{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220901302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","title":"Protection of the rights of the individual when using facial recognition technology","display_name":"Protection of the rights of the individual when using facial recognition technology","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220901302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35309394","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8927940"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844022003747/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844022003747/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003128030","display_name":"Jawahitha Sarabdeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5950-0021","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5950-0021"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jawahitha Sarabdeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Law, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Law, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003128030"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1950},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1950},"fwci":32.4312,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99592323,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"e09086","last_page":"e09086"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-technology","display_name":"facial recognition technology","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometric-data","display_name":"biometric data","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-to-privacy","display_name":"right to privacy","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individual-rights","display_name":"individual rights","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-protection-law","display_name":"data protection law","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consent","display_name":"consent","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-surveillance","display_name":"government surveillance","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-law","display_name":"criminal law","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-law","display_name":"civil law","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-law-countries","display_name":"common law countries","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-regulation","display_name":"technology regulation","score":0.6000000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4356961250305176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3467864394187927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.34639275074005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3275708258152008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31418657302856445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30595263838768005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2370011806488037}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844022003747/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8927940","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8927940","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:35309394","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35309394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5b6db136ddc84876afdeabcd1c323483","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5b6db136ddc84876afdeabcd1c323483","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon, Vol 8, Iss 3, Pp e09086- (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09086","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844022003747/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327702","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220901302.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W16461199","https://openalex.org/W72496981","https://openalex.org/W1488478996","https://openalex.org/W1526849534","https://openalex.org/W1528664920","https://openalex.org/W1576866346","https://openalex.org/W1968416823","https://openalex.org/W1978642336","https://openalex.org/W1988575427","https://openalex.org/W1989702938","https://openalex.org/W1997598609","https://openalex.org/W2014699457","https://openalex.org/W2030639903","https://openalex.org/W2083570574","https://openalex.org/W2084652052","https://openalex.org/W2089459821","https://openalex.org/W2089911365","https://openalex.org/W2091874574","https://openalex.org/W2101615615","https://openalex.org/W2160886135","https://openalex.org/W2251951253","https://openalex.org/W2276191083","https://openalex.org/W2462238225","https://openalex.org/W2494605628","https://openalex.org/W2509046702","https://openalex.org/W2517824892","https://openalex.org/W2804660015","https://openalex.org/W2912127517","https://openalex.org/W2922330169","https://openalex.org/W2950647762","https://openalex.org/W2964532074","https://openalex.org/W3122871960","https://openalex.org/W3123079125","https://openalex.org/W3125766168","https://openalex.org/W3212635437","https://openalex.org/W4226036648","https://openalex.org/W4234199830","https://openalex.org/W4249524744","https://openalex.org/W4249613368","https://openalex.org/W6629174901","https://openalex.org/W6983034003"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7166527897","https://openalex.org/W4395086320","https://openalex.org/W4320512208","https://openalex.org/W4414414334","https://openalex.org/W4404846048","https://openalex.org/W7214074044","https://openalex.org/W4400303997","https://openalex.org/W7151527835","https://openalex.org/W3185858601","https://openalex.org/W241310275"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,64,141,174],"Facial":[1],"Recognition":[2],"Technology":[3],"(FRT)":[4],"is":[5,185],"used":[6],"to":[7,88,124,150,193],"match":[8],"a":[9,12,16,49],"photo":[10],"of":[11,25,66,79,86,98,111,115,146,154,176,182,197],"person's":[13],"face":[14],"through":[15],"database":[17],"that":[18,27,180],"contains":[19],"picture,":[20],"name,":[21],"and":[22,42,45,51,71,121,131,161,201],"other":[23,39],"records":[24],"someone":[26],"are":[28,94,191],"already":[29],"in":[30,84,136,169],"the":[31,82,91,105,147,152,158,162,166,177,188,195],"database.":[32],"This":[33],"technology":[34,83],"uses":[35],"biometric":[36],"data":[37,92,99,106],"with":[38,126],"available":[40],"information":[41,47],"provides":[43],"precise":[44],"accurate":[46],"about":[48],"person":[50],"his":[52],"behaviour.":[53],"FRT":[54,67,155,198],"has":[55],"positioned":[56],"itself":[57],"significantly":[58],"advanced":[59],"among":[60],"all":[61],"biometric-based":[62],"technologies.":[63],"use":[65,81,108,153,196],"by":[68,156,199],"government":[69,119,200],"agencies":[70,120],"commercial":[72,122,202],"organisation":[73],"comes":[74],"under":[75,133],"scrutiny":[76],"as":[77,187],"many":[78,137],"them":[80],"violation":[85],"right":[87],"privacy":[89,167],"where":[90],"subjects":[93],"either":[95],"not":[96,102],"informed":[97],"collection":[100],"or":[101,109],"consented":[103],"for":[104],"collection,":[107],"storage":[110],"their":[112],"data.":[113],"Privation":[114],"regulatory":[116],"measures":[117],"allows":[118],"organisations":[123],"operate":[125],"no":[127],"real":[128],"legal":[129],"restraint":[130],"only":[132],"limited":[134],"self-regulation":[135],"common":[138,171],"law":[139,149,160,164,172],"countries.":[140,173],"research":[142],"focuses":[143],"on":[144],"suitability":[145],"existing":[148,189],"regulate":[151,194],"analysing":[157],"criminal":[159],"civil":[163],"including":[165],"laws":[168,178,184,190],"few":[170],"analysis":[175],"shows":[179],"passing":[181],"appropriate":[183],"inevitable":[186],"inadequate":[192],"organisations.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2022-04-03T00:00:00"}
