{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210915744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0084530","title":"Droplet impact dynamics onto a deep liquid pool of wavy free surface","display_name":"Droplet impact dynamics onto a deep liquid pool of wavy free surface","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210915744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0084530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/5.0084530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0084530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0084530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22862804","display_name":"Physics of Fluids","issn_l":"1070-6631","issn":["1070-6631","1089-7666","1527-2435"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics of Fluids","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101741045","display_name":"Abhishek Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9532-9436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9532-9436"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9579091","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Mandi","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9r2f34","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhishek Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Kamand, 175075 Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Kamand, 175075 Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061839433","display_name":"Parmod Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3252-8128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3252-8128"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9579091","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Mandi","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9r2f34","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Parmod Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Kamand, 175075 Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3252-8128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Kamand, 175075 Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061839433"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2966,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88372894,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11382","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11382","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12141","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12776","display_name":"Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/droplet-impact","display_name":"droplet impact","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/worthington-jet","display_name":"Worthington jet","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-droplets","display_name":"secondary droplets","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wave-number-effects","display_name":"wave number effects","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/droplet-coalescence","display_name":"droplet coalescence","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-bubble-entrainment","display_name":"air bubble entrainment","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cavity-collapse","display_name":"cavity collapse","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axisymmetric-waves","display_name":"axisymmetric waves","score":0.7590000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.7714250087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171889981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454008","display_name":"Free surface","level":2,"score":0.7415833473205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6551539897918701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159275676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947531","display_name":"Weber number","level":4,"score":0.6201079487800598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781345722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5308388","display_name":"Drop (telecommunication)","level":2,"score":0.6027703285217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7982388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15143885","display_name":"Capillary wave","level":3,"score":0.58992999792099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780483431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17009511","display_name":"Drop impact","level":3,"score":0.5556598901748657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33026886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593950","display_name":"Rotational symmetry","level":2,"score":0.5514687299728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206835866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273090","display_name":"Froude number","level":3,"score":0.5346735119819641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110407247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122508","display_name":"Inertia","level":2,"score":0.5021367073059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207821765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405372","display_name":"Instability","level":2,"score":0.46876734495162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119947313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5596635","display_name":"Jet (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.4416045844554901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149792144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2071902","display_name":"Coalescence (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41353753209114075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780644530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656906","display_name":"Splash","level":2,"score":0.35961097478866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84174578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889796","display_name":"Surface wave","level":2,"score":0.314687579870224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.28743642568588257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26827162504196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.1879042088985443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.15033578872680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182748727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178932","display_name":"Reynolds number","level":3,"score":0.14877614378929138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.09820064902305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/5.0084530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0084530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0084530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S22862804","display_name":"Physics of Fluids","issn_l":"1070-6631","issn":["1070-6631","1089-7666","1527-2435"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics of Fluids","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W305336286","https://openalex.org/W1432903441","https://openalex.org/W1974491492","https://openalex.org/W1983912310","https://openalex.org/W1984513451","https://openalex.org/W1985267923","https://openalex.org/W1988111152","https://openalex.org/W2015267292","https://openalex.org/W2034108257","https://openalex.org/W2037499619","https://openalex.org/W2040854751","https://openalex.org/W2055980212","https://openalex.org/W2058336818","https://openalex.org/W2059247169","https://openalex.org/W2069905198","https://openalex.org/W2080922987","https://openalex.org/W2119845238","https://openalex.org/W2149629222","https://openalex.org/W2150050563","https://openalex.org/W2152947456","https://openalex.org/W2168934343","https://openalex.org/W2174071927","https://openalex.org/W2417570650","https://openalex.org/W2467807454","https://openalex.org/W2514045561","https://openalex.org/W2596791181","https://openalex.org/W2745915657","https://openalex.org/W2763784978","https://openalex.org/W2767387979","https://openalex.org/W2805005027","https://openalex.org/W2808425202","https://openalex.org/W2884273826","https://openalex.org/W2999110075","https://openalex.org/W3006528592","https://openalex.org/W3131266616","https://openalex.org/W3170878318","https://openalex.org/W4298195645"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2999110075","https://openalex.org/W4285392829","https://openalex.org/W2804600788","https://openalex.org/W1990873235","https://openalex.org/W2588799926","https://openalex.org/W4410988651","https://openalex.org/W3099722492","https://openalex.org/W2000809512","https://openalex.org/W2735062185","https://openalex.org/W3131266616"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,48,117],"impact":[1,68,79,216,233,241],"of":[2,9,24,39,54,75,100,112,119,139,145,163,191,209,221],"a":[3,6,12,17,25,29,81,167,210,218,235],"droplet":[4,42,108,195,215],"on":[5,80,122,197,217,234],"deep":[7,18,82],"pool":[8,57,84],"water":[10,77],"with":[11,28,97,172,180],"flat-free":[13],"surface":[14,53,92],"results":[15],"in":[16,50,186,244],"cavity":[19,225],"followed":[20],"by":[21],"the":[22,33,40,51,55,59,62,73,76,90,98,107,110,123,137,143,158,161,189,198,201,205,214,240,246],"emergence":[23],"thick":[26,140,169],"jet":[27,63,170,229],"secondary":[30,102,176],"drop":[31,67,78,159],"when":[32,106,194,239],"Froude":[34],"number":[35,38,121],"and":[36,45,61,227],"Weber":[37],"impacting":[41],"are":[43,104],"220":[44],"252,":[46],"respectively.":[47],"disturbances":[49],"free":[52,91],"liquid":[56,83],"modify":[58],"crater":[60],"dynamics":[64,202],"under":[65],"identical":[66],"conditions.":[69],"Here,":[70],"we":[71],"present":[72],"simulations":[74],"having":[85],"various":[86],"wavy":[87,115,124],"profiles":[88],"mimicking":[89],"ripples.":[93],"Long":[94],"slender":[95,147],"jets":[96,148],"formation":[99],"multiple":[101],"droplets":[103],"observed":[105],"impacts":[109,160],"trough":[111],"an":[113,164,232],"axisymmetric":[114,165],"surface.":[116],"influence":[118],"wave":[120,131,212,238],"profile":[125],"becomes":[126],"more":[127],"pronounced":[128],"at":[129],"large":[130],"amplitudes.":[132],"While":[133],"capillary-inertia":[134],"instability":[135],"governs":[136],"pinch-off":[138,144],"Worthington":[141],"jets,":[142],"these":[146],"is":[149],"found":[150],"to":[151],"be":[152],"mainly":[153],"inertia":[154],"driven.":[155],"However,":[156],"if":[157],"crest":[162],"wave,":[166],"short":[168],"forms":[171],"one":[173],"or":[174],"two":[175,247],"droplets.":[177],"Axisymmetric":[178],"waves":[179],"radially":[181],"outward":[182],"moving":[183],"interface,":[184],"as":[185,207],"ripples,":[187],"showed":[188],"occurrence":[190],"complete":[192],"coalescence":[193],"impacted":[196],"crest;":[199],"but":[200],"remain":[203],"mostly":[204],"same":[206],"that":[208],"stationary":[211],"for":[213,231],"trough.":[219],"Entrainment":[220],"air":[222],"bubbles":[223],"after":[224],"collapse":[226],"bent":[228],"occurred":[230],"sinusoidal":[236],"planar":[237],"location":[242],"was":[243],"between":[245],"consecutive":[248],"extremes.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2022-02-09T00:00:00"}
