{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200603820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2021.12.012","title":"Duration of Care and Operative Time Are the Primary Drivers of Total Charges After Ambulatory Hip Arthroscopy: A Machine Learning Analysis","display_name":"Duration of Care and Operative Time Are the Primary Drivers of Total Charges After Ambulatory Hip Arthroscopy: A Machine Learning Analysis","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200603820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2021.12.012","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34921955"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2021.12.012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2021.12.012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2021.12.012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107905979","display_name":"Arthroscopy The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery","issn_l":"0749-8063","issn":["0749-8063","1526-3231"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arthroscopy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042401335","display_name":"Yining Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3967-645X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3967-645X","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4232-793X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yining Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088641088","display_name":"Ophelie Z. Lavoie-Gagne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-747X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-747X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285301757","display_name":"Rush University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01j7c0b24","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ophelie Lavoie\u2010Gagne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075756090","display_name":"Enrico M. Forlenza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8317-4043","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8317-4043"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285301757","display_name":"Rush University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01j7c0b24","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrico M. Forlenza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066892142","display_name":"Ayoosh Pareek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-1697","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-1697"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayoosh Pareek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056378102","display_name":"Kyle N. Kunze","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0363-3482","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0363-3482"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281539108","display_name":"Hospital for Special Surgery","ror":"https://ror.org/03zjqec80","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281539108"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyle N. Kunze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281539108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084967312","display_name":"Brian Forsythe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1665-5872","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1665-5872"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285301757","display_name":"Rush University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01j7c0b24","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Forsythe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029451985","display_name":"Bruce A. Levy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7694-1814","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7694-1814","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1987-1664"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce A. Levy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037385720","display_name":"Aaron John Krych","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3248-8007","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3248-8007"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aaron J. Krych","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042401335"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5568,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96061866,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"7","first_page":"2204","last_page":"2204"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11218","display_name":"Hip disorders and treatments","score":0.5015000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11218","display_name":"Hip disorders and treatments","score":0.5015000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.38749998807907104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13555","display_name":"Healthcare cost, quality, practices","score":0.01140000019222498,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hip-arthroscopy","display_name":"hip arthroscopy","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outpatient-surgery","display_name":"outpatient surgery","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-costs","display_name":"health care costs","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-forecasting","display_name":"cost prediction","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duration-of-care","display_name":"duration of care","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operative-time","display_name":"operative time","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elixhauser-comorbidity-index","display_name":"Elixhauser comorbidity index","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labral-repair","display_name":"labral repair","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physician-reimbursement","display_name":"physician reimbursement","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbidity","display_name":"comorbidities","score":0.6230000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35785553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756720","display_name":"Ambulatory","level":2,"score":0.8298159837722778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.8180980086326599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6649702787399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.5438578128814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.41327711939811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2871406078338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.11094710230827332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07133769989013672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001182","descriptor_name":"Arthroscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006621","descriptor_name":"Hip Joint","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061646","descriptor_name":"Operative Time","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2021.12.012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2021.12.012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2021.12.012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107905979","display_name":"Arthroscopy The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery","issn_l":"0749-8063","issn":["0749-8063","1526-3231"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arthroscopy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34921955","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34921955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W429766147","https://openalex.org/W1534477342","https://openalex.org/W1928201966","https://openalex.org/W1974985602","https://openalex.org/W2011744517","https://openalex.org/W2012820288","https://openalex.org/W2037460094","https://openalex.org/W2045030413","https://openalex.org/W2064186732","https://openalex.org/W2065974896","https://openalex.org/W2073405308","https://openalex.org/W2087046046","https://openalex.org/W2098026442","https://openalex.org/W2136085913","https://openalex.org/W2279922238","https://openalex.org/W2558384571","https://openalex.org/W2562251009","https://openalex.org/W2600503224","https://openalex.org/W2607507174","https://openalex.org/W2736489130","https://openalex.org/W2746030716","https://openalex.org/W2792452087","https://openalex.org/W2889601236","https://openalex.org/W2891385203","https://openalex.org/W2904561288","https://openalex.org/W2914645148","https://openalex.org/W2917605654","https://openalex.org/W2922704543","https://openalex.org/W2938199242","https://openalex.org/W2950675583","https://openalex.org/W2966129221","https://openalex.org/W2968116428","https://openalex.org/W2971318164","https://openalex.org/W2979727374","https://openalex.org/W2998718550","https://openalex.org/W3001077607","https://openalex.org/W3034840568","https://openalex.org/W3036557085","https://openalex.org/W3050139974","https://openalex.org/W3098962981","https://openalex.org/W3099805901","https://openalex.org/W3108007072","https://openalex.org/W3110742246","https://openalex.org/W3124584258","https://openalex.org/W3135873556","https://openalex.org/W3136824354","https://openalex.org/W3153753077","https://openalex.org/W3155382652","https://openalex.org/W4252867198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4280532019","https://openalex.org/W2908035099","https://openalex.org/W4306686800","https://openalex.org/W4295008366","https://openalex.org/W3182915385","https://openalex.org/W3215698815","https://openalex.org/W4409525316","https://openalex.org/W2913314438","https://openalex.org/W2802073664","https://openalex.org/W3212880830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"To":[1],"develop":[2],"a":[3,17,122,154,239],"machine":[4],"learning":[5],"algorithm":[6],"to":[7,41,70,101],"predict":[8,71],"total":[9,72,110,138,193,210],"charges":[10,73,194,211],"after":[11,195],"ambulatory":[12],"hip":[13,47,196],"arthroscopy":[14,48],"and":[15,36,51,64,88,95,177,180,183,242],"create":[16],"risk-adjusted":[18],"payment":[19],"model":[20,118,190],"based":[21,250],"on":[22,109,251],"patient":[23,60],"comorbidities.":[24,270],"METHODS:":[25],"A":[26],"retrospective":[27,276],"review":[28],"of":[29,59,90,105,153,166,209,214,238,248,269],"the":[30,82,103,115,127,252,255],"New":[31],"York":[32],"State":[33],"Ambulatory":[34],"Surgery":[35],"Services":[37],"database":[38],"was":[39,79,119],"performed":[40],"identify":[42],"patients":[43,249],"who":[44],"underwent":[45],"elective":[46],"between":[49],"2015":[50],"2016.":[52],"Features":[53],"included":[54,137,212],"in":[55,140,174],"initial":[56],"models":[57],"consisted":[58],"characteristics,":[61],"medical":[62],"comorbidities,":[63],"procedure-specific":[65],"variables.":[66],"Models":[67],"were":[68,99,201],"generated":[69],"using":[74,126],"5":[75],"algorithms.":[76],"Model":[77],"performance":[78,113,152,237],"assessed":[80],"by":[81,260],"root-mean-square":[83,85],"error,":[84,87],"logarithmic":[86],"coefficient":[89],"determination.":[91],"Global":[92],"variable":[93,267],"importance":[94],"partial":[96],"dependence":[97],"curves":[98],"constructed":[100],"show":[102],"impact":[104],"each":[106],"input":[107,129],"feature":[108],"charges.":[111],"For":[112],"benchmarking,":[114],"best":[116],"candidate":[117],"compared":[120],"with":[121],"multivariate":[123],"linear":[124],"regression":[125],"same":[128],"features.":[130],"RESULTS:":[131],"=":[132],"0.73).":[133],"Major":[134],"cost":[135],"drivers":[136,208],"hours":[139,219],"facility":[141],"less":[142,216],"than":[143,147,159,204,217,222,229,234,245],"12":[144,218],"or":[145,168,220],"more":[146,221,228],"15,":[148],"longer":[149],"procedure":[150],"time,":[151],"labral":[155,240],"repair,":[156,241],"age":[157,232],"younger":[158,233],"30":[160,235],"years,":[161,236],"Elixhauser":[162],"Comorbidity":[163],"Index":[164],"(ECI)":[165],"1":[167],"greater,":[169],"African":[170],"American":[171],"race,":[172],"residence":[173],"extreme":[175],"urban":[176],"rural":[178],"areas,":[179],"higher":[181],"household":[182],"neighborhood":[184],"income.":[185],"CONCLUSIONS:":[186],"The":[187],"gradient-boosted":[188],"ensemble":[189],"effectively":[191],"predicted":[192],"arthroscopy.":[197],"Few":[198],"modifiable":[199],"variables":[200],"identified":[202],"other":[203],"anesthesia":[205],"type;":[206],"nonmodifiable":[207],"duration":[213],"care":[215],"15":[223],"hours,":[224],"operating":[225],"room":[226],"time":[227],"100":[230],"minutes,":[231],"ECI":[243,253],"greater":[244],"0.":[246],"Stratification":[247],"highlighted":[254],"increased":[256],"financial":[257],"risk":[258],"borne":[259],"physicians":[261],"via":[262],"flat":[263],"reimbursement":[264],"schedules":[265],"given":[266],"degrees":[268],"LEVEL":[271],"OF":[272],"EVIDENCE:":[273],"Level":[274],"III,":[275],"cohort":[277],"study.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}