{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200547267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","title":"Automated system for construction specification review using natural language processing","display_name":"Automated system for construction specification review using natural language processing","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200547267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112141509","display_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","issn_l":"1474-0346","issn":["1474-0346","1873-5320"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011777863","display_name":"Seonghyeon Moon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4620-5592","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4620-5592"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405269456","display_name":"Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/047v5p666","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405269456"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seonghyeon Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea","Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4405269456"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021971306","display_name":"Gitaek Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0750-2759","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0750-2759"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gitaek Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068272420","display_name":"Seokho Chi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0409-5268","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0409-5268"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405269456","display_name":"Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/047v5p666","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405269456"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seokho Chi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea","Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4405269456"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068272420"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4405269456"],"apc_list":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"apc_paid":{"value":2550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2550},"fwci":2.4643,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":106,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90468889,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":null,"first_page":"101495","last_page":"101495"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.43290001153945923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.43290001153945923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":0.40059998631477356,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.06849999725818634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-documentation","display_name":"construction documentation","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"named entity recognition","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doc2vec","display_name":"Doc2Vec","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word2vec","display_name":"Word2Vec","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-conflicts","display_name":"semantic conflicts","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-terminology","display_name":"construction terminology","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-risk-management","display_name":"construction risk management","score":0.609000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5788159966468811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4184269905090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.39856988191604614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3941144347190857}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112141509","display_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","issn_l":"1474-0346","issn":["1474-0346","1873-5320"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2021.101495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112141509","display_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","issn_l":"1474-0346","issn":["1474-0346","1873-5320"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Engineering Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.7207000255584717}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4792926179","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21CTAP-C151784-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322010","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322010","display_name":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport","ror":"https://ror.org/04xt5aa77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1562225052","https://openalex.org/W1714704734","https://openalex.org/W1854214752","https://openalex.org/W1963949229","https://openalex.org/W1963978108","https://openalex.org/W1966674091","https://openalex.org/W1967622519","https://openalex.org/W1975633953","https://openalex.org/W1979843082","https://openalex.org/W1982364506","https://openalex.org/W2017586598","https://openalex.org/W2020517838","https://openalex.org/W2029858480","https://openalex.org/W2048375191","https://openalex.org/W2054644187","https://openalex.org/W2056918233","https://openalex.org/W2063152008","https://openalex.org/W2067401145","https://openalex.org/W2076383389","https://openalex.org/W2079699189","https://openalex.org/W2090818468","https://openalex.org/W2099076737","https://openalex.org/W2103438167","https://openalex.org/W2138621811","https://openalex.org/W2141099517","https://openalex.org/W2148212498","https://openalex.org/W2153653693","https://openalex.org/W2163253851","https://openalex.org/W2207774637","https://openalex.org/W2296283641","https://openalex.org/W2417701646","https://openalex.org/W2548787259","https://openalex.org/W2557995968","https://openalex.org/W2606497935","https://openalex.org/W2607414129","https://openalex.org/W2615996648","https://openalex.org/W2767448068","https://openalex.org/W2895202116","https://openalex.org/W2900291487","https://openalex.org/W2904845423","https://openalex.org/W2908600500","https://openalex.org/W2909418764","https://openalex.org/W2915429162","https://openalex.org/W2960869366","https://openalex.org/W2994209668","https://openalex.org/W3003115413","https://openalex.org/W3003243811","https://openalex.org/W3005595604","https://openalex.org/W3013902092","https://openalex.org/W3040243943","https://openalex.org/W3088961599","https://openalex.org/W3094054110","https://openalex.org/W3120530803","https://openalex.org/W3154453661","https://openalex.org/W4213009331","https://openalex.org/W4251504464","https://openalex.org/W6600654476","https://openalex.org/W6601211009","https://openalex.org/W6633340474","https://openalex.org/W6721529736","https://openalex.org/W6726217081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3000646330","https://openalex.org/W3094054110","https://openalex.org/W3164070100","https://openalex.org/W7135392792","https://openalex.org/W7110690233","https://openalex.org/W4282573360","https://openalex.org/W7134893325","https://openalex.org/W4409866168","https://openalex.org/W4406820800","https://openalex.org/W6964444854"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Existing":[0],"attempts":[1],"to":[2,19,45,110,206,217],"automate":[3],"construction":[4,24,52,100,185,211,219],"document":[5],"analysis":[6],"are":[7],"limited":[8],"in":[9,32,80,209,222],"understanding":[10],"the":[11,20,23,35,39,56,87,93,112,116,138,152,164,179,184,191,195,210],"varied":[12,69],"semantic":[13,21,58,70,97],"properties":[14,59,71],"of":[15,38,72,82,90,149,172,224],"different":[16,57,74,78,113],"documents.":[17],"Due":[18],"conflicts,":[22],"specification":[25,186],"review":[26,187,218],"process":[27,188],"is":[28],"still":[29],"conducted":[30],"manually":[31],"practice":[33],"despite":[34],"promising":[36],"performance":[37],"existing":[40],"approaches.":[41],"This":[42],"research":[43],"aimed":[44],"develop":[46],"an":[47,145,169],"automated":[48],"system":[49,181],"for":[50,99],"reviewing":[51],"specifications":[53,75,220],"by":[54,189],"analyzing":[55],"using":[60],"natural":[61],"language":[62],"processing":[63],"techniques.":[64],"The":[65,174,203],"proposed":[66,180],"method":[67],"analyzed":[68],"56":[73],"from":[76,141],"five":[77],"countries":[79],"terms":[81,101],"vocabulary,":[83],"sentence":[84],"structure,":[85],"and":[86,200,227],"organizing":[88],"styles":[89],"provisions.":[91],"First,":[92],"authors":[94,117,153],"developed":[95,118,154],"a":[96,119,131,155],"thesaurus":[98],"including":[102],"208":[103],"word-replacement":[104],"rules":[105],"based":[106,124,158],"on":[107,125,159],"Word2Vec":[108],"embedding":[109],"understand":[111],"vocabularies.":[114],"Second,":[115],"named":[120],"entity":[121],"recognition":[122],"model":[123,157],"bi-directional":[126],"long":[127],"short-term":[128],"memory":[129],"with":[130,144,168,213],"conditional":[132],"random":[133],"field":[134],"layer,":[135],"which":[136,162],"identified":[137,163],"required":[139],"keywords":[140],"given":[142],"provisions":[143,167],"averaged":[146],"F1":[147],"score":[148],"0.928.":[150],"Third,":[151],"provision-pairing":[156],"Doc2Vec":[160],"embedding,":[161],"most":[165],"relevant":[166],"average":[170],"accuracy":[171],"84.4%.":[173],"web-based":[175],"prototype":[176],"demonstrated":[177],"that":[178],"can":[182],"facilitate":[183],"reducing":[190],"time":[192],"spent,":[193],"supplementing":[194],"reviewer\u2019s":[196],"experience,":[197],"enhancing":[198],"accuracy,":[199],"achieving":[201],"consistency.":[202],"results":[204],"contribute":[205],"risk":[207],"management":[208],"industry,":[212],"practitioners":[214],"being":[215],"able":[216],"thoroughly":[221],"spite":[223],"tight":[225],"schedules":[226],"few":[228],"available":[229],"experts.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}