{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4211239121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471028959.sof143","title":"Visual Programming","display_name":"Visual Programming","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4211239121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471028959.sof143"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/0471028959.sof143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471028959.sof143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471028959.sof143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464293","display_name":"Wiley eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Encyclopedia of Software Engineering","raw_type":"other"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1530366124","display_name":"Encyclopedia of Software Engineering"},"type":"reference-entry","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053084752","display_name":"Filomena Ferrucci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-8972","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-8972"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filomena Ferrucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Salerno"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Salerno","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074856207","display_name":"Genoveffa Tortora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4765-8371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4765-8371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Genoveffa Tortora","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Salerno"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Salerno","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062389131","display_name":"Giuliana Vitiello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7130-996X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7130-996X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131729948","display_name":"University of Salerno","ror":"https://ror.org/0192m2k53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuliana Vitiello","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Salerno"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Salerno","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131729948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.7954000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.7954000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.06430000066757202,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13197","display_name":"Spreadsheets and End-User Computing","score":0.04129999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-programming","display_name":"visual programming","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-programming-languages","display_name":"graphical programming languages","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-language","display_name":"visual language","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-computer-interaction","display_name":"human-computer interaction","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-communication","display_name":"multimodal communication","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface-design","display_name":"graphical user interface design","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-manipulation","display_name":"database manipulation","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-comprehension","display_name":"program comprehension","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-composition","display_name":"program composition","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-basic","display_name":"Visual Basic","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microsoft-visual-c","display_name":"Visual C++","score":0.7590000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7924102544784546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128644962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q683111","display_name":"Visual programming language","level":2,"score":0.673441469669342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5600825548171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77362995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135914","display_name":"Event-driven programming","level":5,"score":0.5537991523742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5439844131469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.5217405557632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.44148463010787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780878386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1659648","display_name":"Visual language","level":2,"score":0.4411594569683075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37789001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782543","display_name":"Graphical user interface","level":2,"score":0.42714351415634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120558287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418502","display_name":"Procedural programming","level":4,"score":0.3147587478160858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50033165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15712089","display_name":"Inductive programming","level":3,"score":0.24304822087287903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.1472521722316742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/0471028959.sof143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471028959.sof143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471028959.sof143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464293","display_name":"Wiley eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Encyclopedia of Software Engineering","raw_type":"other"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":118,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19276320","https://openalex.org/W93423762","https://openalex.org/W112398292","https://openalex.org/W637926427","https://openalex.org/W1483674998","https://openalex.org/W1492324553","https://openalex.org/W1505870814","https://openalex.org/W1532103063","https://openalex.org/W1543620635","https://openalex.org/W1587166076","https://openalex.org/W1590719049","https://openalex.org/W1659268331","https://openalex.org/W1872186888","https://openalex.org/W1903058393","https://openalex.org/W1925939839","https://openalex.org/W1953324153","https://openalex.org/W1953996542","https://openalex.org/W1955672205","https://openalex.org/W1967879073","https://openalex.org/W1969440795","https://openalex.org/W1972394000","https://openalex.org/W1975376848","https://openalex.org/W1976499996","https://openalex.org/W1976624123","https://openalex.org/W1979498851","https://openalex.org/W1981001274","https://openalex.org/W1985167902","https://openalex.org/W1987429368","https://openalex.org/W1990100773","https://openalex.org/W1996429813","https://openalex.org/W1999196543","https://openalex.org/W2006112237","https://openalex.org/W2006722130","https://openalex.org/W2011527219","https://openalex.org/W2011869971","https://openalex.org/W2013403666","https://openalex.org/W2013851688","https://openalex.org/W2017507914","https://openalex.org/W2017943607","https://openalex.org/W2018683166","https://openalex.org/W2021424490","https://openalex.org/W2026549229","https://openalex.org/W2026793883","https://openalex.org/W2027536911","https://openalex.org/W2029923251","https://openalex.org/W2032133388","https://openalex.org/W2043557231","https://openalex.org/W2045424777","https://openalex.org/W2047528756","https://openalex.org/W2050820904","https://openalex.org/W2052803392","https://openalex.org/W2054756097","https://openalex.org/W2059126241","https://openalex.org/W2059356072","https://openalex.org/W2059425605","https://openalex.org/W2061898832","https://openalex.org/W2064189581","https://openalex.org/W2064650227","https://openalex.org/W2069424985","https://openalex.org/W2070009151","https://openalex.org/W2070078883","https://openalex.org/W2070283560","https://openalex.org/W2074465174","https://openalex.org/W2078231892","https://openalex.org/W2082673250","https://openalex.org/W2086870587","https://openalex.org/W2088008172","https://openalex.org/W2090639318","https://openalex.org/W2092187831","https://openalex.org/W2094853090","https://openalex.org/W2096443247","https://openalex.org/W2097894253","https://openalex.org/W2099529102","https://openalex.org/W2100792958","https://openalex.org/W2103219113","https://openalex.org/W2103371831","https://openalex.org/W2103943904","https://openalex.org/W2104140106","https://openalex.org/W2104674273","https://openalex.org/W2107575183","https://openalex.org/W2109306987","https://openalex.org/W2111606934","https://openalex.org/W2114877339","https://openalex.org/W2118296440","https://openalex.org/W2120509585","https://openalex.org/W2121630686","https://openalex.org/W2122734140","https://openalex.org/W2123833399","https://openalex.org/W2130251307","https://openalex.org/W2132233302","https://openalex.org/W2132293603","https://openalex.org/W2133130446","https://openalex.org/W2133633001","https://openalex.org/W2133976346","https://openalex.org/W2134355967","https://openalex.org/W2140649312","https://openalex.org/W2143267990","https://openalex.org/W2146707941","https://openalex.org/W2151957545","https://openalex.org/W2153025775","https://openalex.org/W2154582308","https://openalex.org/W2156629299","https://openalex.org/W2157242358","https://openalex.org/W2157453288","https://openalex.org/W2157879475","https://openalex.org/W2158140228","https://openalex.org/W2165493204","https://openalex.org/W2169636463","https://openalex.org/W2169828002","https://openalex.org/W2169977585","https://openalex.org/W2170616092","https://openalex.org/W2171111102","https://openalex.org/W2174953658","https://openalex.org/W2257252843","https://openalex.org/W2339695106","https://openalex.org/W2462386251","https://openalex.org/W2499127132","https://openalex.org/W4205275131"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1897549845","https://openalex.org/W80499024","https://openalex.org/W2251421439","https://openalex.org/W3200472282","https://openalex.org/W1970207031","https://openalex.org/W2486231559","https://openalex.org/W2138752215","https://openalex.org/W2168919542","https://openalex.org/W7028987066","https://openalex.org/W1978541453"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"widely":[2],"recognized":[3],"value":[4],"of":[5,23,33,46,52,74,86,95,116,121,140,211,216,232],"icons,":[6],"diagrams,":[7],"and":[8,15,19,26,54,59,65,69,133,221],"other":[9],"graphical":[10,122,199],"notations":[11],"in":[12,72,102,130,208],"human\u2013computer":[13,107],"interaction":[14,66],"human\u2013human":[16],"(interhuman)":[17],"communication,":[18],"the":[20,31,75,84,93,114,155,163,206,209,212,217,230],"decreasing":[21],"cost":[22],"hardware":[24],"technologies":[25],"graphics":[27,97],"software":[28],"have":[29,144],"caused":[30],"development":[32],"a":[34,43,99,137,150,169,198],"novel":[35],"approach":[36],"termedvisual":[37],"programmingorgraphical":[38],"programming.":[39],"Visual":[40,181],"programming":[41,142,188,194],"covers":[42],"wide":[44],"variety":[45],"activities":[47,110],"that":[48,105,111,177,234],"make":[49],"extensive":[50],"use":[51,115],"icons":[53],"diagrams":[55],"to":[56,60,92,152,167,204],"convey":[57],"information":[58],"allow":[61,149],"for":[62],"multimodal":[63],"communication":[64,100],"between":[67],"humans":[68],"computers.":[70],"Indeed,":[71,190],"spite":[73],"terminology":[76],"adopted,":[77],"\u201cvisual":[78,170],"programming\u201d":[79],"does":[80],"not":[81,185],"denote":[82],"merely":[83],"specification":[85],"visual":[87,117,141,160,187],"programs":[88],"but":[89],"rather":[90],"refers":[91],"ability":[94],"using":[96],"as":[98,166],"means":[101],"any":[103],"activity":[104],"involves":[106],"interaction.":[108],"Typical":[109],"benefit":[112],"from":[113],"languages":[118,143,148,183,195,220],"are":[119,184,192,225],"generation":[120],"user":[123,151,200,213],"interfaces,":[124],"database":[125],"manipulation,":[126],"supporting":[127],"novice":[128],"users":[129],"program":[131,134],"comprehension,":[132],"composition.":[135],"Thus,":[136],"huge":[138],"amount":[139],"been":[145],"introduced.":[146],"Such":[147],"communicate":[153],"with":[154,197],"system":[156],"by":[157],"spatially":[158],"arranging":[159],"objects":[161],"on":[162],"screen,":[164],"so":[165],"compose":[168],"sentence.\u201d":[171],"It":[172],"is":[173,229],"worth":[174],"pointing":[175],"out":[176],"despite":[178],"their":[179],"names,":[180],"Microsoft":[182],"actually":[186],"languages.":[189],"they":[191],"textual":[193],"enhanced":[196],"interface":[201,214],"builder":[202],"meant":[203],"support":[205],"programmer":[207],"construction":[210],"portion":[215],"program.":[218],"These":[219],"there":[222],"formal":[223],"specifications":[224],"discussed.":[226],"Also":[227],"discussed":[228],"implementation":[231],"systems":[233],"generate":[235],"these":[236],"measurements.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2022-02-13T00:00:00"}