{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210568232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/63389","title":"Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro","display_name":"Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210568232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/63389","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35156664"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3791/63389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/63389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3791/63389","pdf_url":"https://www.jove.com/pdf/63389/human-liver-microphysiological-system-for-assessing-drug-induced","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199738284","display_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","issn_l":"1940-087X","issn":["1940-087X","2834-8400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320416","host_organization_name":"MyJOVE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320416"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["MyJOVE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.jove.com/pdf/63389/human-liver-microphysiological-system-for-assessing-drug-induced","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ovidiu Novac","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128429","display_name":"CN Bio Innovations (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gy09487","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ovidiu Novac","raw_affiliation_strings":["CN Bio Innovations Ltd; ovidiu.novac@cn-bio.com","CN Bio Innovations Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CN Bio Innovations Ltd; ovidiu.novac@cn-bio.com","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CN Bio Innovations Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048214432","display_name":"Raul Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5904-7869","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5904-7869"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128429","display_name":"CN Bio Innovations (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gy09487","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raul Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["CN Bio Innovations Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CN Bio Innovations Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051296306","display_name":"Lucy-May Young","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-1514","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-1514"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128429","display_name":"CN Bio Innovations (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gy09487","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucy-May Young","raw_affiliation_strings":["CN Bio Innovations Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CN Bio Innovations Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000128271","display_name":"Kim Lachani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128429","display_name":"CN Bio Innovations (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gy09487","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim Lachani","raw_affiliation_strings":["CN Bio Innovations Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CN Bio Innovations Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David Hughes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128429","display_name":"CN Bio Innovations (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gy09487","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Hughes","raw_affiliation_strings":["CN Bio Innovations Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CN Bio Innovations Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074477230","display_name":"Tomasz M. Kostrzewski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6309-628X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6309-628X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128429","display_name":"CN Bio Innovations (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gy09487","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomasz Kostrzewski","raw_affiliation_strings":["CN Bio Innovations Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CN Bio Innovations Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128429"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8916,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83482043,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"179","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11465","display_name":"Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11465","display_name":"Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11190","display_name":"3D Printing in Biomedical Research","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12281","display_name":"Animal testing and alternatives","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-induced-liver-injury","display_name":"drug-induced liver injury","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatotoxicity","display_name":"hepatotoxicity","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-human-hepatocytes","display_name":"primary human hepatocytes","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kupffer-cells","display_name":"Kupffer cells","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-parenchymal-cells","display_name":"non-parenchymal cells","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perfusion-bioreactor","display_name":"perfusion bioreactor","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pioglitazone","display_name":"pioglitazone","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/troglitazone","display_name":"troglitazone","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alanine-aminotransferase","display_name":"alanine aminotransferase","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-function","display_name":"liver function","score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-toxicity-testing","display_name":"in vitro toxicity testing","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-subgroups","display_name":"patient subgroups","score":0.3230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-hepatitis","display_name":"viral hepatitis","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatic-steatosis","display_name":"hepatic steatosis","score":0.9950000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6612423658370972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.5984487533569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776637226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6658207","display_name":"Liver injury","level":2,"score":0.5738815069198608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.5271651148796082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.5188652276992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992208098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359801","display_name":"Liver function","level":2,"score":0.4732930064201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64903051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2198549","display_name":"Drug development","level":3,"score":0.45223894715309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778150266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7844989","display_name":"Troglitazone","level":4,"score":0.4244786202907562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.4111577272415161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3510977029800415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3052161931991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.21642804145812988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.16597992181777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187345961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419629","display_name":"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor","level":3,"score":0.12433421611785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000410","descriptor_name":"Alanine Transaminase","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007728","descriptor_name":"Kupffer Cells","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022781","descriptor_name":"Hepatocytes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056486","descriptor_name":"Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3791/63389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/63389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3791/63389","pdf_url":"https://www.jove.com/pdf/63389/human-liver-microphysiological-system-for-assessing-drug-induced","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199738284","display_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","issn_l":"1940-087X","issn":["1940-087X","2834-8400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320416","host_organization_name":"MyJOVE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320416"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["MyJOVE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.3791/63389-v","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/63389-v","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3791/63389-v","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199738284","display_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","issn_l":"1940-087X","issn":["1940-087X","2834-8400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320416","host_organization_name":"MyJOVE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320416"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["MyJOVE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35156664","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35156664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/d16a296d-7c80-4fc1-851d-47f6c315f15a","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/d16a296d-7c80-4fc1-851d-47f6c315f15a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Novac, O, Silva, R, Young, L-M, Lachani, K, Hughes, D & Kostrzewski, T 2022, 'Human Liver Microphysiological System for Assessing Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity In Vitro', Journal of Visualized Experiments. https://doi.org/10.3791/63389","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3791/63389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3791/63389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3791/63389","pdf_url":"https://www.jove.com/pdf/63389/human-liver-microphysiological-system-for-assessing-drug-induced","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S199738284","display_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","issn_l":"1940-087X","issn":["1940-087X","2834-8400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320416","host_organization_name":"MyJOVE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320416"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["MyJOVE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Visualized Experiments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210568232.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210568232.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2011024089","https://openalex.org/W2089539813","https://openalex.org/W2092612655","https://openalex.org/W2094392052","https://openalex.org/W2104209550","https://openalex.org/W2124507637","https://openalex.org/W2141254815","https://openalex.org/W2143926676","https://openalex.org/W2264718512","https://openalex.org/W2304131176","https://openalex.org/W2345415005","https://openalex.org/W2522555374","https://openalex.org/W2536520632","https://openalex.org/W2537337063","https://openalex.org/W2566203333","https://openalex.org/W2572737231","https://openalex.org/W2599336749","https://openalex.org/W2625311319","https://openalex.org/W2756261101","https://openalex.org/W2767401218","https://openalex.org/W2782129578","https://openalex.org/W2782718389","https://openalex.org/W2804922717","https://openalex.org/W2937351955","https://openalex.org/W2984745750","https://openalex.org/W3010228584","https://openalex.org/W3014765286","https://openalex.org/W3027189358","https://openalex.org/W3115203926","https://openalex.org/W3138142140","https://openalex.org/W3166806897"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6982154943","https://openalex.org/W4414904290","https://openalex.org/W7208720663","https://openalex.org/W2970924609","https://openalex.org/W4410235346","https://openalex.org/W7196976860","https://openalex.org/W4289545832","https://openalex.org/W2741010864","https://openalex.org/W1971813050","https://openalex.org/W4391801392"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"DILI":[0,19,23,57,81,179,244],"is":[1,24,59],"a":[2,84,198,239],"major":[3],"cause":[4,18],"of":[5,80,89,137,177,201],"attrition":[6],"in":[7,20,55,63,82,100,125,250,265],"drug":[8],"development":[9],"with":[10,197,248],"over":[11],"1000":[12],"FDA-approved":[13],"drugs":[14,29],"known":[15],"to":[16,39,61,70,131,151,167,175,187,242,259],"potentially":[17],"humans.":[21],"Unfortunately,":[22],"often":[25],"not":[26],"detected":[27],"until":[28],"have":[30,53],"reached":[31],"clinical":[32,160],"stages,":[33],"risking":[34],"patients'":[35],"safety":[36],"and":[37,77,94,98,117,134,172,189,203,214,245,269],"leading":[38],"substantial":[40],"losses":[41],"for":[42,129,149,212,223],"the":[43,126,210,221,233],"pharma":[44],"industry.":[45],"Taking":[46],"into":[47],"account":[48],"that":[49,66,232],"standard":[50],"2D":[51],"models":[52,65],"limitations":[54],"detecting":[56],"it":[58,228],"essential":[60],"develop":[62],"vitro":[64],"are":[67],"more":[68],"predictive":[69],"improve":[71],"data":[72,211],"translatability.":[73],"To":[74],"understand":[75],"causality":[76],"mechanistic":[78],"aspects":[79],"detail,":[83],"human":[85,90,114],"liver":[86,92,143,169,225,234,277,284],"MPS":[87,127,235],"consisting":[88],"primary":[91,113],"parenchymal":[93],"non-parenchymal":[95],"cells":[96,119],"(NPCs)":[97],"cultured":[99],"3D":[101],"microtissues":[102,124,144],"on":[103],"an":[104],"engineered":[105],"scaffold":[106],"under":[107],"perfusion":[108],"has":[109,194,229],"been":[110,195,230],"developed.":[111],"Cryopreserved":[112],"hepatocytes":[115],"(PHHs)":[116],"Kupffer":[118],"(HKCs)":[120],"were":[121,157],"cocultured":[122],"as":[123,163],"platform":[128],"up":[130,150],"two":[132],"weeks,":[133],"each":[135],"compound":[136],"interest":[138],"was":[139],"repeatably":[140],"dosed":[141],"onto":[142],"at":[145],"seven":[146],"test":[147],"concentrations":[148],"four":[152],"days.":[153],"Functional":[154],"liver-specific":[155],"endpoints":[156],"analyzed":[158],"(including":[159],"biomarkers":[161],"such":[162],"alanine":[164],"aminotransferase,":[165],"ALT)":[166],"evaluate":[168],"function.":[170,252],"Acute":[171],"chronic":[173],"exposure":[174],"compounds":[176,218,263],"various":[178],"severities":[180],"can":[181,237,255],"be":[182,238,257,274],"assessed":[183],"by":[184,276],"comparing":[185],"responses":[186],"single":[188],"multi-dosed":[190],"microtissues.":[191],"The":[192,253],"methodology":[193],"validated":[196],"broad":[199],"set":[200],"severe":[202],"mildly":[204],"hepatotoxic":[205,217],"compounds.":[206],"Here":[207],"we":[208],"show":[209],"pioglitazone":[213],"troglitazone,":[215],"well-known":[216],"withdrawn":[219],"from":[220],"market":[222],"causing":[224],"failures.":[226],"Overall,":[227],"shown":[231],"model":[236,254],"useful":[240],"tool":[241],"assess":[243,260],"its":[246],"association":[247],"changes":[249],"hepatic":[251],"additionally":[256],"used":[258],"how":[261,270],"novel":[262],"behave":[264],"distinct":[266],"patient":[267],"subsets":[268],"toxicity":[271],"profiles":[272],"may":[273],"affected":[275],"disease":[278],"states":[279],"(e.g.,":[280],"viral":[281],"hepatitis,":[282],"fatty":[283],"disease).":[285]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2022-02-08T00:00:00"}
