{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4213036480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3719235","title":"Middle English Dictionary","display_name":"Middle English Dictionary","publication_year":1956,"publication_date":"1956-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4213036480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3719235"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/3719235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3719235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3719235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93676754","display_name":"The Modern Language Review","issn_l":"0026-7937","issn":["0026-7937","2222-4319"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321404","host_organization_name":"Modern Humanities Research Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321404"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Modern Humanities Research Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Modern Language Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082960333","display_name":"Randolph Quirk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randolph Quirk","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009607805","display_name":"Hans Kurath","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans Kurath","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026313343","display_name":"Sherman M. Kuhn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sherman M. Kuhn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5754877,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"4","first_page":"578","last_page":"578"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12353","display_name":"Lexicography and Language Studies","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12353","display_name":"Lexicography and Language Studies","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":0.01119999960064888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12768","display_name":"Linguistics and language evolution","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-english","display_name":"Middle English","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexicography","display_name":"lexicography","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-vocabulary","display_name":"English vocabulary","score":0.43700000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-dictionaries","display_name":"historical dictionaries","score":0.40799999237060547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5170848369598389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169105985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36395","display_name":"Middle English","level":2,"score":0.4435368776321411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.41126465797424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.37078189849853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3508176803588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3265115022659302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.21854832768440247}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/3719235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3719235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3719235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93676754","display_name":"The Modern Language Review","issn_l":"0026-7937","issn":["0026-7937","2222-4319"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321404","host_organization_name":"Modern Humanities Research Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321404"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Modern Humanities Research Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Modern Language Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2313876238","https://openalex.org/W2084681036","https://openalex.org/W1969030760"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2022-02-24T00:00:00"}