{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4224924600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","title":"The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast Cancer","display_name":"The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast Cancer","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4224924600","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","pdf_url":"https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/download/176/139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738604745","display_name":"Biology Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry","issn_l":"2089-6514","issn":["2089-6514","2540-9328"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315318","host_organization_name":"Sunan Kalijaga Islamic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315318"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sunan Kalijaga Islamic University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/download/176/139","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042948384","display_name":"Harem Othman Smail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9867-4289","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9867-4289"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4896460","display_name":"Koya University","ror":"https://ror.org/017pq0w72","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4896460"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harem Othman Smail","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region-F. R. Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region-F. R. Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4896460"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042948384"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4896460"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1214,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30882441,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"45","last_page":"54"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11213","display_name":"Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11213","display_name":"Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11287","display_name":"Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10183","display_name":"Breast Cancer Treatment Studies","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"breast cancer","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization","display_name":"fluorescence in situ hybridization","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-genomic-hybridization","display_name":"comparative genomic hybridization","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromosomal-abnormalities","display_name":"chromosomal abnormalities","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copy-number-alterations","display_name":"copy number alterations","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromosome-painting","display_name":"chromosome painting","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytogenetic-diagnosis","display_name":"cytogenetic diagnosis","score":0.621999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124942203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656638","display_name":"Comparative genomic hybridization","level":4,"score":0.890620231628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777542201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1336182","display_name":"Fluorescence in situ hybridization","level":4,"score":0.8014667630195618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6882562637329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70278784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574427","display_name":"Metaphase","level":4,"score":0.6244699954986572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53226629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189967","display_name":"Karyotype","level":4,"score":0.534074068069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81439078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304142","display_name":"In situ hybridization","level":4,"score":0.5258427262306213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30481170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37748","display_name":"Chromosome","level":3,"score":0.47490206360816956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3980451226234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.32790303230285645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.07968389987945557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","pdf_url":"https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/download/176/139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738604745","display_name":"Biology Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry","issn_l":"2089-6514","issn":["2089-6514","2540-9328"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315318","host_organization_name":"Sunan Kalijaga Islamic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315318"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sunan Kalijaga Islamic University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:84234b7f402d49e280de418632729f4c","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/84234b7f402d49e280de418632729f4c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Biology, Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 45-54 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.sciencebiology.org:article/176","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/view/176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738604745","display_name":"Biology Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry","issn_l":"2089-6514","issn":["2089-6514","2540-9328"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315318","host_organization_name":"Sunan Kalijaga Islamic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315318"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sunan Kalijaga Islamic University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry; Vol 11, No 1 (2022); 45-54","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54","pdf_url":"https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/download/176/139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738604745","display_name":"Biology Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry","issn_l":"2089-6514","issn":["2089-6514","2540-9328"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315318","host_organization_name":"Sunan Kalijaga Islamic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315318"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sunan Kalijaga Islamic University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology, Medicine, &amp; Natural Product Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.766700029373169}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224924600.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224924600.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18543265","https://openalex.org/W1788861643","https://openalex.org/W1898400269","https://openalex.org/W1967186439","https://openalex.org/W1970028489","https://openalex.org/W1971327891","https://openalex.org/W1974882330","https://openalex.org/W1991044279","https://openalex.org/W1992181243","https://openalex.org/W2000368676","https://openalex.org/W2015114761","https://openalex.org/W2019267973","https://openalex.org/W2019374755","https://openalex.org/W2021920872","https://openalex.org/W2025047211","https://openalex.org/W2026251993","https://openalex.org/W2028360388","https://openalex.org/W2032040083","https://openalex.org/W2043396273","https://openalex.org/W2049095878","https://openalex.org/W2051080828","https://openalex.org/W2052871830","https://openalex.org/W2054161279","https://openalex.org/W2056478325","https://openalex.org/W2065946012","https://openalex.org/W2071906932","https://openalex.org/W2073225422","https://openalex.org/W2079465534","https://openalex.org/W2091981858","https://openalex.org/W2106181475","https://openalex.org/W2106292881","https://openalex.org/W2115703678","https://openalex.org/W2116375958","https://openalex.org/W2117206813","https://openalex.org/W2121341625","https://openalex.org/W2125762535","https://openalex.org/W2128313472","https://openalex.org/W2131658210","https://openalex.org/W2136109301","https://openalex.org/W2139372524","https://openalex.org/W2140804091","https://openalex.org/W2145552137","https://openalex.org/W2148964509","https://openalex.org/W2153206149","https://openalex.org/W2153996581","https://openalex.org/W2159081821","https://openalex.org/W2159427817","https://openalex.org/W2162536970","https://openalex.org/W2162767662","https://openalex.org/W2166311434","https://openalex.org/W2170948220","https://openalex.org/W2515982329","https://openalex.org/W2586560471","https://openalex.org/W2587253212","https://openalex.org/W2610509384","https://openalex.org/W2774903533","https://openalex.org/W2791981903","https://openalex.org/W2807304487","https://openalex.org/W2899013717","https://openalex.org/W2973272637","https://openalex.org/W2998350394","https://openalex.org/W2999153368","https://openalex.org/W3016584580","https://openalex.org/W3026945747","https://openalex.org/W3036032550","https://openalex.org/W3080140996","https://openalex.org/W4302367118","https://openalex.org/W6657083423","https://openalex.org/W6667201089"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093197460","https://openalex.org/W2109201907","https://openalex.org/W1967351168","https://openalex.org/W1552379766","https://openalex.org/W2377945315","https://openalex.org/W2410576003","https://openalex.org/W1974121187","https://openalex.org/W2153960532","https://openalex.org/W1993739914","https://openalex.org/W2212236439"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"aimed":[2],"to":[3,132,242],"understand":[4],"and":[5,18,41,104,111,152,161,167,176,182,230],"compare":[6],"the":[7,36,42,72,80,85,94,102,105,112,185,198,243,283],"two":[8,43,267,274],"popular":[9],"cytogenetic":[10,119,142],"techniques":[11],"of":[12,38,71,149,165,200,233,253,287],"fluorescence":[13,52,123],"in":[14,23,35,50,53,56,124,194,210,213,266],"situ":[15,54,125,195],"hybridization":[16,21,55,62,126,196,199,234,259],"(FISH)":[17,127],"comparative":[19,60,257],"genomic":[20,61,258],"(CGH)":[22],"detecting":[24],"breast":[25,39,75],"cancer":[26,76],"chromosomal":[27,30,96,154,207],"abnormality.":[28],"Several":[29],"anomalies":[31],"play":[32,46],"a":[33,146,162,172,201,238],"role":[34,49],"development":[37],"cancer,":[40],"above":[44],"approaches":[45],"an":[47,214],"important":[48],"confirming":[51],"particular":[57],"(FISH).":[58],"However,":[59],"has":[63],"developed":[64],"DNA":[65,106,203,208,272],"copy":[66,98],"number":[67,99],"profiles":[68,89],"for":[69,79,93,159,174,223,246],"most":[70],"publicly":[73],"available":[74],"cell":[77,150],"lines":[78],"FISH":[81,226],"methods":[82],"rely":[83],"on":[84],"fluorescent":[86],"probes.":[87],"Chromosomal":[88],"can":[90,108,114],"be":[91,109,115,138],"generated":[92],"suspected":[95],"abnormality,":[97],"changes":[100],"between":[101],"tumour":[103],"control":[107],"compared,":[110],"results":[113],"registered.":[116],"Today,":[117],"modern":[118],"tools":[120],"such":[121,188],"as":[122,189,237,277],"are":[128,178,221],"more":[129],"commonly":[130],"used":[131,222],"detect":[133],"any":[134],"microdeletion":[135],"that":[136,144],"cannot":[137],"detected":[139],"by":[140],"conventional":[141],"karyotypes":[143],"involve":[145],"high":[147,186],"rate":[148],"division":[151],"good":[153],"morphology,":[155],"which":[156,279],"pose":[157],"challenges":[158],"cytogeneticists,":[160],"long":[163],"period":[164],"testing":[166],"research.":[168],"Usually,":[169],"this":[170],"is":[171,256],"problem":[173],"physicians,":[175],"there":[177],"still":[179],"many":[180],"drawbacks":[181],"disadvantages":[183],"concerning":[184,282],"benefits,":[187],"false":[190],"findings.":[191],"Normal":[192],"chromosome":[193,225,254,264],"requires":[197],"labelled":[202],"probe":[204,245],"into":[205],"denatured":[206],"present":[209],"metaphase":[211],"chromosomes":[212],"air-dried":[215],"microscope":[216],"slide":[217],"preparation.":[218],"Metaphase":[219],"spreads":[220],"traditional":[224],"(metaphase":[227],"FISH).":[228],"Positive":[229],"positive":[231],"signs":[232],"also":[235],"appear":[236],"double":[239],"spot,":[240],"corresponding":[241],"hybridized":[244],"both":[247],"sister":[248],"chromatids.":[249],"A":[250],"further":[251],"extension":[252],"painting":[255,265],"(CCI-I).":[260],"CCH":[261],"involves":[262],"simultaneous":[263],"different":[268],"colours":[269],"using":[270],"complete":[271],"from":[273],"similar":[275],"sources":[276],"probes,":[278],"reveal":[280],"variations":[281],"benefit":[284],"or":[285,290],"loss":[286],"sub-chromosomal":[288],"regions":[289],"even":[291],"entire":[292],"chromosomes.":[293]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2022-04-28T00:00:00"}
