{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4212976005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020416","title":"Azolla Compost as an Approach for Enhancing Growth, Productivity and Nutrient Uptake of Oryza sativa L.","display_name":"Azolla Compost as an Approach for Enhancing Growth, Productivity and Nutrient Uptake of Oryza sativa L.","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4212976005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy12020416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020416","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/2/416/pdf?version=1644558262","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/2/416/pdf?version=1644558262","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089226341","display_name":"Mahmoud Fathy Seleiman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-9414","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-9414"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63601056","display_name":"Menoufia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05sjrb944","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]}],"countries":["EG","SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud F. Seleiman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom 32514, Egypt","Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-9414","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom 32514, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63601056"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007875602","display_name":"Omnia M. Elshayb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5727-6986","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5727-6986"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165448","display_name":"Agricultural Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05hcacp57","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165448"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omnia M. Elshayb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha 33717, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha 33717, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165448"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114035886","display_name":"Abdelwahed M. Nada","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165448","display_name":"Agricultural Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05hcacp57","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165448"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelwahed M. Nada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha 33717, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha 33717, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165448"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033615188","display_name":"Sara A. El-leithy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8891-1121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8891-1121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165448","display_name":"Agricultural Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05hcacp57","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165448"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara A. El-leithy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha 33717, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha 33717, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165448"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000912709","display_name":"Lina Baz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4128-4196","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4128-4196"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lina Baz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4128-4196","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072644187","display_name":"Bushra Ahmed Alhammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0501-1628","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0501-1628"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142608572","display_name":"Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bushra A. Alhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biology Department, College of Science and Humanity Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 292, Riyadh 11942, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biology Department, College of Science and Humanity Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 292, Riyadh 11942, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008705630","display_name":"Ayman H. A. Mahdi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113643904","display_name":"Beni-Suef University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pn4yv70","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113643904"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayman H. A. Mahdi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113643904"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089226341"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161","https://openalex.org/I63601056"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2094},"fwci":4.5058,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95290077,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"2","first_page":"416","last_page":"416"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12754","display_name":"Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11275","display_name":"Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques","score":0.005200000014156103,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azolla-compost","display_name":"Azolla compost","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rice","display_name":"rice","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/npk-fertilizer","display_name":"NPK fertilizer","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-fertilizer","display_name":"organic fertilizer","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slow-release-nutrients","display_name":"slow-release nutrients","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-uptake","display_name":"nutrient uptake","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-yield","display_name":"grain yield","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yield-components","display_name":"yield components","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertilizer-substitution","display_name":"fertilizer substitution","score":0.6349999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781226114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128633","display_name":"Azolla","level":2,"score":0.9901219606399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780739461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212254","display_name":"Compost","level":2,"score":0.9575527906417847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.6485130786895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6445800065994263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778543611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161426","display_name":"Oryza sativa","level":3,"score":0.6257622241973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.6229372620582581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192039558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3595890","display_name":"Biofertilizer","level":2,"score":0.45198383927345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.34915533661842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3072100281715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.04613363742828369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy12020416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020416","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/2/416/pdf?version=1644558262","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d6fe3ee777574f1d9c8ac636c3a39d43","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d6fe3ee777574f1d9c8ac636c3a39d43","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy, Vol 12, Iss 2, p 416 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy12020416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020416","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/2/416/pdf?version=1644558262","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.991100013256073},{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.8799999952316284}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4212976005.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4212976005.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1772352564","https://openalex.org/W1980545136","https://openalex.org/W1987698895","https://openalex.org/W1988563190","https://openalex.org/W1990768879","https://openalex.org/W2003599718","https://openalex.org/W2049849729","https://openalex.org/W2060068050","https://openalex.org/W2062219462","https://openalex.org/W2062288070","https://openalex.org/W2077862479","https://openalex.org/W2081654951","https://openalex.org/W2092713296","https://openalex.org/W2095017532","https://openalex.org/W2103707099","https://openalex.org/W2109707488","https://openalex.org/W2146603947","https://openalex.org/W2162710852","https://openalex.org/W2183427425","https://openalex.org/W2265063295","https://openalex.org/W2290484909","https://openalex.org/W2611433205","https://openalex.org/W2769612074","https://openalex.org/W2771480468","https://openalex.org/W2793148742","https://openalex.org/W2801773435","https://openalex.org/W2802493431","https://openalex.org/W2883310173","https://openalex.org/W2913384420","https://openalex.org/W2945746943","https://openalex.org/W2972756541","https://openalex.org/W2981221143","https://openalex.org/W2983132171","https://openalex.org/W2996603661","https://openalex.org/W3017778768","https://openalex.org/W3022756115","https://openalex.org/W3102006992","https://openalex.org/W3110210668","https://openalex.org/W3115205656","https://openalex.org/W3120462700","https://openalex.org/W3136955814","https://openalex.org/W3171597504","https://openalex.org/W3187270698","https://openalex.org/W3189957215","https://openalex.org/W3197133204","https://openalex.org/W3200391007","https://openalex.org/W3213459433","https://openalex.org/W4205321230","https://openalex.org/W6769927052"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415347747","https://openalex.org/W2199792195","https://openalex.org/W3136776138","https://openalex.org/W4393236154","https://openalex.org/W2793148742","https://openalex.org/W2133563778","https://openalex.org/W2109707488","https://openalex.org/W2883310173","https://openalex.org/W1770315212","https://openalex.org/W7171791172"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,117],"excessive":[1],"application":[2,151,202],"of":[3,25,34,40,59,123,152,183,194,206,222],"synthetic":[4,45,60,207],"fertilizers":[5,46,61,208],"can":[6,18,203],"result":[7],"in":[8,114,138,216],"severe":[9],"environmental":[10],"risks,":[11],"while":[12],"composting":[13],"green":[14],"and":[15,37,43,51,72,100,111,143,172,175,219],"fresh":[16],"feedstocks":[17],"provide":[19],"slow-release":[20],"nutrients.":[21],"Therefore,":[22],"the":[23,26,32,121,139,144,150,179,192,217],"aim":[24],"current":[27],"investigation":[28],"was":[29],"to":[30,211],"study":[31,189],"effects":[33],"eight":[35],"individual":[36,199],"combination":[38,122,201],"treatments":[39],"azolla":[41,82,92,98,105,128,135,157,195],"compost":[42,83,99,129,136,158,196],"NPK":[44,54,89,95,102,125,132,154,184],"(control":[47],"=":[48,55],"no":[49],"fertilizer":[50,185],"compost;":[52,93],"100%":[53,81],"full":[56,180],"recommended":[57,181],"dose":[58,182],"as":[62,167,169,197],"follows:":[63],"165":[64],"kg":[65,69,74],"N":[66],"ha\u22121,":[67],"37":[68],"P2O5":[70],"ha\u22121":[71],"50":[73],"K2O":[75],"ha\u22121;":[76],"70%":[77,94],"NPK;":[78,80],"40%":[79,101,124,153],"(5":[84],"t":[85,165],"DM":[86],"ha\u22121);":[87],"50%":[88,91,131,134],"+":[90,96,103,126,133,155],"30%":[97],"60%":[104,127,156,212],"compost)":[106],"on":[107],"rice":[108,161],"growth,":[109],"productivity":[110,221],"nutrient":[112],"uptake":[113,176],"semi-arid":[115],"agro-ecosystems.":[116],"results":[118],"indicated":[119],"that":[120,191],"or":[130,200],"resulted":[137],"most":[140],"optimal":[141],"growth":[142,218],"highest":[145],"yield":[146],"components.":[147],"In":[148],"addition,":[149],"exhibited":[159],"similar":[160],"grain":[162,220],"yields":[163],"(10.76":[164],"ha\u22121)":[166],"well":[168],"N,":[170],"P,":[171],"K":[173],"content":[174],"compared":[177],"with":[178],"(100%":[186],"NPK).":[187],"This":[188],"declared":[190],"utilization":[193],"an":[198],"reduce":[204],"usage":[205],"by":[209],"up":[210],"without":[213],"significant":[214],"reduction":[215],"rice.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2022-02-24T00:00:00"}