{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4223592579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473","title":"Therapeutic efficacy of four antiviral drugs in treatment of COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and Network Meta-analysis","display_name":"Therapeutic efficacy of four antiviral drugs in treatment of COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and Network Meta-analysis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4223592579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2022/04/10/2022.04.05.22273473.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2022/04/10/2022.04.05.22273473.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077240986","display_name":"Liangkun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4528-6968","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4528-6968"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106451","display_name":"Jinan Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01fr19c68","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106451"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang-kun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4528-6968","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wen-chao Gu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106451","display_name":"Jinan Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01fr19c68","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106451"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-chao Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103784271","display_name":"Ling Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7704-0658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7704-0658"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134738993","display_name":"Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0523y5c19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chen Jian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106451","display_name":"Jinan Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01fr19c68","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106451"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chen Jian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106451"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106451"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13444","display_name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiviral-agents","display_name":"antiviral agents","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ribavirin","display_name":"ribavirin","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arbidol","display_name":"arbidol","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chloroquine-phosphate","display_name":"chloroquine phosphate","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferon","display_name":"interferon","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-therapy","display_name":"combination therapy","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-efficacy","display_name":"treatment efficacy","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-effects","display_name":"adverse effects","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-clearance","display_name":"viral clearance","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-inflammation","display_name":"lung inflammation","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2","score":0.734000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6407532691955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.5989249348640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776478404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105187","display_name":"Cochrane Library","level":3,"score":0.5674893260002136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.5256073474884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780040827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421862","display_name":"Ribavirin","level":4,"score":0.4969671070575714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.4568319022655487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4547840356826782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.45246976613998413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.4456669092178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.437366783618927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4223654866218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020774429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201886","display_name":"Web of science","level":3,"score":0.41043156385421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.328827828168869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.2897731065750122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.223940908908844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.18758875131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.1258516013622284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.12526506185531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08423897624015808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776408679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708693","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2022/04/10/2022.04.05.22273473.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.05.22273473","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2022/04/10/2022.04.05.22273473.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/study-protocol","display_name":"Study Protocol"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4223592579.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4223592579.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036740","https://openalex.org/W971519378","https://openalex.org/W1617328014","https://openalex.org/W1841904820","https://openalex.org/W1935571046","https://openalex.org/W1964435302","https://openalex.org/W1989447608","https://openalex.org/W1998598404","https://openalex.org/W2043685036","https://openalex.org/W2049635978","https://openalex.org/W2050066532","https://openalex.org/W2058320288","https://openalex.org/W2060926084","https://openalex.org/W2078021436","https://openalex.org/W2088168294","https://openalex.org/W2095807050","https://openalex.org/W2098923148","https://openalex.org/W2119146932","https://openalex.org/W2125435699","https://openalex.org/W2146579117","https://openalex.org/W2154102997","https://openalex.org/W2157823046","https://openalex.org/W2161374186","https://openalex.org/W2165010366","https://openalex.org/W2172119905","https://openalex.org/W2315934671","https://openalex.org/W2318649941","https://openalex.org/W2337591610","https://openalex.org/W2563411735","https://openalex.org/W2611013368","https://openalex.org/W2750593223","https://openalex.org/W2803352346","https://openalex.org/W2901197092","https://openalex.org/W2901282399","https://openalex.org/W2906990042","https://openalex.org/W2921331665","https://openalex.org/W3001118548","https://openalex.org/W3003217347","https://openalex.org/W3007940623","https://openalex.org/W3010054012","https://openalex.org/W3013463737","https://openalex.org/W3015613878","https://openalex.org/W3015705209","https://openalex.org/W3016771699","https://openalex.org/W3016929234","https://openalex.org/W3028020426","https://openalex.org/W3032742287","https://openalex.org/W3032859583","https://openalex.org/W3036702959","https://openalex.org/W3041319886","https://openalex.org/W3041960835","https://openalex.org/W3045004737","https://openalex.org/W3080378037","https://openalex.org/W3091854037","https://openalex.org/W3094090510","https://openalex.org/W3111949621","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3157670311","https://openalex.org/W4220735045","https://openalex.org/W4417297188"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3105833116","https://openalex.org/W3139156294","https://openalex.org/W3049353629","https://openalex.org/W3105615669","https://openalex.org/W4394767570","https://openalex.org/W3183732513","https://openalex.org/W7009391007","https://openalex.org/W3187722344","https://openalex.org/W3111065874","https://openalex.org/W4290802330"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Introduction":[1],"The":[2,165],"COVID-19":[3,25,63],"pandemic":[4],"has":[5,126],"resulted":[6],"in":[7,11,58,60,124,155,265,287],"a":[8,240,288],"global":[9],"crisis":[10],"public":[12],"health,":[13],"however,":[14],"there":[15],"are":[16],"still":[17],"no":[18],"safe":[19],"and":[20,43,54,74,95,116,178,192,217,228,244,261,283],"effective":[21],"drugs":[22,48,146,256],"to":[23,33,39,70,99,189],"resist":[24],"until":[26],"now.":[27],"We":[28],"will":[29,84,197,220,231,249,271,284],"use":[30],"network":[31],"meta-analysis":[32],"analysis":[34],"available":[35],"evidence":[36,77,87],"from":[37,274],"RCTs":[38],"compare":[40],"the":[41,65,72,109,134,158,182,199,204,207,251],"safety":[42],"efficacy":[44,80,252],"of":[45,67,76,106,136,143,172,206,210,253],"four":[46,144,254],"antiviral":[47,145,255],"(including":[49],"Ribavirin,":[50],"Arbidol,":[51,148,258],"Chloroquine":[52,149,259],"Phosphate":[53,260],"Interferon)":[55,151,262],"alone":[56,153],"or":[57,154,238],"combination,":[59],"patients":[61],"with":[62,157],"on":[64],"basis":[66],"standard":[68],"treatment,":[69],"reveal":[71],"robustness":[73],"strength":[75],"for":[78,88,122,263],"relative":[79],"against":[81],"COVID-19,":[82],"which":[83],"provide":[85],"better":[86],"future":[89],"clinical":[90],"decision-making.":[91],"Methods":[92],"Using":[93],"English":[94],"Chinese":[96],"search":[97,100,121],"strategies":[98],"8":[101],"databases":[102],"including":[103],"PubMed,":[104],"Web":[105],"Science,":[107],"Embase,":[108],"Cochrane":[110],"Library,":[111],"CNKI,":[112],"CBM,":[113],"WANFANG":[114],"Database":[115],"VIP.":[117],"In":[118],"addition,":[119],"manual":[120],"references":[123],"publications":[125],"been":[127],"supplemented":[128],"by":[129,225,239],"electronic":[130],"search.":[131],"To":[132,202],"enhance":[133],"effectiveness":[135],"this":[137,211],"study,":[138,212],"only":[139],"randomized":[140],"controlled":[141],"trials":[142],"(Ribavirin,":[147,257],"Phosphate,":[150],"used":[152],"combination":[156],"primary":[159,183],"therapy":[160],"shall":[161,180],"be":[162,181,198,221,232,272,285],"included.":[163],"Analysis":[164],"nucleic":[166],"acid":[167],"turning":[168],"negative,":[169],"complete":[170],"absorption":[171],"lung":[173],"inflammation,":[174],"adverse":[175],"reactions,":[176],"aggravation":[177],"death":[179],"outcome":[184],"measures;":[185],"whereas":[186],"temperature":[187],"return":[188],"normal,":[190],"hospitalization,":[191],"positive":[193],"rate":[194],"after":[195],"discharge":[196],"secondary":[200],"outcomes.":[201],"ensure":[203],"quality":[205,218],"systematic":[208,247],"evaluation":[209,219],"study":[213],"screening,":[214],"data":[215,270],"extraction":[216],"carried":[222],"out":[223],"independently":[224],"two":[226],"reviewers,":[227],"any":[229],"differences":[230],"resolved":[233],"through":[234],"consultation":[235],"between":[236],"them":[237],"third":[241],"reviewer.":[242],"Ethics":[243],"dissemination":[245],"This":[246],"review":[248],"evaluate":[250],"Covid-19":[264],"adults.":[266],"Since":[267],"all":[268],"included":[269],"obtained":[273],"published":[275,286],"articles,":[276],"it":[277],"does":[278],"not":[279],"require":[280],"ethical":[281],"approval":[282],"peer-reviewed":[289],"journal.":[290],"PROSPERO":[291],"registration":[292],"number":[293],"CRD42022300104.":[294]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2022-04-15T00:00:00"}
