{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200599528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.13563","title":"Tocilizumab for severe refractory primary central nervous system vasculitis: A center experience","display_name":"Tocilizumab for severe refractory primary central nervous system vasculitis: A center experience","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200599528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.13563","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34866181"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/ane.13563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.13563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.13563","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/ane.13563","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66034498","display_name":"Acta Neurologica Scandinavica","issn_l":"0001-6314","issn":["0001-6314","1600-0404"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Neurologica Scandinavica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/ane.13563","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034515665","display_name":"Ver\u00f3nica Cabreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9945-7681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9945-7681"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018176973","display_name":"Hospital de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o","ror":"https://ror.org/04qsnc772","country_code":"PT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ver\u00f3nica Cabreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9945-7681","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025757944","display_name":"Leonor Dias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2763-9440","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2763-9440"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018176973","display_name":"Hospital de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o","ror":"https://ror.org/04qsnc772","country_code":"PT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonor Dias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2763-9440","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044385565","display_name":"Bruno Fernandes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2446-0007","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2446-0007"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018176973","display_name":"Hospital de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o","ror":"https://ror.org/04qsnc772","country_code":"PT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Fernandes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rheumatology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rheumatology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091536809","display_name":"Ana Aires","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0537-0169","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0537-0169","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9143-1217"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018176973","display_name":"Hospital de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o","ror":"https://ror.org/04qsnc772","country_code":"PT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Aires","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026172339","display_name":"Joana Guimar\u00e3es","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1540-1395","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1540-1395"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018176973","display_name":"Hospital de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o","ror":"https://ror.org/04qsnc772","country_code":"PT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joana Guimar\u00e3es","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083582604","display_name":"Pedro Abreu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7927-0294","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7927-0294"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018176973","display_name":"Hospital de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o","ror":"https://ror.org/04qsnc772","country_code":"PT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Abreu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018955063","display_name":"Elsa Irene Azevedo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3731-4508","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3731-4508"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018176973","display_name":"Hospital de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o","ror":"https://ror.org/04qsnc772","country_code":"PT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elsa Azevedo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurology Department Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018176973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034515665"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I3018176973"],"apc_list":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7813,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67521577,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"145","issue":"4","first_page":"479","last_page":"483"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10697","display_name":"Vasculitis and related conditions","score":0.478300005197525,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10697","display_name":"Vasculitis and related conditions","score":0.478300005197525,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12212","display_name":"CNS Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.26489999890327454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11929","display_name":"Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis","score":0.03819999843835831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-central-nervous-system-vasculitis","display_name":"primary central nervous system vasculitis","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tocilizumab","display_name":"tocilizumab","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-6-inhibition","display_name":"IL-6 inhibition","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractory-vasculitis","display_name":"refractory vasculitis","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ischemic-lesions","display_name":"ischemic lesions","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudotumoral-lesions","display_name":"pseudotumoral lesions","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relapse","display_name":"relapse","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remission","display_name":"remission","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-safety","display_name":"treatment safety","score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fungal-infection","display_name":"fungal infection","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutropenia","display_name":"neutropenia","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrombocytopenia","display_name":"thrombocytopenia","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-embolism","display_name":"pulmonary embolism","score":0.9150000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777178219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425154","display_name":"Tocilizumab","level":3,"score":0.9856041073799133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9008591771125793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776015282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644318","display_name":"Vasculitis","level":3,"score":0.656518280506134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435822","display_name":"Neutropenia","level":3,"score":0.5820273160934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142424586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7307572","display_name":"Refractory (planetary science)","level":2,"score":0.5399290323257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776429142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620189","display_name":"Brain biopsy","level":3,"score":0.4542331397533417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207886595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456138","display_name":"Pathological","level":2,"score":0.4112124741077423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.4015794098377228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3927971124649048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.37182533740997314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974135","display_name":"Chemotherapy","level":2,"score":0.21892347931861877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.08684736490249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001706","descriptor_name":"Biopsy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020293","descriptor_name":"Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020293","descriptor_name":"Vasculitis, Central Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061067","descriptor_name":"Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/ane.13563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.13563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.13563","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/ane.13563","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66034498","display_name":"Acta Neurologica Scandinavica","issn_l":"0001-6314","issn":["0001-6314","1600-0404"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Neurologica Scandinavica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34866181","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34866181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta neurologica Scandinavica","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/ane.13563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.13563","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.13563","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/ane.13563","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66034498","display_name":"Acta Neurologica Scandinavica","issn_l":"0001-6314","issn":["0001-6314","1600-0404"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Neurologica Scandinavica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Case Report","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200599528.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200599528.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533640705","https://openalex.org/W1773767296","https://openalex.org/W1999598556","https://openalex.org/W2019232284","https://openalex.org/W2027738506","https://openalex.org/W2083173854","https://openalex.org/W2737436316","https://openalex.org/W2805944140","https://openalex.org/W2965528385","https://openalex.org/W2982040383","https://openalex.org/W2999068470","https://openalex.org/W3138938240","https://openalex.org/W3157270391","https://openalex.org/W3211030119"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2911657280","https://openalex.org/W2071427442","https://openalex.org/W4407252541","https://openalex.org/W7167026100","https://openalex.org/W2327006240","https://openalex.org/W2055855958","https://openalex.org/W4367303380","https://openalex.org/W7214683561","https://openalex.org/W106532244","https://openalex.org/W7133354600"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Primary":[1],"Central":[2],"Nervous":[3],"System":[4],"Vasculitis":[5],"(PCNSV)":[6],"is":[7,26,46],"responsible":[8],"for":[9,50,150,165,188],"3%-5%":[10],"of":[11,31,74,100,140,169,174,181,191],"strokes":[12],"before":[13],"age":[14],"50.":[15],"It":[16],"presents":[17],"with":[18,55,58,82,171],"clinical,":[19],"radiological,":[20],"and":[21,102,112,130,134,158,167,179],"pathological":[22],"variability.":[23],"Optimal":[24],"management":[25],"unknown":[27],"given":[28,155],"the":[29,141,172,176,186],"absence":[30],"randomized":[32],"clinical":[33,103],"trials.":[34],"AIMS":[35],"OF":[36],"THE":[37],"STUDY:":[38],"Explore":[39],"whether":[40],"tocilizumab,":[41],"an":[42,47],"anti-interleukin-6":[43],"monoclonal":[44],"antibody,":[45],"effective":[48],"treatment":[49],"refractory":[51],"PCNSV.":[52],"METHODS:":[53],"Patients":[54],"PCNSV":[56,151,170],"treated":[57],"tocilizumab":[59,109,192],"in":[60,92,138,193],"a":[61,83,97,114,126,135,147,162],"single":[62],"tertiary":[63],"center":[64],"were":[65,70,125],"reviewed.":[66],"RESULTS:":[67],"Three":[68],"patients":[69],"identified.":[71],"In":[72],"two":[73,93],"them,":[75],"MRI-revealed":[76],"ischemic":[77],"lesions.":[78],"The":[79],"other":[80,106],"presented":[81],"subcortical":[84],"hemispheric":[85],"pseudotumoral":[86],"lesion.":[87],"Brain":[88],"biopsy":[89],"was":[90,110],"inconclusive":[91],"patients.":[94],"Due":[95],"to":[96,119],"significant":[98],"number":[99],"relapses":[101],"deterioration":[104],"despite":[105],"immunosuppressive":[107],"drugs,":[108],"initiated":[111],"induced":[113],"long":[115],"remission":[116],"period":[117],"up":[118],"44":[120],"months.":[121],"Observed":[122],"side":[123],"effects":[124],"fungic":[127],"infection,":[128],"neutropenia":[129],"thrombocytopenia":[131],"(both":[132],"transitory),":[133],"pulmonary":[136],"embolism":[137],"one":[139],"cases.":[142],"CONCLUSIONS:":[143],"Tocilizumab":[144],"might":[145],"be":[146],"therapeutic":[148],"option":[149],"(Class":[152],"IV":[153],"evidence),":[154],"its":[156],"efficacy":[157],"safety.":[159],"We":[160],"propose":[161],"novel":[163],"pathway":[164],"diagnosis":[166],"therapeutics":[168],"purpose":[173],"improving":[175],"diagnosis,":[177],"monitoring,":[178],"prognosis":[180],"this":[182,194],"heterogeneous":[183],"disorder,":[184],"setting":[185],"framework":[187],"future":[189],"use":[190],"condition.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}
