":[57],"high-content":[58],"imaging":[59],"on":[60],"day":[61],"4":[62],"post-infection.":[63],"All":[64],"molecules":[65],"have":[66],"equipotent":[67],"virus":[73],"VOCs":[76],"Alpha,":[77],"Beta,":[78],"Gamma,":[79],"Delta":[80],"These":[83],"findings":[84],"are":[85,111],"line":[87],"observation":[90],"that":[91],"target":[93],"proteins":[94],"these":[96],"antivirals":[97],"(respectively":[98],"RNA":[101,103],"dependent":[102],"polymerase":[104],"main":[108],"Mpro)":[110],"highly":[112],"conserved.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":70},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":145},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":167}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2022-05-05T00:00:00"}
