{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200536630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122589","title":"Effect of Plant Spacings on Growth, Physiology, Yield and Fiber Quality Attributes of Cotton Genotypes under Nitrogen Fertilization","display_name":"Effect of Plant Spacings on Growth, Physiology, Yield and Fiber Quality Attributes of Cotton Genotypes under Nitrogen Fertilization","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200536630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122589"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy11122589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122589","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122589","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2589/pdf?version=1640162352","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2589/pdf?version=1640162352","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041218478","display_name":"Ishrat Zaman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096473","display_name":"Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/00vmr6593","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096473"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ishrat Zaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103951405","display_name":"Muqarrab Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096473","display_name":"Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/00vmr6593","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096473"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muqarrab Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077473249","display_name":"Khurram Shahzad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3670-8337","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3670-8337"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119514","display_name":"Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0212pqc18","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119514"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khurram Shahzad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal 89250, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal 89250, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013815469","display_name":"Muhammad Saeed Tahir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-0778","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-0778"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Saeed Tahir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085716425","display_name":"Amar Matloob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4683-1745","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4683-1745"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096473","display_name":"Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/00vmr6593","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096473"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amar Matloob","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004710797","display_name":"Wazir Ahmad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096473","display_name":"Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/00vmr6593","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096473"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wazir Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108656943","display_name":"Saud A. Alamri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-1101","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-1101"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saud Alamri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2565-1101","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Muhammad Rizwan Khurshid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110596","display_name":"Ayub Agriculture Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01qbsyz51","country_code":"PK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110596","https://openalex.org/I4394709246"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Rizwan Khurshid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oilseeds Research Institute, Ayub Agriculture Research Institute, Faisalabad 38850, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oilseeds Research Institute, Ayub Agriculture Research Institute, Faisalabad 38850, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021017691","display_name":"Muhammad Mubashir Qureshi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Mubashir Qureshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Plant Nutrition Section, Mango Research Institute, Multan 60000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Plant Nutrition Section, Mango Research Institute, Multan 60000, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061287313","display_name":"Allah Wasaya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2467-3464","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2467-3464"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allah Wasaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Agriculture, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Layyah 31200, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2467-3464","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Agriculture, Bahadur Sub-Campus Layyah, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Layyah 31200, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067507247","display_name":"Khurram Shehzad Baig","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khurram Shehzad Baig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soil & Water Testing Laboratory, Muzaffargarh 34200, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soil & Water Testing Laboratory, Muzaffargarh 34200, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011463115","display_name":"Manzer Hussain Siddiqui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2840-4608","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2840-4608"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manzer H. Siddiqui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045483378","display_name":"Shah Fahad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-0296","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-0296","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8981-1517"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801349156","display_name":"University of Haripur","ror":"https://ror.org/05vtb1235","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shah Fahad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620, Pakistan","Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-0296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 22620, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000170675","display_name":"Rahul Datta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-2555","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-2555"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56081889","display_name":"Mendel University in Brno","ror":"https://ror.org/058aeep47","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56081889"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Datta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-2555","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56081889"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103951405"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096473"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1944},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1944},"fwci":4.4808,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95067276,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"12","first_page":"2589","last_page":"2589"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12243","display_name":"Research in Cotton Cultivation","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12243","display_name":"Research in Cotton Cultivation","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.015599999576807022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.0066999997943639755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cotton","display_name":"cotton","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-spacing","display_name":"plant spacing","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fertilization","display_name":"nitrogen fertilization","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-quality","display_name":"fiber quality","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-cotton-yield","display_name":"seed cotton yield","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cotton-varieties","display_name":"cotton varieties","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stomatal-conductance","display_name":"stomatal conductance","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosynthetic-rate","display_name":"photosynthetic rate","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boll-weight","display_name":"boll weight","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staple-strength","display_name":"staple strength","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micronaire","display_name":"micronaire","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultivar-differences","display_name":"cultivar differences","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigated-cotton","display_name":"irrigated cotton","score":0.8659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.621183454990387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.6186508536338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.5514959096908569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5348801612854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5147442817687988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.5055735111236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4933721125125885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88972607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2666904","display_name":"Human fertilization","level":2,"score":0.4562079608440399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.45602554082870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.4499831199645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75639521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283519","display_name":"Field experiment","level":2,"score":0.4222412705421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.4172067940235138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2770557999610901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.15494832396507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08768665790557861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.06607186794281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy11122589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122589","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122589","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2589/pdf?version=1640162352","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:49bc773b9f8e45a4be1522447bc4af20","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/49bc773b9f8e45a4be1522447bc4af20","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy, Vol 11, Iss 12, p 2589 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy11122589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122589","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122589","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/12/2589/pdf?version=1640162352","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9208999872207642,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200536630.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4200536630.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W270669467","https://openalex.org/W273008703","https://openalex.org/W292181046","https://openalex.org/W322277505","https://openalex.org/W601432963","https://openalex.org/W1153526684","https://openalex.org/W1545723501","https://openalex.org/W1985381065","https://openalex.org/W2012319085","https://openalex.org/W2012761572","https://openalex.org/W2023297985","https://openalex.org/W2026125218","https://openalex.org/W2041900723","https://openalex.org/W2051367218","https://openalex.org/W2053905896","https://openalex.org/W2074020145","https://openalex.org/W2074807344","https://openalex.org/W2079764363","https://openalex.org/W2082651740","https://openalex.org/W2088810727","https://openalex.org/W2095916278","https://openalex.org/W2102438619","https://openalex.org/W2168906711","https://openalex.org/W2177476880","https://openalex.org/W2183042444","https://openalex.org/W2185940345","https://openalex.org/W2222356317","https://openalex.org/W2243343182","https://openalex.org/W2254985559","https://openalex.org/W2273998011","https://openalex.org/W2338241293","https://openalex.org/W2342430100","https://openalex.org/W2346012113","https://openalex.org/W2464853136","https://openalex.org/W2526898642","https://openalex.org/W2550238986","https://openalex.org/W2784833946","https://openalex.org/W2934557699","https://openalex.org/W2962398155","https://openalex.org/W2981088897","https://openalex.org/W6611033290","https://openalex.org/W6719595514","https://openalex.org/W6959907813"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2788730137","https://openalex.org/W2338241293","https://openalex.org/W2138035251","https://openalex.org/W4200339044","https://openalex.org/W2901512394","https://openalex.org/W2748525462","https://openalex.org/W3142352783","https://openalex.org/W4411122230","https://openalex.org/W2254985559","https://openalex.org/W4280534510"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cotton":[0],"is":[1,27,77],"a":[2,176,256,284,305],"major":[3],"cash":[4],"crop":[5,181],"of":[6,66,70,101,113,147,171,201],"Pakistan":[7,58,104],"that":[8,59,168],"provides":[9],"high":[10,31],"foreign":[11],"exchange":[12],"and":[13,21,34,51,63,83,120,130,136,213,242,262,277,288,314],"plays":[14],"an":[15],"important":[16,28,78],"role":[17],"in":[18,29,38,57,105,107,226],"agriculture,":[19],"industry,":[20],"economic":[22],"development.":[23],"The":[24,151,165,192,253,265,281],"plant":[25,44,71,124,194,208,229,249,298,328],"population":[26],"achieving":[30],"cotton":[32,115,203,219,260,279,310],"yield":[33,62,82,220],"fiber":[35,84,234,263,315],"quality":[36,65,235],"attributes":[37],"irrigated":[39],"conditions.":[40],"Most":[41],"farmers":[42],"maintain":[43],"spacing":[45,195,230,250,299,329],"according":[46,73],"to":[47,74,79,109,184,223,292,308],"their":[48],"local":[49],"tradition,":[50],"often":[52],"ignore":[53],"the":[54,93,111,145,199,217,227,296],"varietal":[55,75],"characteristics":[56,76],"cause":[60],"low":[61],"poor":[64],"products.":[67],"Therefore,":[68,295],"standardization":[69],"spacings":[72,125,209],"achieve":[80],"higher":[81,225,245,285],"quality.":[85,264,316],"A":[86],"field":[87],"experiment":[88,152],"was":[89,142,153,190,221],"carried":[90],"out":[91],"at":[92,144],"Agronomic":[94],"Research":[95],"Area,":[96],"Muhammad":[97],"Nawaz":[98],"Shareef":[99],"University":[100],"Agriculture,":[102],"Multan,":[103],"2017,":[106],"order":[108],"evaluate":[110],"performance":[112],"four":[114],"cultivars":[116],"(MNH-1016,":[117],"FH-Lalazar,":[118],"NIAB-878,":[119],"Cyto-124)":[121],"under":[122,247,320],"five":[123],"(15.0,":[126],"22.5,":[127],"30.0,":[128,211],"37.5,":[129],"45.0":[131,214],"cm),":[132,215],"comparing":[133],"them":[134],"with":[135,162,206,300,330],"without":[137],"nitrogen":[138,169,188,301,331],"application.":[139],"Nitrogen":[140],"fertilization":[141],"applied":[143],"rate":[146,287],"197":[148,172],"kg":[149,173],"ha\u22121.":[150],"replicated":[154],"thrice,":[155],"as":[156,238,272],"per":[157],"Randomized":[158],"Complete":[159],"Block":[160],"Design":[161],"factorial":[163],"arrangements.":[164],"results":[166],"showed":[167,175,244,255,283],"application":[170,302],"ha\u22121":[174],"positive":[177],"impact":[178],"on":[179,259],"all":[180],"parameters":[182,204,236,270],"compared":[183,205,291],"plots":[185],"where":[186],"no":[187],"fertilizer":[189],"applied.":[191],"wider":[193,248,297,327],"(45":[196],"cm)":[197],"increased":[198],"values":[200,246],"many":[202],"other":[207,293],"(22.5,":[210],"37.5":[212],"but":[216],"seed":[218,278],"found":[222],"be":[224,304],"narrow":[228],"(15":[231],"cm).":[232,252],"However,":[233,317],"such":[237,271],"GOT,":[239],"staple":[240],"strength,":[241],"micronaire":[243],"(45.0":[251],"varieties":[254],"mixed":[257],"effect":[258],"productivity":[261],"MNH-1016":[266],"significantly":[267],"impacted":[268],"yield-contributing":[269],"bolls":[273],"plant\u22121,":[274],"boll":[275],"weight":[276],"yield.":[280],"NIAB-878":[282],"photosynthetic":[286],"stomatal":[289],"conductance":[290],"varieties.":[294],"could":[303],"better":[306],"strategy":[307],"increase":[309],"growth,":[311],"yield,":[312],"physiology,":[313],"long-term":[318],"studies":[319],"different":[321],"climatic":[322],"conditions":[323],"are":[324],"suggested":[325],"for":[326],"fertilizers.":[332]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2021-12-31T00:00:00"}
