{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200602265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003270","title":"Simplified Predictive Expressions of Drift Limit States for Reinforced Concrete Circular Bridge Columns","display_name":"Simplified Predictive Expressions of Drift Limit States for Reinforced Concrete Circular Bridge Columns","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200602265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003270"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003270","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003270","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003270","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93312259","display_name":"Journal of Structural Engineering","issn_l":"0733-9445","issn":["0733-9445","1943-541X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Structural Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037041696","display_name":"Saif Aldabagh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5135-5552","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5135-5552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260628","display_name":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/04241wz75","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saif Aldabagh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Postdoctoral Fellow, Applied Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Structures (ALAMS), School of Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V1V7"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postdoctoral Fellow, Applied Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Structures (ALAMS), School of Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V1V7","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085916398","display_name":"Faroque Hossain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260628","display_name":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/04241wz75","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faroque Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ph.D. Student, Applied Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Structures (ALAMS), School of Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V1V7"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ph.D. Student, Applied Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Structures (ALAMS), School of Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V1V7","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042258629","display_name":"M. Shahria Alam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-1473","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-1473"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260628","display_name":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/04241wz75","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Shahria Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor and Tier-1 Principal\u2019s Research Chair in Resilient and Green Infrastructure, School of Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V1V7 (corresponding author). ORCID: ","Professor and Tier-1 Principal's Research Chair in Resilient and Green Infrastructure, School of Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V1V7. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-1473"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-1473","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor and Tier-1 Principal\u2019s Research Chair in Resilient and Green Infrastructure, School of Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V1V7 (corresponding author). ORCID: ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor and Tier-1 Principal's Research Chair in Resilient and Green Infrastructure, School of Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada V1V1V7. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-1473","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042258629"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I4405260628"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3995,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88042412,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"148","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10160","display_name":"Seismic Performance and Analysis","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10160","display_name":"Seismic Performance and Analysis","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10479","display_name":"Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete","score":0.010700000450015068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11874","display_name":"Structural Response to Dynamic Loads","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforced-concrete-columns","display_name":"reinforced concrete columns","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drift-ratio","display_name":"drift ratio","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limit-states","display_name":"limit states","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-based-design","display_name":"performance-based design","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-demand-parameters","display_name":"engineering demand parameters","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pushover-analysis","display_name":"pushover analysis","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reversed-cyclic-loading","display_name":"reversed cyclic loading","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-regression","display_name":"symbolic regression","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rebar-buckling","display_name":"rebar buckling","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concrete-cover-spalling","display_name":"concrete cover spalling","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-design-stage","display_name":"preliminary design","score":0.5120000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.7586208581924438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64355373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1024411","display_name":"Spall","level":2,"score":0.6532536745071411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778664469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150425","display_name":"Rebar","level":2,"score":0.5904305577278137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5726810097694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776136241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831627","display_name":"Concrete cover","level":3,"score":0.5367632508277893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85476182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693104","display_name":"Buckling","level":2,"score":0.4950224757194519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.48970916867256165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.47368907928466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.44813308119773865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82558694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1545619","display_name":"Aspect ratio (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4139483571052551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.3142346739768982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2622566819190979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22760024666786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.18014368414878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11724868416786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11053961515426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003270","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003270","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003270","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93312259","display_name":"Journal of Structural Engineering","issn_l":"0733-9445","issn":["0733-9445","1943-541X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Structural Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7207000255584717,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W90640688","https://openalex.org/W1509129286","https://openalex.org/W1590799610","https://openalex.org/W1924549804","https://openalex.org/W1964297396","https://openalex.org/W1969760883","https://openalex.org/W1979769287","https://openalex.org/W1981461336","https://openalex.org/W2039022455","https://openalex.org/W2042975895","https://openalex.org/W2061640468","https://openalex.org/W2073286115","https://openalex.org/W2076355459","https://openalex.org/W2121919824","https://openalex.org/W2165737203","https://openalex.org/W2167336469","https://openalex.org/W2177910439","https://openalex.org/W2206131390","https://openalex.org/W2208459929","https://openalex.org/W2313941738","https://openalex.org/W2486444208","https://openalex.org/W2489654857","https://openalex.org/W2510588844","https://openalex.org/W2520619159","https://openalex.org/W2612659281","https://openalex.org/W2795667172","https://openalex.org/W2974704730","https://openalex.org/W2992797304","https://openalex.org/W3104181271","https://openalex.org/W4250427583","https://openalex.org/W6980993111"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387340640","https://openalex.org/W4320169925","https://openalex.org/W4210802741","https://openalex.org/W7005901396","https://openalex.org/W7116838739","https://openalex.org/W3031001275","https://openalex.org/W570706348","https://openalex.org/W2969451770","https://openalex.org/W2260930884","https://openalex.org/W4411852319"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"critical":[1],"component":[2],"of":[3,10,15,21,31,58,87,155,159,195,211,228,235,260,268,278,292,318],"performance-based":[4],"design":[5,285],"(PBD)":[6],"is":[7,36],"the":[8,22,37,114,143,148,156,162,167,193,196,223,226,229,233,261,269,276,290,293,309,315],"quantification":[9],"damage":[11,29,50,178],"states":[12,30,317],"in":[13,222],"terms":[14],"engineering":[16,311],"demand":[17],"parameters":[18],"(EDPs).":[19],"One":[20],"most":[23],"widely":[24,218],"used":[25,219],"EDPs":[26],"to":[27,63,74,118,129,172,250],"define":[28],"reinforced":[32,59,319],"concrete":[33,60,80,98,182,185,320],"bridge":[34,310],"columns":[35,61,105,321],"drift":[38,115,144,164],"ratio.":[39],"Here,":[40],"a":[41,84,152,206,240,306],"fiber-based":[42],"numerical":[43,149,241,323],"model":[44],"was":[45,72,203,237],"validated":[46,297],"by":[47,239],"comparing":[48],"its":[49],"predictions":[51,194,267,291],"against":[52],"experimental":[53,300],"results":[54],"for":[55,308],"large-scale":[56],"tests":[57],"subjected":[62],"reversed":[64],"cyclic":[65],"loading.":[66],"The":[67,104,124,137,243],"Monte":[68],"Carlo":[69],"sampling":[70],"technique":[71],"adopted":[73],"generate":[75],"1,000":[76],"well-confined":[77],"and":[78,93,97,99,113,188],"flexure-dominated":[79],"columns,":[81],"each":[82],"having":[83],"unique":[85],"combination":[86],"aspect":[88],"ratio,":[89,91],"axial-load":[90],"longitudinal":[92],"spiral":[94],"reinforcement":[95],"ratios,":[96],"reinforcing":[100,207],"steel":[101,208],"yield":[102],"strengths.":[103],"were":[106,122,127,170,213,296],"analyzed":[107],"numerically":[108],"under":[109],"static":[110],"pushover":[111,252],"loading,":[112],"ratios":[116,145,165],"corresponding":[117],"various":[119],"strain":[120,210],"limits":[121],"recorded.":[123],"resulting":[125],"data":[126],"fit":[128],"mathematical":[130],"expressions":[131,140,169,220,231,246,295],"through":[132,322],"machine":[133],"learning\u2013based":[134],"symbolic":[135],"regression.":[136],"proposed":[138,168,197,230,244,294],"simplified":[139,245],"well":[141],"predicted":[142,163],"obtained":[146],"from":[147,166],"analysis":[150],"with":[151],"minimum":[153],"square":[154],"correlation":[157],"coefficient":[158],"0.88.":[160],"Also,":[161],"comparable":[171],"those":[173],"measured":[174],"experimentally":[175],"at":[176,199,283],"key":[177],"states,":[179,271],"such":[180],"as":[181,258,305],"cover":[183],"spalling,":[184],"core":[186],"crushing,":[187],"bar":[189],"buckling.":[190],"In":[191,287],"particular,":[192],"expression":[198],"rebar":[200],"buckling,":[201],"which":[202,272],"based":[204],"on":[205],"tensile":[209],"0.05,":[212],"more":[214],"accurate":[215],"than":[216],"two":[217],"found":[221],"literature.":[224],"Finally,":[225],"application":[227],"within":[232],"context":[234],"PBD":[236],"demonstrated":[238],"example.":[242],"are":[247],"not":[248],"intended":[249],"replace":[251],"or":[253],"nonlinear":[254],"time":[255],"history":[256],"analyses":[257],"part":[259],"PBD,":[262],"but":[263],"rather":[264],"provide":[265],"approximate":[266],"limit":[270,316],"would":[273],"significantly":[274],"facilitate":[275],"development":[277],"appropriate":[279],"preliminary":[280],"designs,":[281],"especially":[282],"early":[284],"stages.":[286],"addition,":[288],"since":[289],"using":[298],"previous":[299],"data,":[301],"they":[302],"can":[303],"serve":[304],"benchmark":[307],"community":[312],"when":[313],"determining":[314],"analyses.":[324]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}
