{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221007114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1","title":"An experimental study in Real-time Facial Emotion Recognition on 3RL dataset","display_name":"An experimental study in Real-time Facial Emotion Recognition on 3RL dataset","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221007114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1439248/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1439248/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024736295","display_name":"Rahmeh Abou Zafra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-1644","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-1644"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801484940","display_name":"Arab International University","ror":"https://ror.org/05skgxb48","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rahmeh Abou Zafra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arab International University","Arab International University Khloud Al Jallad Arab International University","Arab International University Rouaa Alaraj Arab International University Rasha Albezreh Arab International University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-1644","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University Khloud Al Jallad Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University Rouaa Alaraj Arab International University Rasha Albezreh Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028281667","display_name":"Lana Ahmad Abdullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0747-5469","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0747-5469"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801484940","display_name":"Arab International University","ror":"https://ror.org/05skgxb48","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lana Ahmad Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arab International University","Arab International University Khloud Al Jallad Arab International University","Arab International University Rouaa Alaraj Arab International University Rasha Albezreh Arab International University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University Khloud Al Jallad Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University Rouaa Alaraj Arab International University Rasha Albezreh Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032155622","display_name":"Rouaa Alaraj","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801484940","display_name":"Arab International University","ror":"https://ror.org/05skgxb48","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rouaa Alaaraj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arab International University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066784141","display_name":"Rasha Albezreh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9415-0090","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9415-0090"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801484940","display_name":"Arab International University","ror":"https://ror.org/05skgxb48","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rasha Albezreh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arab International University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050715346","display_name":"Tarek Barhoum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9132-6940","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9132-6940"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801484940","display_name":"Arab International University","ror":"https://ror.org/05skgxb48","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tarek Barhoum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arab International University","Arab International University Khloud Al Jallad Arab International University","Arab International University Rouaa Alaraj Arab International University Rasha Albezreh Arab International University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University Khloud Al Jallad Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University Rouaa Alaraj Arab International University Rasha Albezreh Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088312471","display_name":"Khloud Al Jallad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9474-9204","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9474-9204"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801484940","display_name":"Arab International University","ror":"https://ror.org/05skgxb48","country_code":"SY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}],"countries":["SY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khloud Al Jallad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arab International University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9474-9204","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab International University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024736295","https://openalex.org/A5028281667"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801484940"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-emotion-recognition","display_name":"facial emotion recognition","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-emotion-recognition","display_name":"real-time emotion recognition","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-datasets","display_name":"emotion datasets","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basic-emotions","display_name":"basic emotions","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/happiness","display_name":"happiness","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fear","display_name":"fear","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sadness","display_name":"sadness","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disgust","display_name":"disgust","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anger","display_name":"anger","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fer-2013","display_name":"FER2013","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ck-dataset","display_name":"CK+ dataset","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-networks","display_name":"convolutional neural networks","score":0.9850000143051147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.6346666812896729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5150437355041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4808967113494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4227561950683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4140746593475342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41203147172927856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.39213064312934875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3775319457054138}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1439248/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1439248/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1439248/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313976","display_name":"Arab International University","ror":"https://ror.org/05skgxb48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221007114.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221007114.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2098368939","https://openalex.org/W2261098919","https://openalex.org/W2329431259","https://openalex.org/W2576702631","https://openalex.org/W2736469521","https://openalex.org/W2753437677","https://openalex.org/W2767405849","https://openalex.org/W2911366667","https://openalex.org/W2916976239","https://openalex.org/W2940983946","https://openalex.org/W2996904313","https://openalex.org/W3004933170","https://openalex.org/W3089644214","https://openalex.org/W4293179182","https://openalex.org/W6732602522"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4367056016","https://openalex.org/W7155399110","https://openalex.org/W2956883224","https://openalex.org/W4405846837","https://openalex.org/W4399486830","https://openalex.org/W7165389872","https://openalex.org/W4414516837","https://openalex.org/W2560026539","https://openalex.org/W7128515591","https://openalex.org/W2343258859"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Although":[1],"real-time":[2],"facial":[3],"emotion":[4],"recognition":[5],"is":[6,74],"a":[7,118],"hot":[8],"topic":[9],"research":[10],"domain":[11],"in":[12,38,109],"the":[13,104],"field":[14],"of":[15,36,121,131],"human-computer":[16],"interaction,":[17],"state-of-the-art":[18,95],"available":[19,69],"datasets":[20,70,96],"still":[21],"suffer":[22],"from":[23,148],"various":[24],"problems":[25],"such":[26],"as":[27],"some":[28,42],"unrelated":[29],"photos":[30,37],"like":[31],"document":[32],"photos,":[33],"unbalanced":[34],"number":[35],"each":[39],"class,":[40],"and":[41,61,84,113],"misleading":[43],"images":[44,60],"that":[45],"can":[46],"affect":[47],"negatively":[48],"on":[49,123,135,142],"correct":[50],"classification.":[51],"3RL":[52,72,89,124,136],"dataset":[53,73,90,137],"was":[54],"created":[55],"which":[56],"contains":[57],"about":[58],"24K":[59],"will":[62],"be":[63],"publically":[64],"available,":[65],"to":[66,133,150],"overcome":[67],"previously":[68],"problems.":[71],"labelled":[75],"with":[76,91],"five":[77],"basic":[78],"emotions:":[79],"happiness,":[80],"fear,":[81],"sadness,":[82],"disgust,":[83],"anger.":[85],"Moreover,":[86],"we":[87,101],"compared":[88],"other":[92],"most":[93,105],"famous":[94],"(FER":[97],"dataset,":[98],"CK+":[99,144],"dataset),":[100],"have":[102,116,127],"applied":[103],"common":[106],"used":[107],"algorithms":[108],"previous":[110],"works,":[111],"SVM":[112],"CNN.":[114],"Results":[115],"shown":[117,128],"noticeable":[119],"improvement":[120],"generalization":[122],"dataset.":[125],"Experiments":[126],"an":[129],"accuracy":[130],"up":[132],"91.4%":[134],"using":[138],"CNN":[139],"where":[140],"results":[141],"FER2013,":[143],"are":[145],"respectively":[146],"(approximately":[147],"60%":[149],"85%).":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2022-04-03T00:00:00"}
