{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4224252652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040591","title":"Machine Learning Techniques for Estimating Hydraulic Properties of the Topsoil across the Zambezi River Basin","display_name":"Machine Learning Techniques for Estimating Hydraulic Properties of the Topsoil across the Zambezi River Basin","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4224252652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040591"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/land11040591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040591","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/4/591/pdf?version=1650358481","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738397068","display_name":"Land","issn_l":"2073-445X","issn":["2073-445X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/4/591/pdf?version=1650358481","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022361857","display_name":"Mulenga Kalumba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6766-9919","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6766-9919"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33278361","display_name":"University of Zambia","ror":"https://ror.org/03gh19d69","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33278361"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE","ZM"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mulenga Kalumba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Engineering, The University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia","Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6766-9919","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Engineering, The University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33278361"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009637676","display_name":"Edwin Nyirenda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6105-1328","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6105-1328"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33278361","display_name":"University of Zambia","ror":"https://ror.org/03gh19d69","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33278361"]}],"countries":["ZM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edwin Nyirenda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33278361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039810630","display_name":"Imasiku Anayawa Nyambe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6176-0084","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6176-0084"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33278361","display_name":"University of Zambia","ror":"https://ror.org/03gh19d69","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33278361"]}],"countries":["ZM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imasiku Nyambe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geology, School of Mines, The University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geology, School of Mines, The University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 32379, Zambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33278361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061786535","display_name":"Stefaan Dondeyne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-7860","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-7860"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefaan Dondeyne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S8, 9000 Gent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-7860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S8, 9000 Gent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010957529","display_name":"Jos Van Orshoven","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-7188","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-7188"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos Van Orshoven","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-7188","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022361857"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33278361","https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"fwci":0.5306,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5466553,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"591","last_page":"591"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10716","display_name":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-soil-mapping","display_name":"digital soil mapping","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-hydraulic-properties","display_name":"soil hydraulic properties","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topsoil","display_name":"topsoil","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-moisture","display_name":"soil moisture","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saturated-hydraulic-conductivity","display_name":"saturated hydraulic conductivity","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedotransfer-functions","display_name":"pedotransfer functions","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-growth-model","display_name":"crop growth simulation","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual-kriging","display_name":"residual kriging","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-autocorrelation","display_name":"spatial autocorrelation","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"random forest","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-boosted-regression-trees","display_name":"gradient boosting regression tree","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network","display_name":"artificial neural networks","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-linear-regression","display_name":"multiple linear regression","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-texture","display_name":"soil texture","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zambezi-river-basin","display_name":"Zambezi River Basin","score":0.7599999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164285268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7159349","display_name":"Pedotransfer function","level":4,"score":0.6114343404769897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144144481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q742350","display_name":"Permanent wilting point","level":4,"score":0.5994617938995361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5878280401229858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104471815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276164","display_name":"Digital soil mapping","level":4,"score":0.4588963985443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.44561222195625305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20529654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1247456","display_name":"Topsoil","level":3,"score":0.43829232454299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63184880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2783041","display_name":"Hydraulic conductivity","level":3,"score":0.40555840730667114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71864017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889561","display_name":"Soil map","level":3,"score":0.35513168573379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.34720999002456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.2995714545249939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27934549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1402691","display_name":"Field capacity","level":3,"score":0.26785361766815186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.14113107323646545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/land11040591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040591","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/4/591/pdf?version=1650358481","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738397068","display_name":"Land","issn_l":"2073-445X","issn":["2073-445X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/694010","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/694010","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/6a0a4d70-0c0b-4998-bd9c-7b2983612bdc","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Land, vol. 11 (4), Art.No. 591","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:4:p:591-:d:796577","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/4/591/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:8750025","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8750025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 2073-445X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9afa6384abe24882b48fd28777363852","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9afa6384abe24882b48fd28777363852","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Land, Vol 11, Iss 4, p 591 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:180298","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubir/machine-learning-techniques-for-estimating-hydraulic-properties-of-the-topsoil-across-the-zambezi-river-basin(55944939-a4ad-4ec0-98cc-0564f82681b5).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/land11040591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040591","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/4/591/pdf?version=1650358481","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738397068","display_name":"Land","issn_l":"2073-445X","issn":["2073-445X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Land","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.75},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6875},{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.6618000268936157}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3066543820","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"690268","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G495187929","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EU\u2010H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322308","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224252652.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4224252652.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121446352","https://openalex.org/W429766147","https://openalex.org/W1058055990","https://openalex.org/W1490839515","https://openalex.org/W1971229472","https://openalex.org/W1981213426","https://openalex.org/W1994975670","https://openalex.org/W2000190887","https://openalex.org/W2005786949","https://openalex.org/W2007873570","https://openalex.org/W2010081281","https://openalex.org/W2016989768","https://openalex.org/W2024697317","https://openalex.org/W2033960614","https://openalex.org/W2054325787","https://openalex.org/W2068307090","https://openalex.org/W2078712779","https://openalex.org/W2088363839","https://openalex.org/W2091259694","https://openalex.org/W2102467070","https://openalex.org/W2107620525","https://openalex.org/W2109582738","https://openalex.org/W2129972683","https://openalex.org/W2132606767","https://openalex.org/W2153978805","https://openalex.org/W2191592919","https://openalex.org/W2207880828","https://openalex.org/W2234929136","https://openalex.org/W2338247853","https://openalex.org/W2588003345","https://openalex.org/W2589351175","https://openalex.org/W2602718975","https://openalex.org/W2608720956","https://openalex.org/W2613126452","https://openalex.org/W2614464134","https://openalex.org/W2767621512","https://openalex.org/W2899087191","https://openalex.org/W2929575844","https://openalex.org/W2974097001","https://openalex.org/W2995150843","https://openalex.org/W3086056576","https://openalex.org/W3108092948","https://openalex.org/W3166420679","https://openalex.org/W3200303594","https://openalex.org/W4211056572","https://openalex.org/W4251018615","https://openalex.org/W4388284198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7018639023","https://openalex.org/W3108092948","https://openalex.org/W4224326002","https://openalex.org/W4327605995","https://openalex.org/W3202327773","https://openalex.org/W7106524037","https://openalex.org/W4388492098","https://openalex.org/W4366418495","https://openalex.org/W4396920861","https://openalex.org/W3211325829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,15,21,46,57,84],"critical":[2,62],"to":[3,25,59,69,108,294,310,359],"produce":[4],"more":[5],"crop":[6,33,41,71,357,366],"per":[7],"drop":[8],"in":[9,39,262,296],"an":[10],"environment":[11],"where":[12],"water":[13,20,118,277,287],"availability":[14],"decreasing":[16],"and":[17,87,126,130,153,188,194,204,223,237,298,306,338,356,361,365],"competition":[18],"for":[19,78,151,169,268,281,285,354],"increasing.":[22],"In":[23],"order":[24],"build":[26],"such":[27,51,92],"agricultural":[28],"production":[29],"systems,":[30],"well":[31,159],"parameterized":[32],"growth":[34,42,72,367],"models":[35,107,218,248,253,271],"are":[36,350],"essential.":[37],"While":[38],"most":[40,344],"modeling":[43],"research,":[44],"focus":[45],"on":[47],"gathering":[48],"model":[49,202,264,304,314],"inputs":[50],"as":[52,93,158,160,325],"climate":[53,185,337],"data,":[54],"less":[55],"emphasis":[56],"paid":[58],"collecting":[60],"the":[61,79,110,116,132,138,155,171,242,245,252,263,275,286,289,317,326,343],"soil":[63,95,117,187,333],"hydraulic":[64,134],"properties":[65],"(SHPs)":[66],"data":[67,77],"needed":[68],"operate":[70],"models.":[73,173,368],"Collection":[74],"of":[75,105,115,131,143,148,164,177,198,211,217,244,272,274,322],"SHPs":[76],"Zambezi":[80],"River":[81],"Basin":[82],"(ZRB)":[83],"extremely":[85],"labor-intensive":[86],"expensive,":[88],"thus":[89],"alternate":[90],"technologies":[91],"digital":[94,200],"mapping":[96],"(DSM)":[97],"must":[98],"be":[99],"explored.":[100],"We":[101,174],"evaluated":[102],"five":[103,215,270],"types":[104,216],"DSM":[106,156,172,247],"establish":[109],"best":[111,318],"spatially":[112,250],"explicit":[113],"estimates":[114,142],"content":[119],"at":[120],"pF0.0":[121],"(saturation),":[122],"pF2.0":[123],"(field":[124],"capacity),":[125],"pF4.2":[127],"(wilting":[128],"point),":[129],"saturated":[133],"conductivity":[135],"(Ksat)":[136],"across":[137],"ZRB":[139],"by":[140,336],"using":[141],"locally":[144],"calibrated":[145],"pedotransfer":[146],"functions":[147],"1481":[149],"locations":[150,168],"training":[152,297],"testing":[154],"models,":[157],"a":[161,199,208,351],"reference":[162],"dataset":[163],"measurements":[165],"from":[166,180,292,308],"174":[167],"validating":[170],"produced":[175],"coverages":[176],"environmental":[178],"covariates":[179],"various":[181],"source":[182],"datasets,":[183],"including":[184],"variables,":[186],"land":[189],"use":[190],"maps,":[191],"parent":[192],"materials":[193],"lithologic":[195],"units,":[196],"derivatives":[197],"elevation":[201,340],"(DEM),":[203],"Landsat":[205],"imagery":[206],"with":[207,256,330],"spatial":[209],"resolution":[210],"90":[212],"m.":[213],"The":[214,347],"included":[219],"multiple":[220],"linear":[221],"regression":[222,233],"four":[224],"machine":[225],"learning":[226],"techniques:":[227],"artificial":[228],"neural":[229],"network,":[230],"gradient":[231],"boosted":[232],"trees,":[234],"random":[235,323],"forest,":[236],"support":[238],"vector":[239],"machine.":[240],"Where":[241],"residuals":[243,265,305],"initial":[246],"were":[249,254,342],"autocorrelated,":[251],"extended/complemented":[255],"residual":[257],"kriging":[258],"(RK).":[259],"Spatial":[260],"autocorrelation":[261],"was":[266],"observed":[267],"all":[269],"each":[273],"three":[276],"contents,":[278],"but":[279],"not":[280],"Ksat.":[282],"On":[283],"average":[284],"content,":[288],"R2":[290],"ranged":[291,307],"0.40":[293],"0.80":[295,309],"test":[299],"datasets":[300],"before":[301],"adding":[302,313],"kriged":[303],"0.95":[311],"after":[312],"residuals.":[315],"Overall,":[316],"prediction":[319],"method":[320],"consisted":[321],"forest":[324],"deterministic":[327],"model,":[328],"complemented":[329],"RK,":[331],"whereby":[332],"texture":[334],"followed":[335],"topographic":[339],"variables":[341],"important":[345],"covariates.":[346],"resulting":[348],"maps":[349],"ready-to-use":[352],"resource":[353],"hydrologists":[355],"modelers":[358],"aliment":[360],"calibrate":[362],"their":[363],"hydrological":[364]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2022-04-26T00:00:00"}
